Chapter 7, Problem 9STP

Summary Introduction

To organize:

A flowchart about cell organelles that are involved in the protein synthesis.

Introduction:

Protein synthesis is the process in which cells make proteins. It occurs in two stages: transcription and translation. Transcription is the transfer of genetic instructions in DNA to mRNA in the nucleus and translation occurs on the ribosomes. The ribosomes are located on the endoplasmic reticulum.

Explanation of Solution

1. Nucleus: DNA is the genetic material and it contains the genetic information needed for coding of amino acids.
2. Ribosomes move to the cytoplasm where some ribosomes are attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum called RER (rough endoplasmic reticulum).
3. Ribosomes: The site of protein synthesis.
4. Golgi apparatus: Proteins travel from rough endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi apparatus to make modifications and collect protein inside vesicles. The vesicles detached from Golgi apparatus and sent to other organelles or sent outside the cell for other cells.

Flowchart:

  

Conclusion

The process making proteins in the cell is called protein synthesis. It occurs in two stages: transcription and translation. Transcription occurs in the nucleus and translation of protein occurs in ribosomes and modification newly formed protein