Principles of Biology
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781259875120
Author: Robert Brooker, Eric P. Widmaier Dr., Linda Graham Dr. Ph.D., Peter Stiling Dr. Ph.D.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 5.4, Problem 2TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The Na+/K+ pump involves direct contact of all the three sodium ions with the allosteric protein. There is no dependency on other factors to start the process. Once the sodium ions bind to the protein, a direct active transport method starts.
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What is the advantage of using ATP as a common energy source?Another way of asking this question is, “Why does ATP provide anadvantage over using a bunch of different food molecules?” For example,instead of just having a Na+/K+-ATPase in a cell, why not have manydifferent ion pumps, each driven by a different food molecule, like aNa+/K+-glucosase (a pump that uses glucose), a Na+/K+-sucrase (a pumpthat uses sucrose), a Na+/K+-fatty acidase (a pump that uses fatty acids),and so on?
A cell uses ATP to carry energy, which is released as needed to drive chemical reactions and work.
A mutation is found that prevents #2 but not #1. Which of the following is the best hypothesis for which protein is mutated?
ATP cannot be synthesized from ADP and Pἰ due to a mutation in ATP synthase.
Covalently bound Pἰ cannot be removed from molecules due to a mutation in phosphatase.
Non-covalently bound ATP cannot be split into ADP and Pἰ due to a mutation in ATP hydrolase.
ATP cannot bind covalently to molecules and split into a bound Pἰ and free-floating ADP due to a mutation in a kinase.
A common metabolic strategy is the lack of reactivity—that is, the slowness to react— of compounds whose breakdown is exergonic. For example, hydrolysis of ATP to ADP or adenosine monophosphate (AMP) is exergonic but does not take place without an appropriate enzyme present. Why would the cell use this metabolic strategy?
Chapter 5 Solutions
Principles of Biology
Ch. 5.1 - Which of the following is not a characteristic of...Ch. 5.1 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 5.2 - In an animal cell, how can changes in lipid...Ch. 5.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 5.2 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 5.2 - Which of the following changes would make a...Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 1BCCh. 5.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 5.3 - Prob. 2BCCh. 5.3 - Prob. 2CC
Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 5.3 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 5.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 5.4 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 5.4 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 5.5 - Prob. 1BCCh. 5.5 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 5.6 - Prob. 1CCCh. 5.6 - A form of endocytosis that involves the formation...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 1CCCh. 5.7 - Prob. 2CCCh. 5.7 - Prob. 1BCCh. 5.7 - Anchoring junctions that adhere adjacent animal...Ch. 5 - Which of the following statements best describes...Ch. 5 - Which of the following events in a biological...Ch. 5 - Prob. 3TYCh. 5 - Carbohydrates of the plasma membrane are bonded to...Ch. 5 - Which of the following movements would not be an...Ch. 5 - Prob. 6TYCh. 5 - Prob. 7TYCh. 5 - What features of a membrane are a major...Ch. 5 - Prob. 9TYCh. 5 - Large particles can be brought into the cell by...Ch. 5 - With your textbook closed, draw and describe the...Ch. 5 - Describe two different ways that integral membrane...Ch. 5 - A principle of biology is that living organisms...Ch. 5 - Prob. 1CBQCh. 5 - With regard to bringing solutes into the cell...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- This graph shows the electrical charges of the cytosol at one spot along an axon or muscle cell. a) Even though the charges are the same at steps 3 and 6, explain the situation with the ions on either side of the membrane. I am not looking for a vocabulary term here, just a simple explanation in normal words. b) At step 6, this spot in the cell is not ready to conduct another action potential/impulse. What has to happen to get it ready again- and how is this done?arrow_forwardRegarding the sodium potassium pump, I am confused which enzymes are involved in the addition of the phosphate group onto the protein to change the conformation. Is it only kinases or kinases AND ATPases? I was under the impression that kinases add organic phosphates onto molecules, while ATPases cleave ATP into ADP and a phosphate group. Would ATPase need to split the ATP molecule before the kinase can transfer the phosphate group onto the sodium potassium pump?arrow_forwardSecondary active transport … A. Moves a molecule against its chemical gradient but with its concentration gradient. B. Moves a molecule against its concentration gradient but with its chemical gradient. C. Uses ATP to directly move molecules against their electrochemical gradient. D. Uses an electrochemical gradient of one molecule to power movement of a different molecule against its electrochemical gradient.arrow_forward
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- If you start with 100 mM Na+ and 100 mM K+ outside the liposomes, and 100 mM Na+ and 100 mM K+ inside the liposomes like in (A), then you add ATP to the solution outside the liposomes, then how will the Na+ and K+ concentrations change?arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is most correct? The electron transport chain - A: generates a pH gradient that reduces O2 to H2O B: generates a proton gradient across the outer mito membrane C: generates a proton gradient across the inner mito membrane D: uses the energy stored in high energy electron carriers to synthesize ATP E: establishes a membrane potential across the outer mito membranearrow_forwardWhich conformation of the F1 subunit of ATP Synthase releases ATP? A. αΒ-ADP B. αΒ-ATP C. αΒ-Empty D. None of the abovearrow_forward
- In an adipose cell, after being synthesized by the ribosomes and the rough endoplasmic reticulum a protein involved in hydrolysis of lipid could be transported to the: a) mitochondrion, b) smooth endoplasmic reticulum, c) Golgi apparatus, d) Chloroplasts, e) nucleusarrow_forwardWhat would likely happen in a cell if the ratio of ATP to ADP were to become 1:1?arrow_forwarda protein cluster, found in the inner membrane of mitochondria that uses the energy of a hydrogen ion concentration gradient to make ADP from ATP is called what?arrow_forward
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