Chromatography- Analyzing Analgesics by TLC and Isolation of B-Carotene by Column Chromatography

Explain the following Chromatography (for drug analysis) Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) Gas chromatography (GC) Liquid chromatography (LC) (i.e, high performance liquid chromatography or HPLC)

2. Consider the following example GC Chromatogram from a publication about aggression among Mediterranean Acrobat Ants (C. scutellaris). This particular sample was generated by rinsing hydrocarbons from ant exoskeletons. From the chromatogram, what is the minimum number of unique compunds present in the sample? What data led you to that conclusion? (Don't overthink it) 2 8000000 7000000 6000000 5000000 4000000 3000000 2000000 1000000 Counts (Abundance) 5 19 6 7 0 23.00 24.00 10 | 11 13 17 20 14 15 16 12 teel | 22 19 21 ли 25.00 26.00 27.00 Time "Example of a Gas chromatography-Mass spectrography (GS-MS) chromatogram of hydrocarbon molecules in C. scutellaris" by Filippo Frizzi, et.al, in PLoS One is licensed under CC BY 4.0

Analysis of pure molecules either heterogenous mixture or analysis of pure molecules neither heterogenous mixture nor analysis of pure molecules heterogenous mixture

For part B, it is not 4.98 x 10-41. I put it in and it was wrong. It is looking for P1.

Separate a mixture of Vitamin D and Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) by paper chromatography. The stationary phase is methanol (CH;OH) and the mobile phase is pentane (C;H12). Place the vitamins in order of elution. Explain why using IMF. (Circle polar sites on each molecule and label all 4 molecules as polar or non-polar.) Vitamin B2 ö: డ H3C NH H;C CH3 CH3 CH3 H3C He H3C HO .. He CH2 Vitamin D He CH2OH HO

Separate a mixture of Vitamin D and Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) by paper chromatography. The stationary phase is methanol (CH;OH) and the mobile phase is pentane (C;H12). Place the vitamins in order of elution. Explain why using IMF. (Circle polar sites on each molecule and label all 4 molecules as polar or non-polar.) Vitamin Ba 0: H3C NH H3C CH3 CH3 CH3 H3C He H3C HO CH2 Vitamin D He CH2OH HO

Please choose an appropriate technique(s) to separate following compounds (it can be one, more than one, on none): Compound Melting Point Density Boiling Point Molar mass Phenol 40.5°C 1.07 g/cm 181.7°C 94.113 g/mol Toluene -95 °C 0.87 g/mL 111 °C 92.141 g/mol Simple Filtration Column Chromatography Distilation Crystallization/Re-Crystallization Separatory funnel None www. MacBook Air

A student performed chromatography on a mixture of benzoic acid (C6H5CO₂H), acetophenone (C6H5C(O)CH3) and styrene (C6H5CHCH₂). She used alumina (Al₂O3) as the stationary phase and a 9 : 1 mixture of hexane : ethyl ethanoate as the mobile phase. Rank the order in which the compounds moved, from fastest to slowest. benzoic acid acetophenone styrene

Which one is the most common method used for the purification of liquid mixtures? Filtration Chromatography Evaporation Distillation

Separate a mixture of Vitamin D and Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) by paper chromatography. The stationary phase is methanol (CH;OH) and the mobile phase is pentane (C3H12). Place the vitamins in order of elution. Explain why using IMF. (Circle polar sites on each molecule and label all 4 molecules as polar or non-polar.) Vitamin B2 H,C. H;C CH3 NH CH, CH3 H,C H- H3C HO- CH2 He Vitamin D He HO CH2OH :애: :애: :애:

Can paper chromatography be used to separate and identify very volatile substances? Why? Please explain comprehensively.

Gas Chromatography (GC) is one of the useful techniques in analytical chemistry. Give two important components in GC.

