Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305251052
Author: Michael Cummings
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 3, Problem 18QP
More Crosses with Pea Plants: The Principle of Independent Assortment
Determine the possible genotypes of the following parents by analyzing the
- a. Parents: brown eyes, right-handed × brown eyes, right-handed
Offspring: 3/4 brown eyes, right-handed
1/4 blue eyes, right-handed
- b. Parents: brown eyes, right-handed × blue eyes, right-handed
Offspring: 6/16 blue eyes, right-handed
2/16 blue eyes, left-handed
6/16 brown eyes, right-handed
2/16 brown eyes, left-handed
- c. Parents: brown eyes, right-handed × blue eyes, left-handed
Offspring: 1/4 brown eyes, right-handed
1/4 brown eyes, left-handed
1/4 blue eyes, right-handed
1/4 blue eyes, left-handed
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Co- Dominance1) In cattle, the alleles for red coat (R) and white coat (W) behave as the co-dominants. Both red and white hairs are produced in the heterozygote producing a coat pattern that is called "roan."
a) Give the phenotypic and genotypic ratios to be expected among the offspring from a cross of two roan animals.
b) What are the expected genotypic and phenotypic ratios from a cross of a roan animal and a white one?
Genetic cross with dependent assortment (linked traits). Repeat the previous problem but assume that the genes are located very close to each other on the same chromosome, and are therefore always linked (passed on together). Assume that in these individuals, each chromosome contains the dominant allele for one gene and the recessive allele for the other gene. Note: this is similar to the dependent assortment example in your notes, but the linkage is different. Construct a 2x2 Punnett square, and answer the questions below:
GgBb x GgBb
GB
Gb
gB
gb
GB
GGBB
GGBb
GgBB
GgBb
Gb
GGBb
GGbb
GgBb
Ggbb
gB
GgBB
GgBb
ggBB
ggBb
gb
GgBb
Ggbb
ggBb
ggbb
a) From your Punnett square, how many individuals are dihybrids?
b) How many individuals are both homozygous recessive for coat color and heterozygous for eye color (ggBb)?
c) Fill in the blanks to state the expected phenotypic ratio of the offspring:…
Genetic cross with independent assortment (unlinked traits). Wolves are sometimes observed to have black coats and blue eyes. Assume that these traits are each determined by single genes that are located on different Also assume that normal gray coat color (G) is dominant to black (g) and brown eyes (B) are dominant to blue (b). Suppose that each parent has a normal-colored coat and brown eyes, and that both individuals are heterozygous for both traits. Use the Punnett Square below to answer the following questions:
GgBb x GgBb
GB
Gb
gB
gb
GB
GGBB
GGBb
GgBB
GgBb
Gb
GGBb
GGbb
GgBb
Ggbb
gB
GgBB
GgBb
ggBB
ggBb
gb
GgBb
Ggbb
ggBb
ggbb
a) From your Punnett square, how many individuals are dihybrids?
b) How many individuals are both homozygous recessive for coat color and heterozygous for eye color (ggBb)?
c) Fill in the blanks to state the expected phenotypic ratio of the offspring:…
Chapter 3 Solutions
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 3.4 - Why do scientists design experiments to disprove...Ch. 3.4 - Should Ockhams razor be considered an irrefutable...Ch. 3.7 - Prob. 1EGCh. 3.7 - For most cases, a p value of 0.05 is used to...Ch. 3 - Prob. 1CSCh. 3 - Prob. 2CSCh. 3 - Prob. 3CSCh. 3 - Prob. 1QPCh. 3 - Crossing Pea Plants: Mendels Study of Single...Ch. 3 - Crossing Pea Plants: Mendels Study of Single...
