General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry - 4th edition

4th Edition

ISBN: 9781259883989

Author: by Janice Smith

Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education

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Vitamins and Coenzymes

A class of organic compounds needed in the human body for normal activities is known as vitamins. They are characterized into two parts depending upon their solubility in water. They can act as coenzymes, cofactors, or prosthetic groups for enzymes.

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Textbook Question

Chapter 24, Problem 39P

Consider the aerobic and anaerobic avenues of pyruvate metabolism in the human body.
a. Where do the carbon atoms of pyruvate end up in each pathway?
b. What coenzymes are used and formed?

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Chapter 24, Problem 38P

Chapter 24, Problem 40P

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Although catabolism of a glucose molecule eventually produces a lot of energy, the first step uses energy. Explain why this step is necessary

Glycolysis, A. is the breakdown of glucose to two pyruvic acid molecules. B. requires the input of two ATP molecules. C. produces two NADH molecules. D. does not require oxygen. E. all of the above.

Considering the individual steps in glycolysis: a. Which steps form ATP? b. Which steps use ATP? c. Which steps form a reduced coenzyme? d. Which step breaks a C C bond?

Chapter 24 Solutions

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry - 4th edition

Ch. 24.2 - Analyze the following reaction by considering the...Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 24.2PP Ch. 24.3 - Prob. 24.1P Ch. 24.3 - Prob. 24.2P Ch. 24.3 - Prob. 24.3P Ch. 24.3 - Prob. 24.4P Ch. 24.3 - Prob. 24.5P Ch. 24.3 - Prob. 24.6P Ch. 24.4 - Prob. 24.7P Ch. 24.4 - Prob. 24.8P

Ch. 24.4 - Prob. 24.9P Ch. 24.5 - Prob. 24.10P Ch. 24.5 - Prob. 24.11P Ch. 24.5 - Prob. 24.12P Ch. 24.6 - Prob. 24.13P Ch. 24.7 - Prob. 24.14P Ch. 24.7 - Prob. 24.3PP Ch. 24.7 - Prob. 24.15P Ch. 24.7 - Prob. 24.16P Ch. 24.7 - Use the number of molecules of ATP formed from the...Ch. 24.7 - Prob. 24.18P Ch. 24.8 - Prob. 24.19P Ch. 24.8 - Prob. 24.20P Ch. 24.8 - Prob. 24.21P Ch. 24.9 - Prob. 24.4PP Ch. 24.9 - What products are formed when each amino acid is...Ch. 24.9 - Prob. 24.22P Ch. 24 - Analyze each reaction by considering the...Ch. 24 - Analyze each reaction by considering the...Ch. 24 - Prob. 25P Ch. 24 - Prob. 26P Ch. 24 - Prob. 27P Ch. 24 - Prob. 28P Ch. 24 - Prob. 29P Ch. 24 - Prob. 30P Ch. 24 - Prob. 31P Ch. 24 - Prob. 32P Ch. 24 - Glucose is completely metabolized to six molecules...Ch. 24 - Why is glycolysis described as an anaerobic...Ch. 24 - Write the overall equation with key coenzymes for...Ch. 24 - Prob. 36P Ch. 24 - Prob. 37P Ch. 24 - Prob. 38P Ch. 24 - Consider the aerobic and anaerobic avenues of...Ch. 24 - Prob. 40P Ch. 24 - Prob. 41P Ch. 24 - Prob. 42P Ch. 24 - Prob. 43P Ch. 24 - Prob. 44P Ch. 24 - Prob. 45P Ch. 24 - Prob. 46P Ch. 24 - Prob. 47P Ch. 24 - Prob. 48P Ch. 24 - Prob. 49P Ch. 24 - Prob. 50P Ch. 24 - Prob. 51P Ch. 24 - Prob. 52P Ch. 24 - Prob. 53P Ch. 24 - Prob. 54P Ch. 24 - Prob. 55P Ch. 24 - Prob. 56P Ch. 24 - Prob. 57P Ch. 24 - Prob. 58P Ch. 24 - Prob. 59P Ch. 24 - How much ATP is generated by the complete...Ch. 24 - Prob. 61P Ch. 24 - Fill in the boxes with the number of moles of each...Ch. 24 - Prob. 63P Ch. 24 - Prob. 64P Ch. 24 - Prob. 65P Ch. 24 - Prob. 66P Ch. 24 - Prob. 67P Ch. 24 - Prob. 68P Ch. 24 - Prob. 69P Ch. 24 - Prob. 70P Ch. 24 - What is the difference between ketogenic and...Ch. 24 - Prob. 72P Ch. 24 - Prob. 73P Ch. 24 - Draw the structure of the keto acid formed by the...Ch. 24 - Draw the products formed in each transamination...Ch. 24 - Prob. 76P Ch. 24 - Prob. 77P Ch. 24 - Prob. 78P Ch. 24 - Prob. 79P Ch. 24 - Prob. 80P Ch. 24 - What metabolic intermediate is formed from the...Ch. 24 - What metabolic intermediate is formed from the...Ch. 24 - Prob. 83P Ch. 24 - Prob. 84P Ch. 24 - Prob. 85P Ch. 24 - Prob. 86P Ch. 24 - Prob. 87P Ch. 24 - What is the cause of the pain and cramping in a...Ch. 24 - Prob. 89P Ch. 24 - Prob. 90P Ch. 24 - Prob. 91P Ch. 24 - Prob. 92P Ch. 24 - Prob. 93P Ch. 24 - Prob. 94P Ch. 24 - What type of enzyme would catalyze the conversion...Ch. 24 - Prob. 96P Ch. 24 - Prob. 97CP Ch. 24 - Prob. 98CP Ch. 24 - Prob. 99CP Ch. 24 - Prob. 100CP

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Glucose-6-phosphate detours to the hexose monophosphate shunt pathway in erythrocytes because: Question 73 options: A) They lack mitochondria making them incapable of the TCA cycle B) They lack endoplasmic reticulum making them incapable of the TCA cycle C) Erythrocytes have no energy needs D) Erythrocytes utilize glucose directly for energy
What is produced by the reduction of pyruvate in the body under anaerobic conditions? a) acetate b) acetyl CoA c) lactate d) pyruvate

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