Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781319114671
Author: Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Question
Chapter 30, Problem 11P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The distance of transcription bubble on E.coli genes which are being transcribed at a maximal rate should be determined.
Concept introduction:
RNA synthesis (transcription) is the synthesis of an RNA molecule from the nucleotide’s adenine, cytosine, guanine, or uracil. The
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Question:-
Describe what a core promoter in and the different types. Describe the motifs that could be found in a core promoter and their proposed function?
Protein expression:
Given that we control the composition of the medium in which we grow our bacteria, are there any additional advantages of recombinant expression of proteins compared to using chemical synthesis?
Regulation of Genes and Their products
1. Given the following genotypes, explain how the mutation (identified by a (-) superscript) wil affect E. coll grown in lactose medium. Will the lac operon be on or off? Will there be a complete set of gene products from the lac operon? What will be the implication of the missing gene product, if ever? Will the cell be able to survive in the lactose medium or not?
a. I+p+o+z- y+
b. i- p+o+z+y+
c. i+p+o- z+y+
d. i+p- o+z+y+
2. In terms of the trp operon, differentiate between two normal bacterial cultures, one grown in a medium supplied with tryptophan and the other medium without tryptophan.
3. Experiments show that mutations at gene E lead to non-repressible transcription of trp genes. Why?
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- True or false?: The CTD is responsible for mRNA-processing steps that are specific for mRNA and not for other forms of RNA. Explain why you chose true or false.arrow_forwardNeed help. Contrast DNA replication with gene expression (transcription→translation)—when does each occur? What molecules are involved? How much of the DNA is utilized?arrow_forwardTrue/false? if false, justify brieflyBacterial operons gather open-reading-frames that are coupled for both transcription and translation.arrow_forward
- How many sites? A researcher has isolated a restriction endonuclease that cleaves at only one particular 10-base-pair site. Would this enzyme be useful in protecting cells from viral infections, given that a typical viral genome is 50,000 base pairs long? Explainarrow_forwardTranscription AttenuationHow would transcriptionof the E. coli trp operon be affected by the following manipulations of the leader region of the trp mRNA?(a) Increasing the distance (number of bases) betweenthe leader peptide gene and sequence 2(b) Increasing the distance between sequences 2 and 3(c) Removing sequence 4(d) Changing the two Trp codons in the leader peptidegene to His codons(e) Eliminating the ribosome-binding site for the genethat encodes the leader peptide(f) Changing several nucleotides in sequence 3 so thatit can base-pair with sequence 4 but not with sequence 2arrow_forwardINSTRUCTION: = IF BOTH STATEMENT ARE TRUE = IF FIRST STATEMENT IS TRUE WHILE SECOND STATEMENT IS FALSE = IF FIRST STATEMENT IS FALSE WHILE SECOND STATEMENT IS TRUE = IF BOTH STATEMENTS ARE FALSE STAMENT 1: RNA splicing is the step in post transcriptional processing where intervening sequences are removed STAMENT 2: 5’ to 3’ direction is the direction of growth of the peptide chain ANSWER: STAMENT 1: The enzyme that joins the gaps in newly synthesized DNA is called DNA polymerase STAMENT 2: The name of the compound formed when cytosine is bonded to ribose is cytidine ANSWER: STAMENT 1: Codon is a term that refers to the 3-nucleotide code for amino acids in mRNA STAMENT 2: Transition is a kind of mutation where a purine changes to another purine ANSWER:arrow_forward
- Question:- Which statement below about gene expression is TRUE? A. Transcription initiation begins when RNA polymerase bind to the transcription start site. B. RNA processing removes exons, adds a 3' cap, and adds and 5' tail. C. Translation terninates when a tRNA carrying methionine binds to a codon. D. The same amino acid may be encoded by multiple different 3-base codons.arrow_forwardQuestion:- Define the transcription unit. How does it differ from the gene? Describe how you would determine the 5' and 3' ends of a transcription unit in a genome browser.arrow_forwardYes or no? is siRNA result of activity of argonaut? Does RNAi result permanently heritable in expression of genes? Does northern blotting use to detect the expression of a transcription in multiple tissues?arrow_forward
- 23. gene amplification results in larger amounts of gene products true or falsearrow_forwardQ: on Transcription process Briefly describe the differences in the transcription and translation processes as they occur in prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells. Thank you very much for your help.arrow_forwardAlternative Splicing Possibilities Suppose exon 17 were deleted from the fast skeletal muscle troponin T gene (Figure 29.46). How many different mRNAs could now be generated by alternative splicing? Suppose that exon 7 in a wild-type troponin T gene were duplicated. How many different mRNAs might be generated from a transcript of this new gene by alternative splicing?arrow_forward
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