CAMPBELL MASTERING BIOLOGY ACCESS>I<
18th Edition
ISBN: 9781323766286
Author: Pearson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 14, Problem 2TYU
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The genetic information can be stored in the form of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) in the living cells. The DNA can self-replicate and can be transmitted from parents to offspring. The process, in which DNA is converted into RNA (ribonucleic acid), is called transcription and translation is the process of synthesis of proteins by RNA.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Which of the following best describes tRNA?
a. Provides the instructions for the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide
b. Complexes with ribosomal proteins to form ribosomes
c. Used for eukaryotic RNA processing
d. Transports amino acids to ribosomes during translation
What is the genetic code?
a. The relationship between a three-base codon sequence and an amino acid or the end of translation
b. The entire base sequence of an mRNA molecule
c. The entire sequence from the promoter to the terminator of a gene
d. The binding of tRNA to mRNA
Imagine that a mutation in a DNA molecule results in the codon CCU being changed to CCC. Both of these codons code for proline. The fact that more than one codon can code for the same amino acid is referred to as ___
a.
the ambiguity of the genetic code
b.
the redundancy of the genetic code
c.
the randomness of the genetic code
d.
mutations in the genetic code
Chapter 14 Solutions
CAMPBELL MASTERING BIOLOGY ACCESS>I<
Ch. 14.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS In a research article about...Ch. 14.1 - What polypeptide product would you expect from a...Ch. 14.1 - DRAW IT The template strand of a gene contains the...Ch. 14.2 - What is a promoter? Is it located at the upstream...Ch. 14.2 - What enables RNA polymerase to start transcribing...Ch. 14.2 - WHAT IF? Suppose X-rays caused a sequence change...Ch. 14.3 - Given that there are about 20,000 human genes, how...Ch. 14.3 - How is RNA splicing similar to how you would watch...Ch. 14.3 - WHAT IF? What would be the effect of treating...Ch. 14.4 - What two processes ensure that the correct amino...
Ch. 14.4 - Discuss the ways in which rRNA structure likely...Ch. 14.4 - Describe how a polypeptide to be secreted is...Ch. 14.4 - WHAT IF? DRAW IT Draw a tRNA with the anticodon...Ch. 14.5 - What happens when one nucleotide pair is lost from...Ch. 14.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 14.5 - WHAT IF? DRAW IT The template strand of a gene...Ch. 14 - In eukaryotic cells, transcription cannot begin...Ch. 14 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 14 - The anticodon of a particular tRNA molecule is A....Ch. 14 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 14 - Which component is not directly involved in...Ch. 14 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 14 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 14 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 14 - Fill in the following table: Type of RNA Functions...Ch. 14 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY Knowing that the genetic code...Ch. 14 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 14 - FOCUS ON INFORMATION Evolution accounts for the...Ch. 14 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE Some mutations result in...
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- The ribosome is needed for translation of mRNA (a) because it has the enzyme for adding amino acids to the 5’ end of a tRNA (b) because the ribosomal RNA contains the codon which determines the sequence of amino acids in a protein (c) because it positions tRNA and mRNA so that correct pairing of codon and anti-codon can occur (d) because it has an enzyme that removes introns from mRNA (e) all of the abovearrow_forwardWhich of the following best describes mRNA?Group of answer choices a) Complexes with ribosomal proteins to form ribosomes b) Transports amino acids to ribosomes during translation c) Provides the instructions for the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide d) Used for eukaryotic RNA processingarrow_forwardDuring translation, the codon in mRNA is actually “read” by a. the A site in the ribosome. b. the P site in the ribosome. c. the anticodon in a tRNA. d. the anticodon in an amino acid.arrow_forward
- Which of the following BEST describes the characteristics and function of siRNA? A. a short strand of RNA that can complement and inactivate a sequence of mRNA B. a short strand of RNA that can act as a transcription factor to initiate transcription C. a strand of DNA that can bind to and inactivate an mRNA sequence D. a tRNA that is not able to attach to a ribosome and therefore inhibits the process of translationarrow_forwardA particular tRNA is mutated so that the amino acid attachment cannot bind with the aminoacyl-tRNA synthase. What happens when an mRNA transcript contains the codon for this tRNA? A. The tRNA will not bind to this codon. B. Translation stops and the protein is released. C The wrong tRNA is added to the protein chain. D. Translation stops and the protein remains bound to the ribosome.arrow_forwardThe anticodon a. is present in the tRNA and complementary to the codon in mRNA b. is present in the mRNA and binds to the codon c. is present in the tRNA and complementary to the amino acid d. is responsible for charging the tRNAarrow_forward
- If you imagine a messenger RNA molecule in the cytoplasm of a cell, which of the following will likely affect how much protein is made by translation of this message? A. The presence of appropriate snRNPs. B. The length of the polyA tail. C. The strength of hydrogen bonds holding the mRNA to ribosomal RNA. D. The ability of the mRNA to pair with itself to form a helix-turn-helix structure.arrow_forwardWhich of the following regions on the tRNA are composed of a sequence of nucleotides? a. anticodon that binds to codon in mRNA b. anticodon that binds to codon in ribosomes c. anticodon that binds to codon in tRNA synthetase d. none of the abovearrow_forwardThe anticodon … A. is complementary to the mRNA B. is found on the ribosome C. is found on the tRNA D. A and Carrow_forward
- The ribosome is needed for translation of mRNA (a) because it has the enzyme that forms peptide bonds between amino acids (b) because the ribosomal RNA contains the codon which determine the sequence of amino acids in a protein (c) because it contains the enzyme that links the amino acids and tRNA (d) because it has enzyme that removes introns from mRNA (e) all of the abovearrow_forwardWhich of the following describes the interactions between a codon and an anticodon? A. A codon and an anticodon become covalently bonded together due to the activity of the ribosome. B. A codon and anticodon do not come into direct contact because codons are in the nucleus but anticodons are in the cytoplasm. C. A codon and anticodon are attracted to each other due to hydrogen bonding. D. A codon and an anticodon are linked together by an amino acid. ..arrow_forwardFinally, imagine that a mutation occurred in the codon below and an A was inserted between the two Ts. How would this affect the mRNA and the amino acid for that codon? Old DNA codon Old RNA codon Old amino acid New DNA codon New mRNA codon New amino acid T T G T A T G This would be an example of which type of a mutation?__________________________arrow_forward
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