Consider the following molecules. Which statement(s) is TRUE? CH3 CH3 но ČH3 но ČD3 i. You could differentiate between the two with a spot test. ii. You could differentiate between the two with liquid chromatography. iii. You could differentiate between the two with TLC. iv. You could differentiate between the two with a microcrystalline test. O a. i and iv only O b. ii and iii only O c. iii only O d. i only e. Neither i, ii, iii, nor iv are correct statements.

19. What is thin layer chromatography (TLC) LEAST useful for from the list below? A) To determine if crystallization or distillation may be more effective for a separation B) To determine the number of components in a mixture C) To determine the appropriate solvent for column- chromatographic separation D) To monitor the progress of an organic synthesis reaction 14. The solubility of salicylic acid in water is 7.8g/100ml at 100°C and 0.25g/100ml at 25°. Estimate how much water is needed to recrystallize a 19g sample of salicylic acid? A) 150ml B) 250ml C) 300ml D) 400ml

Why chromatography is an important tool for analysis of organic compounds?

1. The mobile phase in the TLC simulator uses a mixture of the organic compounds: ethyl acetate and hexane. For each compound: circle the polar and nonpolar regions of the molecule, then label each region with the type of attractive force it could use to interact with neighboring molecules. ethyl acetate H :0: Η Η +4 Η H- H Η hexane H- Η Η Η Η Η Η C -C-H H H H H H H

1. In thin layer chromatography (TLC), explain how the pigments separate on a piece of paper. 2. If the spots are colorless on a TLC plate, how can you make it visible? Enumerate 2 ways and discuss each.

Unknown Mixture #1 Unknown Mixture #2 Sample caffeine ibuprofen aspirin acetaminoph en Distance to solvent front 14,70 cm 14,70cm 14.70cm1u.70 cm 1나,구 cm |14.구0cm 5. 70 cm 11.90 cm I.85cm Distance Spot(s) traveled 175 cm 13.75cm 11.9 5 cm 6.4 0 cm 13,75 cm 13.75 cm 38 78 1908 .8095 Calculated R:(s) 119 ,9354 812 9 43 S .9354 9354 #1:Aspirin an d lbuprofen Components of Unknowns #2: Ace taminophen, aspirin an d ibu profen D. Additional Exercises 1. Which of the substances tested is most polar? What parts of the structure of this substance is polar? The Sul 2. Which of the substance tested is most non-polar? What parts of the structure of this substance in non-polar?

How else can chromatography be used?   None of these answers are correct.   To wash (or remove) unwanted solvents from a mixture.   To identify or exclude components in a mixture.   To generate IUPAC names for hydrocarbons.

Use a suitable model to explain how separation and identification of a mixture of organic compounds can be achieved with a thin layer chromatographic (TLC) technique.

An enzymatic method for determining alcohol in the wine is evaluated by comparison with a gas-chromatography (GC) method. The same sample is analyzed several times by both methods with the following results (% ethanol). The values of alcohol for both enzymatic and GC methods are shown in Table 1. Using a suitable test, determine whether the enzymatic method gives the same value as the GC method at 95% confidence level.

Chromatography (DRUG TEST) Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) Gas chromatography (GC) Liquid chromatography (LC) (i.e, high performance liquid chromatography or HPLC)

Absorbance (arb.units) SA 8.3 B-Carotene Calibration Curve 2004 65,03UM 3.26 mM 5,06 nM y=(105612 Mx-0.1736 2.94 M 4304 1064 ENY 181 121 Concentration (M) 1004 5 Abserbence (arb.units) 200 0.25 300 A student creates a standard curve of B-Carotene and plots the line of best fit. They then measure the absorbance of a solution of B-Carotene with an unknown concentration. What is the concentration of the sample? You can assume they used a cuvette with a pathlength of 1 cm. 400 500 600 Wavelength (nm) YOU

In normal-phase HPLC chromatography, the stationary phase is polar and the mobile phase is nonpolar. In the reversed phase we have just the opposite; the stationary phase is nonpolar and the mobile phase is polar. Describe molecules in which move faster or slower in each case.

What are the differences between a simple distillation and steam distillation?