Life: The Science of Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319010164
Author: David E. Sadava, David M. Hillis, H. Craig Heller, Sally D. Hacker
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Question
Chapter 45.1, Problem 4R
Summary Introduction
To review:
The importance of adaptation in different sensory modalities.
Introduction:
The sensory receptors of the individual activate when they come in contact with any stimulus. Their stimulation causes the body to respond to the stimulus by various mechanisms. However, when the body is stimulated repeatedly by the same stimulus, sensory receptors start producing a weak or diminished response. Due to a weaker response, the individual is capable of only detecting the new changes or information and is able to ignore the conditions that have remained constant. This process of minimizing its response to repeated stimulation is called adaptation.
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Why are the neurons in the earlier stages of the sensory pathways necessary for perception?
The sensory systems are complex and have the amazing ability to respond to different types of environmental stimuli. What is one aspect of the sensory systems we have looked at (gustatory, olfactory, or visual) that you found particularly interesting and would like to know more about?
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Chapter 45 Solutions
Life: The Science of Biology
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- Name six categories of sensory receptors and the type of stimulus that each type detects.arrow_forwardMatch each of the following terms with the appropriate description. _____ somatic senses (general senses)a.produced by strong stimulation _____ special sensesb.endings of sensory neurons or specialized cells next to them _____ variations in stimulus intensity _____ action potentialc.taste, smell, hearing, balance, and vision _____ sensory receptord.frequency and number of action potentials e.touch, pressure, temperature, pain, and muscle sensearrow_forward___ is defined as a decrease in the response to an ongoing stimulus. a. Perception b. Visual accommodation c. Sensory adaptiltion d. Somatic sensationarrow_forward
- How do somatic sensations differ from special senses?arrow_forwardHow does the eye focus the light rays of an image? What do nearsighted and farsighted mean?arrow_forwardWhich of the special senses is based on the following events? Membrane vibrations cause fluid movements, which lead to bending of mechanoreceptors and firing of action potentials. a. taste b. smell c. hearing d. visionarrow_forward
- Awareness of a stimulus is called a ________.arrow_forwardLarry goes to the doctor complaining that he cant see the right side of the visual field with either eye. Where in the visual signal-processing pathway is Larrys problem occurring?arrow_forwardDescribe the functions of all sensory systems or the steps involved in detecting sensory stimuli.arrow_forward
- What is the role of transduction in the sensory system? How doestransduction occur for each of the senses described in this chapter?arrow_forwardExplain the significance of sensory transduction and sensory adaptation.arrow_forwardIn the process of sensory coding Recruitment of additional neurons occurs with a weak stimulus in order to make the stimulus stronger. The larger the receptive field of a sensory receptor, the greater the expected acuity and the more accurate the two-point discrimination. Lateral inhibition of neighboring receptors resulting in a relative reduction of action potentials in the neighboring second order neurons would be expected to increase acuity. A receptor potential that remains suprathreshold into the absolute refractory period will result in additional action potentials.arrow_forward
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