Genetics: From Genes to Genomes, 5th edition
Genetics: From Genes to Genomes, 5th edition
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780073525310
Author: Leland H. Hartwell, Michael L. Goldberg, Janice A. Fischer, Leroy Hood, Charles F. Aquadro
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 18, Problem 18P

Hypomorphic alleles of a pleiotropic gene essential for early development can sometimes provide enough gene activity for an organism to survive early development. In such cases, the mutant phenotype can reveal later functions of the gene.

Mice homozygous for null alleles of Fgf8 (fibroblast growth factor 8) die during early embryogenesis, obscuring a later role for Fgf8 in setting up left/right asymmetry of organs. However, mice homozygous for hypomorphic Fgf8 alleles, develop much further and reveal that Fgf8 protein is a determinant of leftness. In Fgf8 mutants, many organs such as the heart are left/right reversed as shown in the following figure.

Chapter 18, Problem 18P, Hypomorphic alleles of a pleiotropic gene essential for early development can sometimes provide

How might these Fgf8 hypomorphic mutant alleles been generated? (More than one answer is possible.)

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