Ch. 3 - Prob. 4QPCh. 3 - Crossing Pea Plants: Mendels Study of Single...Ch. 3 - Prob. 6QPCh. 3 - Crossing Pea Plants: Mendels Study of Single...Ch. 3 - Crossing Pea Plants: Mendels Study of Single...Ch. 3 - Crossing Pea Plants: Mendels Study of Single...Ch. 3 - Crossing Pea Plants: Mendels Study of Single...Ch. 3 - Crossing Pea Plants: Mendels Study of Single...Ch. 3 - More Crosses with Pea Plants: The Principle of...Ch. 3 - More Crosses with Pea Plants: The Principle of...Ch. 3 - Prob. 14QPCh. 3 - More Crosses with Pea Plants: The Principle of...Ch. 3 - More Crosses with Pea Plants: The Principle of...Ch. 3 - Prob. 17QPCh. 3 - More Crosses with Pea Plants: The Principle of...Ch. 3 - More Crosses with Pea Plants: The Principle of...Ch. 3 - More Crosses with Pea Plants: The Principle of...Ch. 3 - More Crosses with Pea Plants: The Principle of...Ch. 3 - More Crosses with Pea Plants: The Principle of...Ch. 3 - Meiosis Explains Mendels Results: Genes Are on...Ch. 3 - Meiosis Explains Mendels Results: Genes Are on...Ch. 3 - Meiosis Explains Mendels Results: Genes Are on...Ch. 3 - Prob. 26QPCh. 3 - Prob. 27QPCh. 3 - Variations on a Theme by Mendel A characteristic...Ch. 3 - Prob. 29QPCh. 3 - Variations on a Theme by Mendel Pea plants usually...Ch. 3 - Prob. 31QPCh. 3 - Prob. 32QPCh. 3 - Prob. 33QPCh. 3 - Prob. 34QPCh. 3 - Prob. 35QPCh. 3 - Prob. 36QP
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- More Crosses with Pea Plants: The Principle of Independent Assortment Given the following matings, what are the predicted phenotypic ratios of the offspring? a. AABb Aabb b. AaBb aabb c. AaBb AaBbarrow_forwardMore Crosses with Pea Plants: The Principle of Independent Assortment Consider the following cross in pea plants, in which smooth pea shape is dominant to wrinkled, and yellow pea color is dominant to green. A plant with smooth yellow peas is crossed to a plant with wrinkled green peas. The offspring produced peas that were all smooth and yellow. What are the genotypes of the parents? What are the genotypes of the offspring?arrow_forwardMore Crosses with Pea Plants: The Principle of Independent Assortment Two traits are examined simultaneously in a cross of two pure-breeding pea-plant varieties. Pod shape can be either swollen or pinched. Pea color can be either green or yellow. A plant with the traits swollen and green is crossed with a plant with the traits pinched and yellow, and a resulting F1 plant is self-crossed. A total of 640 F2 progeny are phenotypically categorized as follows: 360 swollen yellow 120 swollen green 120 pinched yellow 40 pinched green a. What is the phenotypic ratio observed for pod shape? Pea color? b. What is the phenotypic ratio observed for both traits considered together? c. What is the dominance relationship for pod shape? Pea color? d. Deduce the genotypes of the P1 and F1 generations.arrow_forward
- Chi-square Test In the pea plants use by Gregor Mendel in his study, the purple flower color is dominant over white,and the axial position on a branch is dominant over terminal. A plant believed to be heterozygouswas selfed and produced flowers with the following phenotypes: 23 white terminal68 white axial81 purple terminal187 purple axial a. assign alleles to the different traitspurple __________ axial ___________white ___________ terminal _______ b. refer to the image attachedarrow_forwardincomplete dominance What is the phenotype of the plant with RR genotype? What is the color of a plant with R'R' genotype? What is the color of a plant with genotype RR'? A pink-flowered snapdragon was crossed with a white-flowered snapdragon. What is the probability of producing a pink-flowered plant? What cross will produce the most pink-flowered plants?arrow_forwardMonohybrid Cross: 1) In dogs, wire hair (S) is dominant to smooth (s). a. In a cross between a homozygous wire-haired dog with a smooth haired dog what are the genotypes and phenotypes of the F1 generation? b. If a brother and sister from the F1 generation are crossed what is the expected ratio of wire-haired to smooth-haired dogs produced from this cross?arrow_forward
- Matings between horses with pale cream coat color (Cremello) to horses with Chestnut coat color produced exclusively progenies with an intermediate coat color (Palomino). If a Palomino horse breeder wanted to eradicate Cremello individuals both as parents and as offspring, but nonetheless wanted to obtain as many palominos as possible, what breeding method would you suggest that he follow?arrow_forwardTOPIC: Variations in Gene Expression In a cross involving polygenic inheritance, three (3) gene pairs control plant height. The shortest and tallest plants are 12 cm and 24 cm, respectively. What height should all F1s display if the shortest and tallest plants were crossed, assuming environmental factors are the samearrow_forward3)Mendel found that crossing wrinkle-seeded (rr) plants with homozygous round-seeded(RR) plants produced only round-seeded plants. What genotype ratio and phenotyperatio can be expected from a cross between a wrinkle-seeded plant and a heterozygousplant for this characteristic?arrow_forward
- Chi Squared Problems In the garden pea, yellow cotyledon color is dominant to green, and inflated pod shape is dominant to the constricted form. Considering both of these traits jointly in self-fertilized dihybrids, the progeny appeared in the following numbers: 193 green, inflated 184 yellow constricted 556 yellow, inflated 61 green, constricted Do these genes assort independently? Support your answer using Chi-square analysis. (SOLVE USING EXCEL)arrow_forwardNeep help ASAP. A red flowered plant was crossed with a blue flowered plant and produced all purple flowered plants. When the purple flowered plants were crossed with each other they produced 5 red plants, 5 blue plants, 20 deep purple plants, 20 light lilac plants, and 30 purple plants How many genes are involved in the color production? Assume that red color is caused by an A allele and blue color by a B allele and determine the likely genotype of the plants in the F2 generation.arrow_forwardIncomplete dominanceIn Mendel's experiments, if the gene for tall (T) plants was incompletely dominant overthe gene for short (t) plants, what would be the result of crossing two Tt plants? Explain result.arrow_forward
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