Fundamentals of Physics, Volume 1, Chapter 1-20
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781118233764
Author: David Halliday
Publisher: WILEY
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 40, Problem 61P
To determine
To calculate:
(a) the number of standing wave nodes along the laser axis.
(b) the amount Δf would the beam frequency have to shift to increase this number by one.
To show:
(c) that Δf is just the inverse of the travel time of laser light for one round trip back and forth along the laser axis.
(d) and then calculate the corresponding fractional frequency shift Δf/f.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
The active medium in a particular laser that generates laser light at a wavelength of 694 nm is 6.00 cm long and 1.00 cm in diameter. (a) Treat the medium as an optical resonance cavity analogous to a closed organ pipe. How many standing-wave nodes are there along the laser axis? (b) By what amount f would the beam frequency have to shift to increase this number by one? (c) Show that f is just the inverse of the travel time of laser light for one round trip back and forth along the laser axis. (d) What is the corresponding fractional frequency shift f /f ? The appropriate index of refraction of the lasing medium (a ruby crystal) is 1.75
each pulse produced by an argon-fluoride excimer laser used in PRK and LASIK ophthalmic surgery lasts only 10.0ns but delivers an energy of 2.50mJ. (a) what is the power produced during each pulse? (b) if the beam has a diameter of 0.850mm, what is the average instenisty of the beam during each pulse? (c) if the laser emits 55 pulses per second, what is the average power it generates?
A three level laser system emits a wavelength of 550 nm. What will be the ratio ofpopulation of upper level (N2) to lower level (N1) if the pumping mechanism is shut off(assume room temperature is 300 K). At what temperature one can achieve thepopulation ratio of ½ in this laser (K = 1.38 × 10-23 JK-1).
Chapter 40 Solutions
Fundamentals of Physics, Volume 1, Chapter 1-20
Ch. 40 - Prob. 1QCh. 40 - Prob. 2QCh. 40 - Prob. 3QCh. 40 - Prob. 4QCh. 40 - Prob. 5QCh. 40 - Prob. 6QCh. 40 - Prob. 7QCh. 40 - Figure 40-22 shows three points at which a spin-up...Ch. 40 - Prob. 9QCh. 40 - Prob. 10Q
Ch. 40 - Prob. 11QCh. 40 - Prob. 12QCh. 40 - Prob. 13QCh. 40 - Prob. 14QCh. 40 - Prob. 1PCh. 40 - Prob. 2PCh. 40 - Prob. 3PCh. 40 - Prob. 4PCh. 40 - Prob. 5PCh. 40 - Prob. 6PCh. 40 - Prob. 7PCh. 40 - Prob. 8PCh. 40 - Prob. 9PCh. 40 - Prob. 10PCh. 40 - Prob. 11PCh. 40 - Prob. 12PCh. 40 - SSM What is the acceleration of a silver atom as...Ch. 40 - Prob. 14PCh. 40 - Prob. 15PCh. 40 - Assume that in the SternGerlach experiment as...Ch. 40 - Prob. 17PCh. 40 - Prob. 18PCh. 40 - Prob. 19PCh. 40 - Prob. 20PCh. 40 - Prob. 21PCh. 40 - Prob. 22PCh. 40 - Prob. 23PCh. 40 - Prob. 24PCh. 40 - Prob. 25PCh. 40 - Prob. 26PCh. 40 - Prob. 27PCh. 40 - Show that the number of states with the same...Ch. 40 - Prob. 29PCh. 40 - For a helium atom in its ground state, what are...Ch. 40 - Prob. 31PCh. 40 - Prob. 32PCh. 40 - Prob. 33PCh. 40 - Prob. 34PCh. 40 - Prob. 35PCh. 40 - Prob. 36PCh. 40 - Prob. 37PCh. 40 - Prob. 38PCh. 40 - Prob. 39PCh. 40 - Prob. 40PCh. 40 - Prob. 41PCh. 40 - Prob. 42PCh. 40 - Prob. 43PCh. 40 - Prob. 44PCh. 40 - Prob. 45PCh. 40 - Prob. 46PCh. 40 - Prob. 47PCh. 40 - Prob. 48PCh. 40 - Prob. 49PCh. 40 - Prob. 50PCh. 40 - Prob. 51PCh. 40 - Prob. 52PCh. 40 - Prob. 53PCh. 40 - Prob. 54PCh. 40 - Prob. 55PCh. 40 - Prob. 56PCh. 40 - Prob. 57PCh. 40 - Prob. 58PCh. 40 - Prob. 59PCh. 40 - Prob. 60PCh. 40 - Prob. 61PCh. 40 - Prob. 62PCh. 40 - Prob. 63PCh. 40 - Prob. 64PCh. 40 - Prob. 65PCh. 40 - Prob. 66PCh. 40 - Prob. 67PCh. 40 - Prob. 68PCh. 40 - Prob. 69PCh. 40 - Prob. 70PCh. 40 - Prob. 71PCh. 40 - Prob. 72PCh. 40 - Prob. 73PCh. 40 - Prob. 74PCh. 40 - Prob. 75PCh. 40 - Prob. 76PCh. 40 - Prob. 77PCh. 40 - Prob. 78PCh. 40 - Prob. 79P
