The capability of the response of moths with disrupted tymbal organs to the evasive behaviors of bats. The importance of this parameter for the validity of given experiment. Given information: Researchers used tiger moths ( Bertholdia trigona ) to test whether ultrasonic clicks produced by unique tymbal organs located in the thorax of moths, jam the echolocation to avoid capture by bats. Bats are known to catch these moths by echolocation. Experiments were conducted on two groups of moths, out of which they punctured the tymbal organs of one group carrying 41 moths that makes moth unable to produce sounds (silenced) that can protect them from capture. The other group (38 moths) were kept normal with intact tymbal organs. They were released into the areas where bats were allowed to feed on them. The following tables show the results of this experiment. Figure 1(A) depicts the number of attacks on the bars when silenced or clicking moths exhibited a particular evasive behavior. There is clearly no difference between behaviors or between silenced moths and clicking moths. However, in Figure 1(B) , the number of captures that were made when silenced or clicking moths exhibited a particular evasive behavior is depicted that shows a huge difference between them. Figure 1: (A) number of attacks; (B) Number of captures in moths showing evasive behaviors. Introduction: Bats capture their prey moths by the mechanism of echolocation. They generate ultrasonic signals that strike on flying moths and echo back to the bat, signaling them to capture their prey. Moths have the ability to sense those ultrasonic signals with the help of tympana and exhibit some behaviors to prevent capture. Capture is prevented by changes in their flight, dives, and production of ultrasonic clicks.

Question

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 45, Problem 1Q

Summary Introduction

To analyze:

The capability of the response of moths with disrupted tymbal organs to the evasive behaviors of bats. The importance of this parameter for the validity of given experiment.

Given information:

Researchers used tiger moths (Bertholdia trigona) to test whether ultrasonic clicks produced by unique tymbal organs located in the thorax of moths, jam the echolocation to avoid capture by bats. Bats are known to catch these moths by echolocation.

Experiments were conducted on two groups of moths, out of which they punctured the tymbal organs of one group carrying 41 moths that makes moth unable to produce sounds (silenced) that can protect them from capture. The other group (38 moths) were kept normal with intact tymbal organs. They were released into the areas where bats were allowed to feed on them. The following tables show the results of this experiment.

Figure 1(A) depicts the number of attacks on the bars when silenced or clicking moths exhibited a particular evasive behavior. There is clearly no difference between behaviors or between silenced moths and clicking moths. However, in Figure 1(B), the number of captures that were made when silenced or clicking moths exhibited a particular evasive behavior is depicted that shows a huge difference between them.

Figure 1: (A) number of attacks; (B) Number of captures in moths showing evasive behaviors.

Introduction:

Bats capture their prey moths by the mechanism of echolocation. They generate ultrasonic signals that strike on flying moths and echo back to the bat, signaling them to capture their prey. Moths have the ability to sense those ultrasonic signals with the help of tympana and exhibit some behaviors to prevent capture. Capture is prevented by changes in their flight, dives, and production of ultrasonic clicks.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The evolution of certain mechanisms in the moths to prevent capture by prey includes the changes in their flight, dive, or by producing ultrasonic clicks. These ultrasonic clicks have echo jamming mechanisms and are produced by tymbal membranes of moths to protect them from being captured.

The data given in Figure 1(A) shows the number of moths that showed evasive behaviors when attacked. It was observed that both the silenced moths and clicked moths respond to the attack by the bats. The silenced moths do not lose its ability to respond and prevent capture by other mechanisms like changes in flight and diving mechanisms. This shows that silencing affects only the responses that are caused by tymbal membranes and moths respond to the ultrasonic waves of bats by showing evasive behaviors.

This is significant for validity of experiment to effectively test the hypothesis made by the researchers that the clicks served as the echolocation jammers.

