Interpretation: The difference between the terms ‘
Concept introduction: When the equilibrium constant is expressed in terms of concentration, it is represented as
To determine: The difference between the terms ‘
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Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach
- What is Le Chteliers principle? Consider the reaction 2NOCI(g)2NO(g)+Cl2(g) If this reaction is at equilibrium. what happens when the following changes occur? a. NOCI(g) is added. b. NO(g) is added. c. NOCI(g) is removed. d. Cl2(g) is removed. e. The container volume is decreased. For each of these changes, what happens to the value of K for the reaction as equilibrium is reached again? Give an example of a reaction for which the addition or removal of one of the reactants or products has no effect on the equilibrium position. In general, how will the equilibrium position of a gas-phase reaction be affected if the volume of the reaction vessel changes? Are there reactions that will not have their equilibria shifted by a change in volume? Explain. Why does changing the pressure in a rigid container by adding an inert gas not shift the equilibrium position for a gas-phase reaction?arrow_forwardConsider the system 4 NH3(g) + 3 O2(g) ⇌ 2 N2(g) + 6 H20(ℓ) ΔrH° = −1530.4 kJ/mol How will the amount of ammonia at equilibrium be affected by removing O2(g) without changing the total gas volume? adding N2(g) without changing the total gas volume? adding water without changing the total gas volume? expanding the container? increasing the temperature? Which of these changes (i to v) increases the value of K? Which decreases it?arrow_forwardThe reaction, 3 H2(g) + N2(g) (g), has the fol lowing equilibrium constants at the temperatures given: atT=25°C,K= 2.8 X 104 at T = 500°C, A = 2.4 X IO"7 At which temperature are reactants favored? At which temperature are products favored? YVhat can you say about the reaction if the equilibrium constant is 1.2 at 127°C?arrow_forward
- Consider the system 4NH3(g)+3O2(g)2N2(g)+6H2O(l)H=1530.4kJ (a) How will the amount of ammonia at equilibrium be affected by 1. removing O2(g)? 2. adding N2(g)? 3. adding water? 4. expanding the container at constant pressure? 5. increasing the temperature? (b) Which of the above factors will increase the value of K? Which will decrease it?arrow_forwardRed phosphorus is formed by heating white phosphorus. Calculate the temperature at which the two forms are at equilibrium, given white P: H f =0.00 kJ/mol; S =41.09 J/mol K red P: H f =17.6 kJ/mol; S =22.80 J/mol Karrow_forwardConsider the system 4NH3(g)+3O2(g)2N2(g)+6H2O(l)H=1530.4kJ (a) How will the concentration of ammonia at equilibrium be affected by (1) removing O2(g)? (2) adding N2(g)? (3) adding water? (4) expanding the container? (5) increasing the temperature? (b) Which of the above factors will increase the value of K? Which will decrease it?arrow_forward
- For the reactionH2(g)+I2(g)2HI(g), consider two possibilities: (a) you mix 0.5 mole of each reactant. allow the system to come to equilibrium, and then add another mole of H2 and allow the system to reach equilibrium again. or (b) you mix 1.5 moles of H2 and 0.5 mole of I2 and allow the system to reach equilibrium. Will the final equilibrium mixture be different for the two procedures? Explain.arrow_forwardHydrogen and carbon dioxide react at a high temperature to give water and carbon monoxide. H2(g) + CO2(g) H2O(g) + CO(g) (a) Laboratory measurements at 986 C show that there are 0.11 mol each of CO and H2O vapor and 0.087 mol each of H2 and CO2 at equilibrium in a 50.0-L container. Calculate the equilibrium constant for the reaction at 986 C. (b) Suppose 0.010 mol each of H2 and CO2 are placed in a 200.0-L container. When equilibrium is achieved at 986 C, what amounts of CO(g) and H2O(g), in moles, would be present? [Use the value of Kc from part (a).]arrow_forwardConsider the equation G = G + RT ln(Q). What is the value of G for a reaction at equilibrium? What does Q equal at equilibrium? At equilibrium, the previous equation reduces to G = RT ln(K). When G 0, what does it indicate about K? When G 0, what does it indicate about K? When t G = 0, what does it indicate about K? G predicts spontaneity for a reaction, whereas G predicts the equilibrium position. Explain what this statement means. Under what conditions can you use G to determine the spontaneity of a reaction?arrow_forward
- Consider the reaction Fe3+(aq)+SCN(aq)FeSCN2+(aq) How will the equilibrium position shift if a. water is added, doubling the volume? b. AgNO3(aq) is added? (AgSCN is insoluble.) c. NaOH(aq) is added? [Fe(OH)3 is insoluble.] d. Fe(NO3)3(aq) is added?arrow_forwardKc at 137 C is 4.42 for NO(g) + 12 Br2(g) NOBr(g) Calculate Kc at 137 C for 2NOBr(g) 2NO(g) + Br2(g)arrow_forward
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