Given the following descriptions of reversible reactions, write a balanced equation (smallest whole-number coefficients) and the equilibrium constant expression for each.

(a) Nickel metal reacts with carbon monoxide to form nickel tetracarbonyl (Ni(CO)₄) gas.

(b) Aqueous nitrous acid in equilibrium with hydrogen and nitrite ions.

(c) Chlorine gas and bromide ions in equilibrium with liquid bromine and chloride ions.

(a)

Interpretation:

A balanced chemical equation for the given description and the equilibrium constant for the expression should be determined.

Concept introduction:

For a general equilibrium reaction as follows:

aA+bB⇌cC+dD

The expression for equilibrium constant of a reaction can be calculated as follows:

K=[C]c[D]d[A]a[B]b

Here, A and B are reactants with stoichiometric coefficient a and b respectively. Similarly, C and D are products with stoichiometric coefficient c and d respectively

In the expression for equilibrium constant, the species in pure solid and liquid state are not written as equilibrium constant does not depend on them.

According to the given description, the reaction of nickel metal Ni(s) and carbon monoxide CO(g) results in the formation of nickel tetracarbonyl gas Ni(CO)4(g).

The reaction can be written as follows:

Ni(s)+CO(g)⇌Ni(CO)4(g)

Give coefficient 4 to CO to balance the number of carbon and oxygen atoms

(b)

Interpretation:

A balanced chemical equation for the given description and the equilibrium constant for the expression should be determined.

Concept introduction:

For a general equilibrium reaction as follows:

aA+bB⇌cC+dD

The expression for equilibrium constant of a reaction can be calculated as follows:

K=[C]c[D]d[A]a[B]b

Here, A and B are reactants with stoichiometric coefficient a and b respectively. Similarly, C and D are products with stoichiometric coefficient c and d respectively

In the expression for equilibrium constant, the species in pure solid and liquid state are not written as equilibrium constant does not depend on them.

(c)

Interpretation:

A balanced chemical equation for the given description and the equilibrium constant for the expression should be determined.

Concept introduction:

For a general equilibrium reaction as follows:

aA+bB⇌cC+dD

The expression for equilibrium constant of a reaction can be calculated as follows:

K=[C]c[D]d[A]a[B]b

Here, A and B are reactants with stoichiometric coefficient a and b respectively. Similarly, C and D are products with stoichiometric coefficient c and d respectively

In the expression for equilibrium constant, the species in pure solid and liquid state are not written as equilibrium constant does not depend on them.