Fundamentals of Biostatistics
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781305268920
Author: Bernard Rosner
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 7, Problem 45P
Suppose a new test is proposed to identify patients with a specific condition.
One specimen is obtained from each of 220 subjects in the population to whom the test will be applied. Fifty-one (51) subjects have the condition and 169 do not, according to a gold standard used to assess the presence of the condition (referred to as a reference standard below). The following results are obtained:
What is the estimated specificity of the test?
Expert Solution & Answer
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Students have asked these similar questions
When companies are designing a new product, one of the steps typically taken is to see how potential buyers react to a picture or prototype of the proposed product. The product-development team for a notebook computer company has shown picture A to a large sample of potential buyers and picture B to another, asking each person to indicate what they "would expect to pay" for such a product. The data resulting from the two pictures are provided in file (sheet 6). Using the 0.05 level of significance, determine whether the prototypes might not really differ in terms of the price that potential buyers would expect to pay.
Sheet 6
ComputerA
ComputerB
3 317
2 965
2 680
3 083
3 286
3 137
2 859
2 950
2 693
3 161
2 945
2 918
2 908
3 158
3 193
3 082
3 240
2 903
3 040
3 103…
In analyzing the consumption of cottage cheese by members of various occupational groups, the United Dairy Industry Association found that 326 of 837 professionals seldom or never ate cottage cheese, versus 220 of 489 white-collar workers and 522 of 1243 blue-collar workers (Sheet 53). Assuming independent samples, use the 0.03 level in testing the null hypothesis that the population proportions could be the same for the three occupational groups.
Sheet 53
Group 1
Group 2
Group 3
Total
seldom or never
326
220
522
1068
often
511
269
721
1501
Total
837
489
1243
2569
Select one:
a) chi-square stat = 4.81, crit. value = 7.01, fail to reject H0, population proportions are not different
b) p-value = 0.09, reject H0, population proportions are not different
c) chi-square stat = 4.81, crit. value = 9.2, fail to reject H0, population proportions are not different
d) p-value = 0.029, reject H0, population proportions different
Consider number of male doctors in military and civilian hospitals. Test claim there is a smaller proportion of male doctors in military than in civilian life at alpa= 0.05
Military 1
Civilian 2
Male doctors
358
6786
Total doctors
407
7363
a. At the 0.05 level of significance, the data provides insufficient evidence to conclude that the population proportion of male military doctors is less than the population proportion of male civilian doctors.
b. At the 0.05 level of significance, the data provides sufficient evidence to conclude that the population proportion of male military doctors is more than the population proportion of male civilian doctors.
c. At the 0.05 level of significance, the data provides insufficient evidence to conclude that the population proportion of male military doctors is more than the population proportion of male civilian doctors.
d. At the 0.05 level of significance, the data provides sufficient evidence to conclude…
Chapter 7 Solutions
Fundamentals of Biostatistics
Ch. 7.3 - What is the difference between a type I and type...Ch. 7.3 - What is the difference between the critical-value...Ch. 7.3 - Several studies have shown that women with many...Ch. 7.7 - In the BMD study referred to in Case Study 2 (p....Ch. 7.7 - Prob. B.2RECh. 7.7 - Prob. B.3RECh. 7.9 - Prob. C.1RECh. 7.9 - Prob. C.2RECh. 7.9 - How much power did the test in Review Question...Ch. 7 - The mean serum-creatinine level measured in 12...
Ch. 7 - The mean serum-creatinine level measured in 12...Ch. 7 - The mean serum-creatinine level measured in 12...Ch. 7 - The mean serum-creatinine level measured in 1 2...Ch. 7 - The mean serum-creatinine level measured in 12...Ch. 7 - The mean serum-creatinine level measured in 12...Ch. 7 - The mean serumcreatinine level measured in 12...Ch. 7 - The mean serumcreatinine level measured in 12...Ch. 7 - Plasma-glucose levels are used to determine the...Ch. 7 - Plasma-glucose levels are used to determine the...Ch. 7 - Plasma-glucose levels are used to determine the...Ch. 7 - Suppose the incidence rate of myocardial...Ch. 7 - Suppose the incidence rate of myocardial...Ch. 7 - Suppose the incidence rate of myocardial...Ch. 7 - Suppose the incidence rate of myocardial...Ch. 7 - Suppose the incidence rate of myocardial...Ch. 7 - Suppose the annual incidence of asthma in the...Ch. 7 - Prob. 18PCh. 7 - Suppose the annual incidence