Fundamentals of Biostatistics
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781305268920
Author: Bernard Rosner
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 3, Problem 68P
Research into cigarette-smoking habits, smoking prevention, and cessation programs necessitates accurate measurement of smoking behavior. However, decreasing social acceptability of smoking appears to cause significant underreporting. Chemical markers for cigarette use can provide objective indicators of smoking behavior. One widely used noninvasive marker is the level of saliva thiocyanate (SCN). In a Minneapolis school district, 1332 students in eighth grade (ages 12–14) participated in a study [12] whereby they
- (1) Viewed a film illustrating how recent cigarette use could be readily detected from small samples of saliva
- (2) Provided a personal sample of SCN
- (3) Provided a self-report of the number of cigarettes smoked per week
The results are given in Table 3.10.
TABLE 3.10 Relationship between SCN levels and self-reported cigarettes smoked per week
Source: Based on the American Journal of Public Health, 71(12), 1320, 1981.
Suppose the self-reports are completely accurate and are representative of the number of eighth-grade students who smoke in the general community. We are considering using an SCN level ≥ 100 μg/mL as a test criterion for identifying cigarette smokers. Regard a student as positive if he or she smokes one or more cigarettes per week.
What is the sensitivity of the test for light-smoking students (students who smoke ≤ 14 cigarettes per week)?
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Chapter 3 Solutions
Fundamentals of Biostatistics
Ch. 3.6 - What is the frequency definition of probability?Ch. 3.6 - What is the difference between independent and...Ch. 3.6 - What are mutually exclusive events?Ch. 3.6 - What is the addition law of probability?Ch. 3.6 - What is conditional probability? How does it...Ch. 3.6 - What is relative risk? How do you interpret it?Ch. 3.6 - Prob. B.1RECh. 3.6 - Suppose the rate of type II diabetes mellitus (DM)...Ch. 3.7 - What is the sensitivity and specificity of a...Ch. 3.7 - What are the PV+ and PV of a screening test? How...
Ch. 3.7 - Prob. C.3RECh. 3.7 - What is Bayes rule? How is it used?Ch. 3.7 - Prob. D.2RECh. 3.7 - Prob. D.3RECh. 3.7 - Prob. D.4RECh. 3.10 - Suppose that of 25 students in a class, 5 are...Ch. 3.10 - Suppose 50 HIV-positive men are identified, 5 of...Ch. 3 - Consider a family with a mother, father, and two...Ch. 3 - Consider a family with a mother, father, and two...Ch. 3 - Consider a family with a mother, father, and two...Ch. 3 - Consider a family with a mother, father, and two...Ch. 3 - Consider a family with a mother, father, and two...Ch. 3 - Consider a family with a mother, father, and two...Ch. 3 - Consider a family with a mother, father, and two...Ch. 3 - Consider a family with a mother, father, and two...Ch. 3 - Consider a family with a mother, father, and two...Ch. 3 - Consider a family with a mother, father, and two...Ch. 3 - Prob. 11PCh. 3 - Suppose an influenza epidemic strikes a city. 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