The change in the composition of the mixture of pentane and decane left in an open beaker overnight is to be determined. Concept Introduction: The boiling point of a substance depends upon the intermolecular forces and the thermal energy of the molecules. All atoms and molecules possess dispersion forces which depend upon their molar mass. Polar molecules have dipole forces between them which depend upon the polarity of the molecules. Molecules which have a lower boiling point vaporize easily and form what are known as volatile liquids.

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2. Soap can be made using a variety of different fats, oils and bases. Suppose a student wanted to make a soft, liquid soap that lathers easily. What type(s) of fat/oil and base would you recommend? How would this differ from making a solid bar of soap? 3. Vegetable oils are typically liquid at room temperature, yet Crisco (which is made of vegetable oil) is solid at room temperature. Explain why/how this is the case. 4. Explain, with the use of a diagram how soap molecules work to clean “dirt” particles. 5. Amylase is a natural enzyme found in saliva. Describe this enzyme’s function. 6. Lactose is a sugar found in milk and other dairy products. Explain how it is broken down in most individuals. Explain lactose “intolerance”.

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Question

Chapter 12, Problem 3SC

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The change in the composition of the mixture of pentane and decane left in an open beaker overnight is to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

The boiling point of a substance depends upon the intermolecular forces and the thermal energy of the molecules.

All atoms and molecules possess dispersion forces which depend upon their molar mass.

Polar molecules have dipole forces between them which depend upon the polarity of the molecules.

Molecules which have a lower boiling point vaporize easily and form what are known as volatile liquids.

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