Conclusion

Thus, moths in the given experiment with disrupted tymbal organ are capable of responding to the ultrasonic waves of the bats with evasive behavior. This indicates that even in the absence of tymbal organs moths prevent capture by other mechanisms.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Students have asked these similar questions

A study was done to see why crickets chirp and the reactions to stimulus that caused the audible sound to occur. Throughout the experiment they tested how a target (male) cricket interacts with different stimuli in the form of both male and female cricket. Their methods revolved around getting quantitive data on three separate behaviors that occurred in the target male: locomotion(any time the target did a continuous movement), contact(counted when the target touched a stimulus with any part of its body), and chirping(audible, chirp sound with leg or wing movement from the target). The target was rotated each test, so each data point came from a different cricket with the female stimulus, being the same each time, and their previous target becoming the male stimulus. They would place the two male crickets in the target bin and let them acclimate for two minutes before they began collecting data from the target for three minutes. Then the female stimulus was placed in the bin and left…

The sense of pain is transduces by tonic receptors. What adaptive significance might this have? Give typing answer with explanation and conclusion

Explain how ultrasonic detectors of certain nocturnal moths are adapted to help them escape an approaching bat

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 45, Problem 1Q

Summary Introduction

To analyze:

The capability of the response of moths with disrupted tymbal organs to the evasive behaviors of bats. The importance of this parameter for the validity of given experiment.

Given information:

Researchers used tiger moths (Bertholdia trigona) to test whether ultrasonic clicks produced by unique tymbal organs located in the thorax of moths, jam the echolocation to avoid capture by bats. Bats are known to catch these moths by echolocation.

Experiments were conducted on two groups of moths, out of which they punctured the tymbal organs of one group carrying 41 moths that makes moth unable to produce sounds (silenced) that can protect them from capture. The other group (38 moths) were kept normal with intact tymbal organs. They were released into the areas where bats were allowed to feed on them. The following tables show the results of this experiment.

Figure 1(A) depicts the number of attacks on the bars when silenced or clicking moths exhibited a particular evasive behavior. There is clearly no difference between behaviors or between silenced moths and clicking moths. However, in Figure 1(B), the number of captures that were made when silenced or clicking moths exhibited a particular evasive behavior is depicted that shows a huge difference between them.

Figure 1: (A) number of attacks; (B) Number of captures in moths showing evasive behaviors.

Introduction:

Bats capture their prey moths by the mechanism of echolocation. They generate ultrasonic signals that strike on flying moths and echo back to the bat, signaling them to capture their prey. Moths have the ability to sense those ultrasonic signals with the help of tympana and exhibit some behaviors to prevent capture. Capture is prevented by changes in their flight, dives, and production of ultrasonic clicks.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The evolution of certain mechanisms in the moths to prevent capture by prey includes the changes in their flight, dive, or by producing ultrasonic clicks. These ultrasonic clicks have echo jamming mechanisms and are produced by tymbal membranes of moths to protect them from being captured.

The data given in Figure 1(A) shows the number of moths that showed evasive behaviors when attacked. It was observed that both the silenced moths and clicked moths respond to the attack by the bats. The silenced moths do not lose its ability to respond and prevent capture by other mechanisms like changes in flight and diving mechanisms. This shows that silencing affects only the responses that are caused by tymbal membranes and moths respond to the ultrasonic waves of bats by showing evasive behaviors.

This is significant for validity of experiment to effectively test the hypothesis made by the researchers that the clicks served as the echolocation jammers.

Conclusion

Thus, moths in the given experiment with disrupted tymbal organ are capable of responding to the ultrasonic waves of the bats with evasive behavior. This indicates that even in the absence of tymbal organs moths prevent capture by other mechanisms.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 3

Question

Chapter 45, Problem 1Q

Summary Introduction

To analyze:

The capability of the response of moths with disrupted tymbal organs to the evasive behaviors of bats. The importance of this parameter for the validity of given experiment.

Given information:

Researchers used tiger moths (Bertholdia trigona) to test whether ultrasonic clicks produced by unique tymbal organs located in the thorax of moths, jam the echolocation to avoid capture by bats. Bats are known to catch these moths by echolocation.

Experiments were conducted on two groups of moths, out of which they punctured the tymbal organs of one group carrying 41 moths that makes moth unable to produce sounds (silenced) that can protect them from capture. The other group (38 moths) were kept normal with intact tymbal organs. They were released into the areas where bats were allowed to feed on them. The following tables show the results of this experiment.

Figure 1(A) depicts the number of attacks on the bars when silenced or clicking moths exhibited a particular evasive behavior. There is clearly no difference between behaviors or between silenced moths and clicking moths. However, in Figure 1(B), the number of captures that were made when silenced or clicking moths exhibited a particular evasive behavior is depicted that shows a huge difference between them.

Figure 1: (A) number of attacks; (B) Number of captures in moths showing evasive behaviors.

Introduction:

Bats capture their prey moths by the mechanism of echolocation. They generate ultrasonic signals that strike on flying moths and echo back to the bat, signaling them to capture their prey. Moths have the ability to sense those ultrasonic signals with the help of tympana and exhibit some behaviors to prevent capture. Capture is prevented by changes in their flight, dives, and production of ultrasonic clicks.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The evolution of certain mechanisms in the moths to prevent capture by prey includes the changes in their flight, dive, or by producing ultrasonic clicks. These ultrasonic clicks have echo jamming mechanisms and are produced by tymbal membranes of moths to protect them from being captured.

The data given in Figure 1(A) shows the number of moths that showed evasive behaviors when attacked. It was observed that both the silenced moths and clicked moths respond to the attack by the bats. The silenced moths do not lose its ability to respond and prevent capture by other mechanisms like changes in flight and diving mechanisms. This shows that silencing affects only the responses that are caused by tymbal membranes and moths respond to the ultrasonic waves of bats by showing evasive behaviors.

This is significant for validity of experiment to effectively test the hypothesis made by the researchers that the clicks served as the echolocation jammers.

Conclusion

Thus, moths in the given experiment with disrupted tymbal organ are capable of responding to the ultrasonic waves of the bats with evasive behavior. This indicates that even in the absence of tymbal organs moths prevent capture by other mechanisms.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 4

Question

Chapter 45, Problem 1Q

Summary Introduction

To analyze:

The capability of the response of moths with disrupted tymbal organs to the evasive behaviors of bats. The importance of this parameter for the validity of given experiment.

Given information:

Researchers used tiger moths (Bertholdia trigona) to test whether ultrasonic clicks produced by unique tymbal organs located in the thorax of moths, jam the echolocation to avoid capture by bats. Bats are known to catch these moths by echolocation.

Experiments were conducted on two groups of moths, out of which they punctured the tymbal organs of one group carrying 41 moths that makes moth unable to produce sounds (silenced) that can protect them from capture. The other group (38 moths) were kept normal with intact tymbal organs. They were released into the areas where bats were allowed to feed on them. The following tables show the results of this experiment.

Figure 1(A) depicts the number of attacks on the bars when silenced or clicking moths exhibited a particular evasive behavior. There is clearly no difference between behaviors or between silenced moths and clicking moths. However, in Figure 1(B), the number of captures that were made when silenced or clicking moths exhibited a particular evasive behavior is depicted that shows a huge difference between them.

Figure 1: (A) number of attacks; (B) Number of captures in moths showing evasive behaviors.

Introduction:

Bats capture their prey moths by the mechanism of echolocation. They generate ultrasonic signals that strike on flying moths and echo back to the bat, signaling them to capture their prey. Moths have the ability to sense those ultrasonic signals with the help of tympana and exhibit some behaviors to prevent capture. Capture is prevented by changes in their flight, dives, and production of ultrasonic clicks.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The evolution of certain mechanisms in the moths to prevent capture by prey includes the changes in their flight, dive, or by producing ultrasonic clicks. These ultrasonic clicks have echo jamming mechanisms and are produced by tymbal membranes of moths to protect them from being captured.

The data given in Figure 1(A) shows the number of moths that showed evasive behaviors when attacked. It was observed that both the silenced moths and clicked moths respond to the attack by the bats. The silenced moths do not lose its ability to respond and prevent capture by other mechanisms like changes in flight and diving mechanisms. This shows that silencing affects only the responses that are caused by tymbal membranes and moths respond to the ultrasonic waves of bats by showing evasive behaviors.

This is significant for validity of experiment to effectively test the hypothesis made by the researchers that the clicks served as the echolocation jammers.

