Biology
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781260487947
Author: BROOKER
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 42.4, Problem 1EQ
What key prior observation led Loewi to develop his hypothesis of how nerves stimulate or inhibit heart muscle contractions?
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Chapter 42 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 42.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 42.2 - Prob. 1CSCh. 42.3 - Prob. 1CSCh. 42.3 - Prob. 2CSCh. 42.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 42.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 42.4 - What key prior observation led Loewi to develop...Ch. 42.4 - CoreSKILL The results of Loewis experiment...Ch. 42.4 - Prob. 3EQCh. 42 - Prob. 1TY
Ch. 42 - Prob. 2TYCh. 42 - The myelin sheath a. is produced by neurons in the...Ch. 42 - Prob. 4TYCh. 42 - Prob. 5TYCh. 42 - Which of the following contribute(s) to the...Ch. 42 - Prob. 7TYCh. 42 - Prob. 8TYCh. 42 - Prob. 9TYCh. 42 - Prob. 10TYCh. 42 - Prob. 1CQCh. 42 - Prob. 2CQCh. 42 - Prob. 3CQCh. 42 - Describe the difference between an electrical...Ch. 42 - Prob. 2COQ
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- In which direction does Ca2+ move in response to the opening of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels: into or out of the cardiac muscle cells?arrow_forwardExplain the concept of tetany in skeletal muscle. Can cardiac muscle be tetanized? Explain the physiological significance of your answer.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements best describes the differences in the regulation of cardiac and skeletal muscle contraction? The amount of contractile force actively generated by muscle cells is increased by stretch in skeletal muscle and decreased by stretch in cardiac muscle. Cardiac muscle is stimulated by motor neurons and skeletal muscle by neurones from the autonomic nervous system. Skeletal muscle contractile force is augmented by increasing the firing frequency of action potentials whereas cardiac muscle contractile force is enhanced by noradrenaline increasing calcium influx through ion channels. Ryanodine receptors in skeletal muscle are opened by a mechanism that requires calcium influx whereas in cardiac muscle membrane depolarisation alone without calcium influx is sufficient to open ryanodine receptors.arrow_forward
- In your own words, explain how the EMG trace changed when you added weights to your arm?Based on the data you collected what can you infer is happening to the muscles as weight is added?arrow_forwardWhich of the following events occurs due to a reduced sympathetic stimulation of the heart? Question 13Answer a. Cardiac output increases b. The heart rate increases c. The contractile strength of the heart muscle decreases d. The Frank-Starling curve shifts to the leftarrow_forwardExplain the origin and conduction of the excitation that leads to a heart contraction. Why is the vertebrate heart said to be myogenic? If the heart is myogenic, how do you account for alterations in rate of the heartbeat?arrow_forward
- In conditioned athletes, the resting Heart Rate is generally much lower than in non-athletes. Why? a-because long-term exercise reduces Cardiac Output at rest to conserve energy b-because athletes have a smaller Stroke Volume at rest, causing Heart Rate to decrease as well c-because long-term exercise leads to increased vagal tone which slows Heart Rate d-because athletes have stronger ventricles and therefore a larger Stroke Volume at rest, so they require fewer bpm to achieve the same Cardiac Outputarrow_forwardWhy is the plateau phase so critical to cardiac musclefunction?arrow_forwardwhat is contraction in cardiac muscle cells in response toarrow_forward
- Aside from measuring the pulse, what other processes could have measured to determine the external and internal effects of exercise on the body?arrow_forwardWe analyzed the difference between the action potential of a cardiac contractile cell and an action potential in a neuron. Describe the physiological mechanisms behind the primary difference in the shape of these two action potentials. Why is this feature important to the normal workings of the heart?arrow_forwardAction potentials in heart muscle cells have a prolonged plateau phase caused by ______through voltage-gated channels. A potassium entering B sodium leaving C sodium entering D calcium entering E calcium leavingarrow_forward
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