Principles of Biology
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781259875120
Author: Robert Brooker, Eric P. Widmaier Dr., Linda Graham Dr. Ph.D., Peter Stiling Dr. Ph.D.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 41, Problem 7TY
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
ADH (Antidiuretic hormone ) is a hormone that helps the kidneys to control the amount of water in the body. It is released by the pituitary gland.
It is also called as vasopressin. ADH can also increase blood pressure directly by vasoconstriction like AII does and indirectly like aldosterone does to retain water in the body.
A high level of ADH can cause kidneys to hold water in the body which dilutes the blood. A low level of ADH can cause kidneys to excrete more water.
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how does aldosterone raise blood pressure? Choose all that apply: distal convoluted tubule, collecting duct, increase sodium reabsorption, decrease sodium reabsorption, passive movement of water.
The natriuretic peptides act to ____.
Group of answer choices
stimulate ADH and aldosterone release
increase stretch of the heart muscle
increase blood volume and pressure
decrease blood volume and pressure
which of the following is a response to the release of antidiuretic hormone?
a. urine volume increases
b. positive feedback occurs leading to the release of more ADH
c. water reabsorption increases at the collecting duct
d. blood osmolarity increases
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- What are the hormone/s that affect the following in the formation of urine(a) Reabsorption of more water due to rise in osmotic level from reabsorbed Na (b) Increases permeability of water in the latter DCT & collecting duct (c)arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is false regarding aging? a) Decreased ability to contribute to vitamin D synthesis, leading to Ca2 + deficiency and bone fractures. b) Numbers of glomeruli decrease and hence the ability to secrete and reabsorb. c) Gradually increasing size of the kidneys d) The ability to concentrate urine decreases and the kidneys respond to memories of ADH and aldosterone.arrow_forwardWhich statement about antidiuretic hormone is TRUE? Antidiuretic hormone increases urine production. Antidiuretic hormone reduces urine production. Antidiuretic hormone is made by the kidneys. Excessive secretion of antidiuretic hormone causes dehydration.arrow_forward
- Reabsorption of this chemical is a saturable process - inulin - bicarbonate - glucose - creatinine - calcium - adenosine - chloride - renin - aldosteronearrow_forwardIf a person has low blood pressure, what are some ways the body can compensate? A. Decrease ADH, Increase Aldosterone, Increase blood volume through activating thirst B. Increase in ADH, Increase in Aldosterone, Increase in thirst C. Decrease in ADH, Decrease in Aldosterone, Increase in thirst D. Increase ADH, Decrease Aldosterone, Decrease in thirst sensationarrow_forwardDuring a state of low blood volume and decreased extracellular sodium level (as in cardiac failure), which one of the following occurs? 1) B. Aldosterone is produced by the kidneys, leading to the release of renin, which increases kidney reabsorption of sodium. 2) D. Antidiuretic hormone produced by the kidneys stimulates the production of aldosterone by the adrenal gland, which increases reabsorption of sodium and water retention. 3) A. Renin is produced by the kidneys and is converted to angiotensin, which induces the secretion of aldosterone by the adrenal gland, which in turn increases reabsorption of sodium and retention of water. 4) C. Renin is produced by the adrenal glands, leading to vasoconstriction and production of antidiuretic hormone by the pituitary gland, which increases fluid volume by causing water retention. no references, just homeworkarrow_forward
- The following events occur when the body loses water by sweating.I - Hypothalamus stimulates the posterior pituitary glandII - Osmotic pressure of blood stabilizesIII - ADH causes kidneys to reabsorb more waterIV - Osmotic pressure of blood increases In what order do these events occur?arrow_forwardWhich two ions are most affected by aldosterone?a. sodium and potassiumb. chloride and bicarbonatec. calcium and phosphated. sodium and phosphatearrow_forwardAldosterone (a) is released by the posterior pituitary gland (b) decreases sodium reabsorption (c) secretion is stimulated by an increase in blood pressure (d) is an enzyme that converts angiotensin into angiotensin II (e) secretion increases in response to angiotensin IIarrow_forward
- Which of the following is true of individuals who lack ADH? Multiple Choice They do not have polydipsia. The collecting ducts of their renal tube are permeable to water. They lose large volumes of body water via the urine. They have a hormone deficiency condition called diabetes mellitus.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT a function of the excretory system? * Filtration of wastes from the blood. Secretion of ADH from the collecting duct. Maintaining pH balance by secretion of H+ ions. Osmoregulation via sweating. Releasing carbon dioxide waste from the lungs.arrow_forwardDiscuss the role of aldosterone and PTH in regulating sodium, potassium and calcium.arrow_forward
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