Reason for side chain in valine is nonpolar and in serine is polar has to be identified. Concept introduction: Many amino acids are linked together through amide bonds to form a biologically large molecule known to be proteins. Amino acid had both amino functional group and carboxyl functional group in a molecule. Amino functional group is ( − N H 2 ) and carboxyl functional group is ( − C O O H ) and a R group is considered as side chain, when all these are bonded to same carbon atom. The amino acids are further classified into polar and non-polar amino acid. Polar amino acid are those that contain groups that are either charged at physiological p H or groups that are able to participate in hydrogen bonding. Nonpolar amino acids are those with alkyl hydrophobic group which cannot enter in hydrogen bonding.

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Chapter 18.3, Problem 18.7KCP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Reason for side chain in valine is nonpolar and in serine is polar has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Many amino acids are linked together through amide bonds to form a biologically large molecule known to be proteins.

Amino acid had both amino functional group and carboxyl functional group in a molecule.

Amino functional group is (−NH2) and carboxyl functional group is (−COOH) and a R group is considered as side chain, when all these are bonded to same carbon atom.

The amino acids are further classified into polar and non-polar amino acid.

Polar amino acid are those that contain groups that are either charged at physiological pH or groups that are able to participate in hydrogen bonding.

Nonpolar amino acids are those with alkyl hydrophobic group which cannot enter in hydrogen bonding.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Amino acid that has hydrophilic and hydrophobic side chain has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Many amino acids are linked together through amide bonds to form a biologically large molecule known to be proteins.

Amino acid had both amino functional group and carboxyl functional group in a molecule.

Amino functional group is (−NH2) and carboxyl functional group is (−COOH) and a R group is considered as side chain, when all these are bonded to same carbon atom.

The non-polar side chain are again classified into hydrophobic (water hating) and hydrophilic (water loving).

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