Chapter 33.1, Problem 4MI

Summary Introduction

To label:

The given structure of neuron.

Introduction:

The basic working unit found in the brain is the neuron. Neuron is the specialized cell that helps in the transmission of sensory information. These cells transport information to muscle, nerve cells, and glands.

Explanation of Solution

The labeled structure of neuron is as shown below:

  

Axon − It is also termed as nerve fiber. It is a long projection of a nerve cell found in vertebrates. It takes away action potentials from the cell body of neuron.

Cell body − The cell body comprises of cytoplasm and nucleus. From the cell body axon and dendrites are also extended.

Nucleus − It is an oval shaped structure found in the cell body of neuron. It comprises of chromosomes and nucleolus.

Dendrites − They are projections from cell body of neuron. They function to receive information in the form of signals from the other neurons.

Myelin sheath − It is the insulating layer found on the axon. It is made of protein and fats. The main aim of myelin sheath is to transmit electrical impulse quickly along the neuron.

Axon endings − The axon endings make synaptic connections with other neuron.