Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The product of reaction between hydrochloric acid and ammonia has to be identified. Also, the proton transfer in acid-base reaction of hydrochloric acid and ammonia has to be determined.
Concept Introduction:
In Bronsted–Lowry theory, acid is defined as a substance that donates a proton. In a solution, it dissociates to give
Base is defined as a substance that accepts a proton. In a solution, it dissociates to give
Brønsted–Lowry acid transfer a proton and form base as the other compound can accept a proton. This is called conjugate acid-base pair. In pair of conjugate acid and base, the acid form is protonated and the base form lost the proton.
Every base has a conjugate acid. They are related by loss or gain of proton. The expression for base and conjugate acid is as follows:
Every acid has a conjugate base. They are related by loss or gain of proton. The expression for conjugate base and acid is as follows:
The reaction mechanism in which proton is donated by a compound and accepted by the other compound is called a proton transfer reaction. It involves transfer of protons between two species in
(b)
Interpretation:
The product of reaction between hydrogen carbonate ion and nitric acid has to be identified. Also, the proton transfer in acid-base reaction of hydrogen carbonate ion and nitric acid has to be determined.
Concept Introduction:
Refer to part (a)
(c)
Interpretation:
The product of reaction between cyanide ion and formic acid has to be identified. Also, the proton transfer in acid-base reaction of cyanide ion and formic acid has to be determined.
Concept Introduction:
Refer to part (a)
(d)
Interpretation:
The product of reaction between acetate ion and water has to be identified. Also, the proton transfer in acid-base reaction of acetate ion and water has to be determined.
Concept Introduction:
Refer to part (a).
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Chemistry: Principles and Practice
- You are asked to determine whether an unknown white solid is acidic or basic. You also need to say whether the acid or base is weak or strong. You are given the molar mass of the solid and told that it is soluble in water. Describe an experiment that you can perform to obtain the desired characteristics of the white solid.arrow_forwardIdentify the conjugate acid-base pairs in the reaction of H3PO4 with water.arrow_forwardEach of the following produces a basic solution when dissolved in water. Identify those that behave as Arrhenius bases and write dissociation equations to illustrate that behavior. a. CsOH b. CH3NH2 c. NH3 d. Ca(OH)2arrow_forward
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