Principles of Biology
Principles of Biology
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781259875120
Author: Robert Brooker, Eric P. Widmaier Dr., Linda Graham Dr. Ph.D., Peter Stiling Dr. Ph.D.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 5.4, Problem 2TYK
Summary Introduction

Introduction:

The Na+/K+ pump involves direct contact of all the three sodium ions with the allosteric protein. There is no dependency on other factors to start the process. Once the sodium ions bind to the protein, a direct active transport method starts.

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What is the advantage of using ATP as a common energy source?Another way of asking this question is, “Why does ATP provide anadvantage over using a bunch of different food molecules?” For example,instead of just having a Na+/K+-ATPase in a cell, why not have manydifferent ion pumps, each driven by a different food molecule, like aNa+/K+-glucosase (a pump that uses glucose), a Na+/K+-sucrase (a pumpthat uses sucrose), a Na+/K+-fatty acidase (a pump that uses fatty acids),and so on?
A cell uses ATP to carry energy, which is released as needed to drive chemical reactions and work.   A mutation is found that prevents #2 but not #1. Which of the following is the best hypothesis for which protein is mutated? ATP cannot be synthesized from ADP and Pἰ due to a mutation in ATP synthase. Covalently bound Pἰ cannot be removed from molecules due to a mutation in phosphatase. Non-covalently bound ATP cannot be split into ADP and Pἰ due to a mutation in ATP hydrolase. ATP cannot bind covalently to molecules and split into a bound Pἰ and free-floating ADP due to a mutation in a kinase.
A common metabolic strategy is the lack of reactivity—that is, the slowness to react— of compounds whose breakdown is exergonic. For example, hydrolysis of ATP to ADP or adenosine monophosphate (AMP) is exergonic but does not take place without an appropriate enzyme present. Why would the cell use this metabolic strategy?
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