Conclusion

Thus, moths in the given experiment with disrupted tymbal organ are capable of responding to the ultrasonic waves of the bats with evasive behavior. This indicates that even in the absence of tymbal organs moths prevent capture by other mechanisms.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 5

Chapter 45, Problem 1Q

Summary Introduction

To analyze:

The capability of the response of moths with disrupted tymbal organs to the evasive behaviors of bats. The importance of this parameter for the validity of given experiment.

Given information:

Researchers used tiger moths (Bertholdia trigona) to test whether ultrasonic clicks produced by unique tymbal organs located in the thorax of moths, jam the echolocation to avoid capture by bats. Bats are known to catch these moths by echolocation.

Experiments were conducted on two groups of moths, out of which they punctured the tymbal organs of one group carrying 41 moths that makes moth unable to produce sounds (silenced) that can protect them from capture. The other group (38 moths) were kept normal with intact tymbal organs. They were released into the areas where bats were allowed to feed on them. The following tables show the results of this experiment.

Figure 1(A) depicts the number of attacks on the bars when silenced or clicking moths exhibited a particular evasive behavior. There is clearly no difference between behaviors or between silenced moths and clicking moths. However, in Figure 1(B), the number of captures that were made when silenced or clicking moths exhibited a particular evasive behavior is depicted that shows a huge difference between them.

Figure 1: (A) number of attacks; (B) Number of captures in moths showing evasive behaviors.

Introduction:

Bats capture their prey moths by the mechanism of echolocation. They generate ultrasonic signals that strike on flying moths and echo back to the bat, signaling them to capture their prey. Moths have the ability to sense those ultrasonic signals with the help of tympana and exhibit some behaviors to prevent capture. Capture is prevented by changes in their flight, dives, and production of ultrasonic clicks.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The evolution of certain mechanisms in the moths to prevent capture by prey includes the changes in their flight, dive, or by producing ultrasonic clicks. These ultrasonic clicks have echo jamming mechanisms and are produced by tymbal membranes of moths to protect them from being captured.

The data given in Figure 1(A) shows the number of moths that showed evasive behaviors when attacked. It was observed that both the silenced moths and clicked moths respond to the attack by the bats. The silenced moths do not lose its ability to respond and prevent capture by other mechanisms like changes in flight and diving mechanisms. This shows that silencing affects only the responses that are caused by tymbal membranes and moths respond to the ultrasonic waves of bats by showing evasive behaviors.

This is significant for validity of experiment to effectively test the hypothesis made by the researchers that the clicks served as the echolocation jammers.

Conclusion

Thus, moths in the given experiment with disrupted tymbal organ are capable of responding to the ultrasonic waves of the bats with evasive behavior. This indicates that even in the absence of tymbal organs moths prevent capture by other mechanisms.

Answer 6

Chapter 45, Problem 1Q

Summary Introduction

To analyze:

The capability of the response of moths with disrupted tymbal organs to the evasive behaviors of bats. The importance of this parameter for the validity of given experiment.

Given information:

Researchers used tiger moths (Bertholdia trigona) to test whether ultrasonic clicks produced by unique tymbal organs located in the thorax of moths, jam the echolocation to avoid capture by bats. Bats are known to catch these moths by echolocation.

Experiments were conducted on two groups of moths, out of which they punctured the tymbal organs of one group carrying 41 moths that makes moth unable to produce sounds (silenced) that can protect them from capture. The other group (38 moths) were kept normal with intact tymbal organs. They were released into the areas where bats were allowed to feed on them. The following tables show the results of this experiment.

Figure 1(A) depicts the number of attacks on the bars when silenced or clicking moths exhibited a particular evasive behavior. There is clearly no difference between behaviors or between silenced moths and clicking moths. However, in Figure 1(B), the number of captures that were made when silenced or clicking moths exhibited a particular evasive behavior is depicted that shows a huge difference between them.

Figure 1: (A) number of attacks; (B) Number of captures in moths showing evasive behaviors.

