Microbiology: An Evolving Science (Fourth Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780393615098
Author: John W. Foster, Joan L. Slonczewski
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
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Chapter 12.4, Problem 2TQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
The recovery of the gene following phage display gene and the expression as well as the purification of the protein product.
Introduction:
The technique in which DNA(deoxyribonucleic acid) sequences that encode non-phage peptides are cloned into phage capsid genes is called phage display. The synthesis of thesepeptides occur as a part of the production of the capsid protein and then are displayed on the surface of the phage. The DNA sequence can code for any product according to the requirement.Using this technique, peptide variants with altered properties can be screened.
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Students have asked these similar questions
In Hershey-Chase experiment, bacteriophages protein coats were tagged with radioactive isotope S-32. These phages were used to infect E. coli cells and the cells were further centrifuged to form pellets.
Why was the radioactivity level of S-32 found greater outside the cells compared to the E. coli cell pellets? Explain briefly.
If the experiment is repeated in the same manner but this time the phage protein coats are labelled with isotope X and the phage DNA with isotope Y, which isotope’s radioactivity will be found in greater amounts in the E. coli cell pellets after centrifugation? Explain briefly.
What is the toxin produced by E. coli O157:H7 that was encode by phage as a consequence of lysogenic conversion? Explain the medical importance.
After a phage injects its DNA into a bacterial cell, the cell begins making proteins that make up the phage coat. Why does the same thing not happen when a generalized transducing particle injects the DNA it carries?
Chapter 12 Solutions
Microbiology: An Evolving Science (Fourth Edition)
Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 1TQCh. 12.1 - Prob. 2TQCh. 12.1 - Prob. 3TQCh. 12.1 - Prob. 4TQCh. 12.2 - Prob. 1TQCh. 12.2 - Prob. 2TQCh. 12.2 - Prob. 3TQCh. 12.3 - Prob. 1TQCh. 12.4 - Prob. 1TQCh. 12.4 - Prob. 2TQ
Ch. 12.5 - Prob. 1TQCh. 12 - Prob. 1RQCh. 12 - Prob. 2RQCh. 12 - Prob. 3RQCh. 12 - Prob. 4RQCh. 12 - Prob. 5RQCh. 12 - Prob. 6RQCh. 12 - Prob. 7RQCh. 12 - Prob. 8RQCh. 12 - Prob. 9RQCh. 12 - Prob. 10RQCh. 12 - Prob. 11RQCh. 12 - Prob. 12RQCh. 12 - Prob. 13RQCh. 12 - Prob. 14RQCh. 12 - Prob. 15RQCh. 12 - Prob. 1TQCh. 12 - Prob. 2TQCh. 12 - Prob. 3TQ
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- The RNA transcript of a region of T4 phage DNA contains the sequence 5’-AAAUGAGGA-3'. This sequence encodes three different polypeptides. What are they?arrow_forwardThe amino acid asparagine is synthesized from aspartic acid by the enzyme asparagine synthetase (AS). In the previous problem you proposed a model for how this gene could be regulated. Suppose that you carry out an experiment to test your model. To do this you cut out the regulatory sequences upstream of the gene and fuse it to a gene for green fluorescent protein (GFP). Now you can visually observe when the gene is activated. You insert this engineered gene into a host cell and look for GFP expression. You discover some mutants that have different expression levels of GFP and call them GFP1- and GFP2-. The expression levels of GFP are given below. Cell GFP expression Wild type 100 GFP1- 50 GFP2- 0 Propose an explanation for these results based on your model. In other words, what was mutated and how? This answer should include whether the mutation is (view links for more information): dominant or recessive https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK21578/#A1877 in a cis…arrow_forwardThe amino acid asparagine is synthesized from aspartic acid by the enzyme asparagine synthetase (AS). In the previous problem you proposed a model for how this gene could be regulated. Suppose that you carry out an experiment to test your model. To do this you cut out the regulatory sequences upstream of the gene and fuse it to a gene for green fluorescent protein (GFP). Now you can visually observe when the gene is activated. You insert this engineered gene into a host cell and look for GFP expression. You discover some mutants that have different expression levels of GFP and call them GFP1- and GFP2-. The expression levels of GFP are given below. Cell GFP expression Wild type 100 GFP1- 50 GFP2- 0 Propose an explanation for these results based on your model. In other words, what was mutated and how? Your answer should include whether the mutation is (see links for more information): dominant or recessive https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK21578/#A1877…arrow_forward
- Imagine that you are a student in Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase’s lab in the late 1940s. You are given five test tubes containing E. Coli bacteria infected with T2 bacteriophages that have been labeled with either 32P or 35S. Unfortunately, you forget to mark the tubes and are now uncertain about which tubes is which. You performed their blender experiment and got the following results. Which tube out of these 5 contains E. Coli infected with 32P-labeled phage? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardSome mutations that occur in bacteria can cause the loss of phage receptors, and these bacteria become phage resistant. In order for a phage to infect the host bacterium, it is preferred that the cell wall is newly synthesized.why ?arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements regarding transduction is FALSE? A) transduction reduces genetic variation within bacterial populations B) the inadvertent packaging of bacterial DNA into a phage particle can lead to generalized transduction C) specialized transduction can only be facilitated by a phage capable of integration into the bacterial genome D) generalized transduction involves the transfer of DNA that is exclusively bacterial E) specialized transduction must be preceded by viral integration and imperfect excision F) specialized transduction involves the transfer of both bacterial and viral DNAarrow_forward
- The bacteriophage genome consists of many genes encoding proteins that make up the head, collar, tail, and tail fibers. When these genes are transcribed following phage infection, how are these proteins synthesized, since the phage genome lacks genes essential to ribosome structure?arrow_forwardWhat advantages might a phage gain by being capable of lysogeny?arrow_forwardImagine that you are a student in Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase’s lab in the late 1940s. You are given five test tubes containing E. coli bacteria infected with T2 bacteriophages that have been labeled with either 32P or 35S. Unfortunately, you forget to mark the tubes and are now uncertain about which were labeled with 32P and which with 35S. You place the contents of each tube in a blender and turn it on for a few seconds to shear off the phage protein coats. You then centrifuge the contents to separate the protein coats and the cells. You check for the presence of radioactivity and obtain the following results. Which tubes contained E. coli infected with 32P-labeled phage? Explain your answer. Tube number Radioactivity present in 1 Cells 2 Protein coats 3 Protein coats 4 Cells 5 Cellsarrow_forward
- Imagine that you are a student in Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase’s lab in the late 1940s. You are given five test tubes containing E. coli bacteria infected with T2 bacteriophages that have been labeled with either 32P or 35S. Unfortunately, you forget to mark the tubes and are now uncertain about which were labeled with 32P and which with 35S. You place the contents of each tube in a blender and turn it on for a few seconds to shear off the phage protein coats. You then centrifuge the contents to separate the protein coats and the cells. You check for thepresence of radioactivity and obtain the following results. Which tubes contained E. coli infected with 32P-labeled phage? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardDescribe in general terms how bacteriophage lambda regulates the switch between lytic and lysogenic cyclesarrow_forwardIn generalized transduction.... Choose from the answers below: random fragments of degraded bacterial DNA are packaged in phage particles. the maximum size of transduced DNA fragments is dependent on the size of the phage particles. the transducing DNA fragments are generated by faulty excision of a prophage from the host genome. a and b, but not c b and c, but not aarrow_forward
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