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- A laser used in eye surgery emits a 3.00 - mJ pulse in 1.00 ns, focused to a spot 30.0 mewm in diameter on the retina. (a) Find (in SI units) the power per unit area at the retina. (This quantity is called the irradiance.) (b) What energy is delivered per pulse to an area of molecular size (say, a circular area 0.600 nm in diameter)?arrow_forwardA GaAs DH injection laser (refractive index: 3.6) has an optical cavity of length 50 μm and width 20 μm. At normal operating temperature (300 K) the loss coefficient is 10 cm-1, the mirror reflectivity at each end of the optical cavity is 0.3 and the gain factor for the device is 3.76x10-2 cm/A. The device emits at a wavelength of 870 nm. 1.1 Calculate the frequency separation of the longitudinal modes and the number of longitudinal modes emitted by the device. 1.2 Determine the current threshold for the device at 300 K. 1.3 Determine the required threshold current when the diode is operated at a temperature of 60˚C.arrow_forwardA Q-Switched Nd:YAG laser with a wavelength of 1064 nm. Its active medium is a cylindrical solid of the length of 25 cm and a cross-sectional diameter of 5 cm and refractive index of (1.6). Assume the two mirrors of reflectivities of 90% & 100% are attached to the ends of the medium. If the peak density of the oscillated photons is 10 20 Find the output peak power?arrow_forward
- Compute λD and ND for the following cases: (a) A glow discharge, with n = 1016 m-3, KT, = 2 eV. (b) The earth's ionosphere, with n = 1012 m-3, KT, = 0.1 eV. (c) A ϴ-pinch, with n = 1023 rn-3, KT, = 800 eVarrow_forwardPotassium chloride is a crystal with lattice spacing of 0.314 nm. The first peak for Bragg diffraction is observed to occur at 12.8°. (a) What energy x rays were diffracted? (b) What other order peaks can be observed (0 ≤ 90°)?arrow_forwardAn interference filter is to be constructed for isolation of the nitrobenzene absorption band at 1537cm-1. a) If it is to be based on first-order interference, what should be the thickness of the dielectric layer(refractive index of 1.34)? b) What other wavelength would be transmitted?arrow_forward
- Suppose that an STM scans a surface at a distance of a = 1.500 nm. Take the height of the potential energy barrier to be U0 − E = 1.70 eV. If the distance between the surface and the STM tip decreases by (5.68x10^0)% estimate the percentage change in the tunneling current. (Here is how you should enter your answer: if the change is 5% write 5.00 and if 20.7% write 20.7 and so on)arrow_forwardAn active region is with cross section of 3.48 x 1019 cm and length about 7.3 cm, if you know the actual power of lamp is 60 W and total efficiency is 8.8%, calculate the pump rate and energy difference between the ground and top levels of laser system? The lamp wavelength is blue around 462 nm and the pumping is uniform.arrow_forwarda) Problem 9.6 of Textbook: If the spot size at the mirror of a helium-neon laser is 0.5mm, what is the length of the laser cavity? The cavity is of the confocal-type and the wavelength is 633nm. b) For a semiconductor laser diode, the output power is 2mW and 4.5mW when the diode drive (injected) current is 50mA and 55mA, respectively. What is the threshold current (ith) of this laser diode? 4.arrow_forward
- A collection of atoms has 20% of the sample in a state 4.7 eV above the ground state. If these emit coherent radiation, what is the wavelength of the laser light produced in nanometers? Please give your answer with no decimal places. (c = 3.00 × 108 m/s, h = 6.626 × 10-34 J ∙ s, 1 eV = 1.60 × 10-19 J)arrow_forwardA mid-infrared CO₂ laser emitting 10.6 μm light is based on the cavity below. (a) Find the location of the beam waist, the beam radius at the beam waist, and the beam radius at each of the two mirrors. (b) Determine the Q-factor and photon lifetime of the cavity R₁ = 5m R₂ = 5m 98% reflectivity d = 75 cm 80% reflectivityarrow_forwardAn infrared spectroscopy study of a diatomic molecule XY has given the following information: We = 2377.48 cm-'; weXe 96.22 cm-1; Be 1.9982 cm- and ae 0.0190 cm-1. (a) At what frequency (expressed in wavenumbers) would the highest energy line of the P-branch of the fundamental vibrational transition appear in the IR spectrum of the molecule? (a) At what frequency (expressed in wavenumbers) would the highest energy line of the P-branch of the first overtone vibrational transition appear in the IR spectrum of the molecule?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- University Physics Volume 3PhysicsISBN:9781938168185Author:William Moebs, Jeff SannyPublisher:OpenStax
University Physics Volume 3
Physics
ISBN:9781938168185
Author:William Moebs, Jeff Sanny
Publisher:OpenStax