Introduction:

Bats capture their prey moths by the mechanism of echolocation. They generate ultrasonic signals that strike on flying moths and echo back to the bat, signaling them to capture their prey. Moths have the ability to sense those ultrasonic signals with the help of tympana and exhibit some behaviors to prevent capture. Capture is prevented by changes in their flight, dives, and production of ultrasonic clicks.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The evolution of certain mechanisms in the moths to prevent capture by prey includes the changes in their flight, dive, or by producing ultrasonic clicks. These ultrasonic clicks have echo jamming mechanisms and are produced by tymbal membranes of moths to protect them from being captured.

The data given in Figure 1(A) shows the number of moths that showed evasive behaviors when attacked. It was observed that both the silenced moths and clicked moths respond to the attack by the bats. The silenced moths do not lose its ability to respond and prevent capture by other mechanisms like changes in flight and diving mechanisms. This shows that silencing affects only the responses that are caused by tymbal membranes and moths respond to the ultrasonic waves of bats by showing evasive behaviors.

This is significant for validity of experiment to effectively test the hypothesis made by the researchers that the clicks served as the echolocation jammers.

Conclusion

Thus, moths in the given experiment with disrupted tymbal organ are capable of responding to the ultrasonic waves of the bats with evasive behavior. This indicates that even in the absence of tymbal organs moths prevent capture by other mechanisms.

Answer 7

Chapter 45, Problem 1Q

Summary Introduction

To analyze:

The capability of the response of moths with disrupted tymbal organs to the evasive behaviors of bats. The importance of this parameter for the validity of given experiment.

Given information:

Researchers used tiger moths (Bertholdia trigona) to test whether ultrasonic clicks produced by unique tymbal organs located in the thorax of moths, jam the echolocation to avoid capture by bats. Bats are known to catch these moths by echolocation.

Experiments were conducted on two groups of moths, out of which they punctured the tymbal organs of one group carrying 41 moths that makes moth unable to produce sounds (silenced) that can protect them from capture. The other group (38 moths) were kept normal with intact tymbal organs. They were released into the areas where bats were allowed to feed on them. The following tables show the results of this experiment.

Figure 1(A) depicts the number of attacks on the bars when silenced or clicking moths exhibited a particular evasive behavior. There is clearly no difference between behaviors or between silenced moths and clicking moths. However, in Figure 1(B), the number of captures that were made when silenced or clicking moths exhibited a particular evasive behavior is depicted that shows a huge difference between them.

Figure 1: (A) number of attacks; (B) Number of captures in moths showing evasive behaviors.

Introduction:

Bats capture their prey moths by the mechanism of echolocation. They generate ultrasonic signals that strike on flying moths and echo back to the bat, signaling them to capture their prey. Moths have the ability to sense those ultrasonic signals with the help of tympana and exhibit some behaviors to prevent capture. Capture is prevented by changes in their flight, dives, and production of ultrasonic clicks.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The evolution of certain mechanisms in the moths to prevent capture by prey includes the changes in their flight, dive, or by producing ultrasonic clicks. These ultrasonic clicks have echo jamming mechanisms and are produced by tymbal membranes of moths to protect them from being captured.

The data given in Figure 1(A) shows the number of moths that showed evasive behaviors when attacked. It was observed that both the silenced moths and clicked moths respond to the attack by the bats. The silenced moths do not lose its ability to respond and prevent capture by other mechanisms like changes in flight and diving mechanisms. This shows that silencing affects only the responses that are caused by tymbal membranes and moths respond to the ultrasonic waves of bats by showing evasive behaviors.

This is significant for validity of experiment to effectively test the hypothesis made by the researchers that the clicks served as the echolocation jammers.

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Conclusion

Thus, moths in the given experiment with disrupted tymbal organ are capable of responding to the ultrasonic waves of the bats with evasive behavior. This indicates that even in the absence of tymbal organs moths prevent capture by other mechanisms.

Answer 12

Ch. 45.1 - Prob. 1R Ch. 45.1 - Prob. 2R Ch. 45.1 - Prob. 3R Ch. 45.1 - Prob. 4R Ch. 45.2 - Prob. 1R Ch. 45.2 - Prob. 2R Ch. 45.2 - Prob. 3R Ch. 45.2 - Prob. 4R Ch. 45.3 - Prob. 1R Ch. 45.3 - Prob. 2R

Concept explainers

Videos

Explanation of Solution

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Chapter 45 Solutions