Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
From
Concept introduction:
By using aufbau principle, electrons starts to occupy from orbitals with lower energy level. Thus, the obtained lower energy configuration is known as ground-state electron configuration.
Aufbau principle:
- Electrons first occupy orbitals with lower energy than higher energy.
- An orbital can be occupied only by two electrons having opposite spins.
- Each electron fills each orbital till it is half filled, when they are degenerate orbital. This is called as Hund’s rule.
- The order of electrons filling in an atom is given as
Figure 1
(b)
Interpretation:
From the
Concept introduction:
By using aufbau principle, electrons starts to occupy from orbitals with lower energy level. Thus, the obtained lower energy configuration is known as ground-state electron configuration.
Aufbau principle:
- Electrons first occupy orbitals with lower energy than higher energy.
- An orbital can be occupied only by two electrons having opposite spins.
- Each electron fills each orbital till it is half filled, when they are degenerate orbital. This is called as Hund’s rule.
- The order of electrons filling in an atom is given as
Figure 1
(c)
Interpretation:
From
Concept introduction:
By using aufbau principle, electrons starts to occupy from orbitals with lower energy level. Thus, the obtained lower energy configuration is known as ground-state electron configuration.
Aufbau principle:
- Electrons first occupy orbitals with lower energy than higher energy.
- An orbital can be occupied only by two electrons having opposite spins.
- Each electron fills each orbital till it is half filled, when they are degenerate orbital. This is called as Hund’s rule.
- The order of electrons filling in an atom is given as
Figure 1
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General Chemistry: Atoms First
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