Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780321948908
Author: Mark F. Sanders, John L. Bowman
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Question
Chapter 16, Problem 2P
Summary Introduction
To analyze:
Question asked for the description for comparative level Transcriptional and translational fusion of reporter gene with regulatory gene. The question also asked to discuss the difference in expression patterns of the two transgenes.
Introduction:
In eukaryotic, mRNA is modified in the nucleus, and they are exported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm for translation. During protein production, there are two important regulatory steps - transcription and translation. The cell has a mechanism which directs the translation of mRNA. Transcription of gene takes place, but every transcribed gene does not get translated.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
In the galactose operon of E. coli, a repressor, encoded by the galR gene, binds to an operator site,galo, to regulate the expression of three structuralgenes, galE, galT, and galK. Expression is inducedby the presence of galactose in the media. For eachof the strains listed, would the cell show constitutive, inducible, or no expression of each of the structural genes? (Assume that galR− is a loss-of-functionmutation.)a. galR−galo+galE+galT+galK+b. galR+galocgalE+galT+galK+ c. galR−galo+galE+galT+galK−/galR+galo+galE−galT+galK+d. galR−galocgalE+galT+galK−/galR+galo+galE−galT+galK+
A protein or RNA that regulates gene expressionin trans—either at the level of transcription, RNAsplicing, or translation—must have specificity for onetarget gene or a group of target genes. Explain howspecificity is achieved in each case
The protein encoded by the cystic fibrosis gene is 1480amino acids long, yet the gene spans 250 kb. How is thisdifference possible?
Chapter 16 Solutions
Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (2nd Edition)
Ch. 16 - 14.1 What are the advantages and disadvantages of...Ch. 16 - Prob. 2PCh. 16 - 3. Genetic maps and physical maps are both...Ch. 16 - 14.5 What are the advantages and disadvantages of...Ch. 16 - 14.6 You have cloned the mouse ortholog (see...Ch. 16 - 14.13 The CBF genes of Arabidopsis are induced by...Ch. 16 - 14.14 When the S. cerevisiae genome was sequenced,...Ch. 16 - 14.15 Translational fusions between a protein of...Ch. 16 - In enhancer trapping experiments, a minimal...Ch. 16 - 14.19 In Genetic Analysis, we designed a screen to...
Ch. 16 - How would you design a genetic screen to find...Ch. 16 - 14.21 The eyes of Drosophila develop from imaginal...Ch. 16 - 14.22 Given your knowledge of the genetic tools...Ch. 16 - Mutations in the CFTR gene result in cystic...Ch. 16 - Prob. 16PCh. 16 - 14.25 How would you conduct a screen to identify...Ch. 16 - In land plants, there is an alternation of...Ch. 16 - 14.27 The Drosophila evenskipped (eve) gene is...Ch. 16 - Prob. 20PCh. 16 - 14.29 As shown in Figure, mutations in the...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- . Another class of suppressor mutations, not describedin the chapter, are mutations that suppress missensemutations.a. Why would bacterial strains carrying such missense suppressor mutations generally grow moreslowly than strains carrying nonsense suppressormutations?b. What other kinds of mutations can you imagine ingenes encoding components needed for gene expression that would suppress a missense mutationin a protein-coding gene?arrow_forwardAssume that there is a double stranded break on DNA double helix of an eukaryotic cell due to X-ray radiation and it is not repaired. In addition, the cell’s Apaf-1 protein is not expressed due to a null mutation in the Apaf-1 gene. Please discuss the effect of not having Apaf-1 expression in the cell with non-repaired double stranded break.arrow_forwardWhat analogies can you draw between transcriptionaltrans-acting factors that activate gene expression in eukaryotes and the corresponding factors in bacteria? Givean examplearrow_forward
- Give and briefly explain two examples of how gene expression may be repressed without altering the gene-coding sequence.arrow_forwardA single UASG regulates the expression of threegenes, all of which are adjacent: GAL7 and GAL10 asdescribed in Problem 8, and also GAL1.a. Would you expect these genes to be transcribedinto individual transcripts, or to be cotranscribed asone mRNA? Explain.b. How could you determine experimentallywhether each gene is transcribed separately orinstead that the three are cotranscribed into asingle mRNA?c. GAL1 and GAL10 are not only adjacent to eachother, but also are transcribed divergently with asingle UASG between them. Describe experimentsusing GFP and RFP transgenes that would allowyou to determine which of the four GAL4 bindingsites in this UASG element is (are) important for thetranscription of GAL1 and/or GAL10.arrow_forwardBased on Figure 14-14 and the features of ultraconservedelements, what would you predict you’d observe if youinjected a reporter-gene construct of the rat ortholog ofthe ISL1 ultraconserved element into fertilized mouseoocytes and examined reporter gene expression in thedeveloping embryo?arrow_forward
- In polarized MDCK cells, proteins X and Y normally are located to the apical plasma membrane domain, and are not observed to any significant degree in the basolateral membranes of these cells. To investigate the manner in which these two proteins arrive at this subcellular localization you transform these cells with a plasmid containing a dominant-negative form of one of the proteins of the AP-2 adaptor protein complex and observe the subsequent distribution of proteins X and Y. After treatment, protein X remains at the apical membrane, but protein Y now is primarily observed in the basolateral membranes. Explain how expression of a dominant-negative AP-2 complex can affect the subcellular distribution of protein Y but not protein X?arrow_forwardAnother class of suppressor mutations, not describedin the chapter, are mutations that suppress missensemutations.a. Why would bacterial strains carrying such missense suppressor mutations generally grow moreslowly than strains carrying nonsense suppressormutations?arrow_forwardEach year in the United States, there are over 230,000 newcases of prostate cancer and almost 28,000 deaths. A 3.8-Mbregion on chromosome 8 (8q24), called a gene desert, has genes but contains enhancer sequences that potentiallyconfer significant risks for prostate cancer. One particular enhancerallele, which is known to be associated with an elevated risk forprostate cancer, physically interacts with the promoter region ofthe nearby MYC gene and facilitates its upregulation. Overexpressionof MYC, which encodes a cell-cycle regulatory protein, isobserved in multiple types of cancer (see Chapter 24). The riskallele has a frequency of 49 percent in men of European descentand 81 percent in men of African ancestry. Most of the differentialMYC activity associated with the risk allele occurs during prenataldevelopment, raising the possibility that testing for this alleleearly in life can be used to identify those in the African-Americanpopulation who are at very high risk for prostate…arrow_forward
- (a) Did deletion of any of the possible control elements cause areduction in reporter gene expression? If so, which one(s), and howcan you tell? (b) If loss of a control element causes a reduction ingene expression, what must be the normal role of that controlelement? Provide a biological explanation for how the loss of sucha control element could lead to a reduction in gene expression.arrow_forwardTranscriptional regulators are proteins that bind to promoters (the 5-flanking regions of genes) to regulate their transcription. Assume that a particular transcription regulator normally promotes transcription of gene X, a transport protein. If a mutation makes this regulator gene nonfunctional, would the resulting phenotype be similar to a mutation in gene X itself? Why or why not?arrow_forwardThe APETALA1:GUS line you were given is a transcriptional fusion. Given that APETALA1 encodes a transcription factor, where might you expect to detect the expression of a translational reporter gene fusion?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...BiologyISBN:9781305251052Author:Michael CummingsPublisher:Cengage Learning
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...
Biology
ISBN:9781305251052
Author:Michael Cummings
Publisher:Cengage Learning
QCE Biology: Introduction to Gene Expression; Author: Atomi;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a7hydUtCIJk;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY