Genetics: Analysis and Principles
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259616020
Author: Robert J. Brooker Professor Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 15, Problem 22CONQ
Histones are thought to be displaced as RNA polymerase is transcribing a gene. What would be the potentially harmful consequences if histones were not put back onto a gene after RNA polymerase had passed?
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This chapter describes different types of TEs, including insertionelements, simple transposons, LTR retrotransposons, and non-LTRretrotransposons. Which of these four types of TEs have the followingfeatures?A. Require reverse transcriptase to transposeB. Require transposase to transposeC. Are flanked by direct repeatsD. Have inverted repeats
During the process of transcription, the polymerase must handle several distinct polynucleotide chains: the double-stranded DNA ahead of the polymerase, the single-stranded template DNA, the nontemplate DNA strand, and the freshly-synthesized mRNA. How does the polymerase keep each of these strands--as well as the incoming ribonucleotides needed for the polymerase reaction--separate?
What would be the likely effect of a mutation that prevents σ from dissociating from the RNA polymerase core?
Chapter 15 Solutions
Genetics: Analysis and Principles
Ch. 15.1 - 1. Combinatorial control refers to the phenomenon...Ch. 15.1 - 2. A regulatory transcription factor protein...Ch. 15.1 - 3. A bidirectional enhancer has the following...Ch. 15.1 - 4. Regulatory transcription factors can be...Ch. 15.2 - 1. A chromatin-remodeling complex may
a. change...Ch. 15.2 - Prob. 2COMQCh. 15.2 - 3. Which of the following characteristics is...Ch. 15.2 - 4. Transcriptional activation of eukaryotic genes...Ch. 15.3 - How can methylation affect transcription? a. It...Ch. 15.3 - 2. The process in which completely unmethylated...
Ch. 15.4 - Prob. 1COMQCh. 15.5 - The overall goal of the ENCODE Project is a. to...Ch. 15.6 - The binding of iron regulatory protein (IRP) to...Ch. 15 - Discuss the common points of control in eukaryotic...Ch. 15 - 2. Discuss the structure and function of...Ch. 15 - 3. What is meant by the term transcription factor...Ch. 15 - What are the functions of transcriptional...Ch. 15 - 5. Is each of the following statements true or...Ch. 15 - 6. Transcription factors usually contain one or...Ch. 15 - Prob. 7CONQCh. 15 - Prob. 8CONQCh. 15 - 9. Let’s suppose a mutation in the glucocorticoid...Ch. 15 - Prob. 10CONQCh. 15 - Prob. 11CONQCh. 15 - Prob. 12CONQCh. 15 - 13. Transcription factors such as the...Ch. 15 - An enhancer, located upstream from a gene, has the...Ch. 15 - 15. The DNA-binding domain of each CREB protein...Ch. 15 - The gene that encodes the enzyme called tyrosine...Ch. 15 - Prob. 17CONQCh. 15 - 18. What is a histone variant?
Ch. 15 - Prob. 19CONQCh. 15 - 20. What is meant by the term histone code? With...Ch. 15 - Prob. 21CONQCh. 15 - Histones are thought to be displaced as RNA...Ch. 15 - 23. What is an insulator? Describe two different...Ch. 15 - 24. What is DNA methylation? When we say that DNA...Ch. 15 - Lets suppose that a vertebrate organism carries a...Ch. 15 - 26. What is a CpG island? Where would you expect...Ch. 15 - Describe how the binding of iron regulatory...Ch. 15 - 1. Briefly describe the method of chromatin...Ch. 15 - Researchers can isolate a sample of cells, such as...Ch. 15 - Prob. 3EQCh. 15 - Prob. 4EQCh. 15 - Prob. 5EQCh. 15 - 6. As described in Chapter 21, an electrophoretic...Ch. 15 - Prob. 7EQCh. 15 - 1. Explain how DNA methylation could be used to...Ch. 15 - 2. Enhancers can occur almost anywhere in DNA and...
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- Unlike linker DNA and deproteinized DNA, DNA segments wrapped around histone cores are relatively resistant to the hydrolytic actions of nucleases. Explain.arrow_forwardWhat processing step enhances the stability of pretRNAs and pre-rRNAs? a. methylation b. nucleotide modification c. cleavage d. splicingarrow_forwardHistones are proteins that control gene function by attaching through salt links to exterior regions of DNA. Name an amino acid whose side chain is often found on the exterior of histones.arrow_forward
- Retrotransposons are a class of mobile elements that transpose via an RNA intermediate. Contrast the mechanism of transposition between retrotransposons that contain long terminal repeats (LTRs) and those that lack LTRs.arrow_forwardThe Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase enzymes produced by Retrotransposons sometimes mistakenly act on cellular mRNAs and generate a DNA intermediate that becomes integrated into the genome (which can lead to formation of new pseudogenes). Would you predict that a newly transposed element produced from an mRNA will generally be transcribed after its integration? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardIt has been shown that infectious agents such as viruses often exert a dramatic effect on their host cell’s genome architecture. In many cases, viruses induce methylation of host DNA sequences in order to enhance their infectivity. What specific host gene functions would you consider as strong candidates for such methylation by infecting viruses?arrow_forward
- Examination of the histone modifications of a gene reveals an abundance of histone H3 with lysine 27 modified with a single methyl group. Does this suggest that this gene is activated or repressed? How would your answer change if many lysine 27 residues were modified with three methyl groups each?arrow_forwardWhat would happen if any of the stages involved in the translation of DNA to protein were altered/irregular? What effect will this modification have on the protein?arrow_forwardHow do you think that transcription randomizes positions of nucleosomes and repression restores the ordering after transcription? How might you test to see if there was an exchange of histone subunits during transcription or if the nucleosome is truly transferred as a single unit? Would you expect the DNA band representing the distance from the restriction enzyme site to the hypersensitive site to be a single band or a smear? Defend your answer.arrow_forward
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