Biochemistry: The Molecular Basis of Life
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780190209896
Author: Trudy McKee, James R. McKee
Publisher: Oxford University Press
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Chapter 19, Problem 59SA
Summary Introduction
To explain:
The difference between anhydrideand mixed anhydride bonds.
The reason why the reaction of an amino acid and ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which yields aminoacyl-AMP (adenosine monophosphate) and pyrophosphate, is irreversible.
Introduction:
Anhydrides are compounds formed out of any basic or acidic compound. When organic, they are acid anhydrides, formed of carboxylic acid groups. When inorganic, they are basic anhydrides, formed of a basic grou, puch ascalcium hydroxide. Mixed anhydride areasymmetrical compounds in which the alkyl groups are not the same on both sides.
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In some proteins, the side chain of serine appears to undergo ionization. Explain why ionization would be facilitated by the presence of an aspartate residue nearby.
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Chapter 19 Solutions
Biochemistry: The Molecular Basis of Life
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- Once the chains of peptides that make up lysyl-tRNA synthetase protein are synthesized in ribosomes, lysyl-tRNA synthetase needs to have the proper active site in order to perform its function, explain the process of protein folding necessary to have a proper 3-D structure, include effect of thermodynamics and different states in folding, including what happen when there are prolines that form peptide bonds with other amino acids, and any disulfide bridgesarrow_forwardThe covalent attachment of an amino acid to a tRNA is an endergonic reaction. In other words, it requires an input of energy for the reaction to proceed. Where does the energy come from to attach amino acids to tRNA molecules?arrow_forwardIn the serine protease triad, the proximity of an aspartate carboxylate group of histidine raises the latter’s pKa. Explain.arrow_forward
- In a paragraph form, provide the experimental procedures in removal of the carbon dioxide present in the mechanism of reaction of protein that contain native serine residues by the reaction of oxazetidine-containing peptides and α-ketoacidarrow_forwardDescribe two special reaction sites on the tRNAarrow_forwardIn sickle cell anemia, an inherited form of anemia in which the hemoglobin distorts the red blood cell to a characteristic sickle shape, the 6th residue of the β chain, a Glu residue, is replaced with a Val residue. This mutation substitutes the ____ Glu with a ____ Val.arrow_forward
- What type of noncovalent interaction occurs between the glutamine and threonine side chains? Draw the structures of these amino acids to show the interaction.arrow_forwardSelenocysteine and pyrolysine differ in the way that they areconverted to their cognate charged tRNAs. Explain.arrow_forwardWhat is the significance (or function) of tRNA in protein synthesis? In other words, explain why tRNA is so important. How many different tRNA’s are there?arrow_forward
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