of asthma in the...Ch. 7 - Prob. 20PCh. 7 - Ribosomal 5S RNA can be represented as a sequence...Ch. 7 - Ribosomal 5S RNA can be represented as a sequence...Ch. 7 - Ribosomal 5S RNA can be represented as a sequence...Ch. 7 - Ribosomal 5S RNA can be represented as a sequence...Ch. 7 - Ribosomal 5S RNA can be represented as a sequence...Ch. 7 - Suppose we identify 50 women 50 to 54 years of age...Ch. 7 - The drug erythromycin has been proposed to...Ch. 7 - A pilot study of a new antihypertensive agent is...Ch. 7 - A pilot study of a new antihypertensive agent is...Ch. 7 - The proportion of deaths due to lung cancer in...Ch. 7 - The proportion of deaths due to lung cancer in...Ch. 7 - The proportion of deaths due to lung cancer in...Ch. 7 - The proportion of deaths due to lung cancer in...Ch. 7 - The proportion of deaths due to lung cancer in...Ch. 7 - Iron-deficiency anemia is an important nutritional...Ch. 7 - Iron-deficiency anemia is an important nutritional...Ch. 7 - Iron-deficiency anemia is an important nutritional...Ch. 7 - Iron-deficiency anemia is an important nutritional...Ch. 7 - Iron-deficiency anemia is an important nutritional...Ch. 7 - Iron-deficiency anemia is an important nutritional...Ch. 7 - Iron-deficiency anemia is an important nutritional...Ch. 7 - Iron-deficiency anemia is an important nutritional...Ch. 7 - Suppose a new test is proposed to identify...Ch. 7 - Suppose a new test is proposed to identify...Ch. 7 - Suppose a new test is proposed to identify...Ch. 7 - Suppose a new test is proposed to identify...Ch. 7 - Suppose a new test is proposed to identify...Ch. 7 - The mortality experience of 8146 male employees of...Ch. 7 - The mortality experience of 8146 male employees of...Ch. 7 - The mortality experience of 8146 male employees of...Ch. 7 - The mortality experience of 8146 male employees of...Ch. 7 - Researchers have reported that the incidence rate...Ch. 7 - Researchers have reported that the incidence rate...Ch. 7 - Researchers have reported that the incidence rate...Ch. 7 - Researchers have reported that the incidence rate...Ch. 7 - Left ventricular mass (LVM) is an important risk...Ch. 7 - Left ventricular mass (LVM) is an important risk...Ch. 7 - Left ventricular mass (LVM) is an important risk...Ch. 7 - Left ventricular mass (LVM) is an important risk...Ch. 7 - Prob. 60PCh. 7 - Previous studies have shown that supplementing the...Ch. 7 - Prob. 62PCh. 7 - Prob. 63PCh. 7 - Previous studies have shown that supplementing the...Ch. 7 - Prob. 65PCh. 7 - Prob. 66PCh. 7 - Refer to Data Set NIFED.DAT at...Ch. 7 - The combination of photochemotherapy with oral...Ch. 7 - The combination of photochemotherapy with oral...Ch. 7 - The combination of photochemotherapy with oral...Ch. 7 - Prob. 72PCh. 7 - Breast cancer is strongly influenced by a womans...Ch. 7 - Prob. 74PCh. 7 - An investigator wants to test a new eye drop that...Ch. 7 - Prob. 76PCh. 7 - Table 7.10 gives the itching scores reported by...Ch. 7 - Table 7.10 gives the itching scores reported by...Ch. 7 - Table 7.10 gives the itching scores reported by...Ch. 7 - Table 7.10 gives the itching scores reported by...Ch. 7 - Prob. 81PCh. 7 - Prob. 82PCh. 7 - Concurrent sexual partnerships are widely believed...Ch. 7 - Prob. 84PCh. 7 - Prob. 85PCh. 7 - Prob. 86PCh. 7 - Consider the birthweight data in Example 7.2. What...Ch. 7 - Consider the birthweight data in Example 7.2. Now...Ch. 7 - Prob. 89PCh. 7 - A screening program for neuroblastoma (a type of...Ch. 7 - A screening program for neuroblastoma (a type of...Ch. 7 - Prob. 92PCh. 7 - Prob. 93PCh. 7 - Prob. 94PCh. 7 - Prob. 95PCh. 7 - Prob. 96PCh. 7 - An experiment was performed to assess the efficacy...Ch. 7 - Medical errors are common in hospitals throughout...Ch. 7 - Prob. 99PCh. 7 - Prob. 100PCh. 7 - Prob. 101PCh. 7 - Prob. 102PCh. 7 - Prob. 103PCh. 7 - Prob. 104PCh. 7 - Osteoporosis is an important cause of morbidity in...Ch. 7 - Osteoporosis is an important cause of morbidity in...Ch. 7 - Osteoporosis is an important cause of morbidity in...Ch. 7 - Prob. 108PCh. 7 - Prob. 109PCh. 7 - Prob. 110PCh. 7 - Prob. 111PCh. 7 - Prob. 112PCh. 7 - Prob. 113PCh. 7 - A study was conducted in Sweden to relate the age...Ch. 7 - A study was conducted in Sweden to relate the age...Ch. 7 - A study was conducted in Sweden to relate the age...Ch. 7 - Prob. 117PCh. 7 - Prob. 118PCh. 7 - Prob. 119PCh. 7 - Prob. 120PCh. 7 - Prob. 121P
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, statistics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- The number of contaminating particles on a silicon waferprior to a certain rinsing process was determined for eachwafer in a sample of size 100, resulting in the followingfrequencies:Number of particles 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7Frequency 1 2 3 12 11 15 18 10Number of particles 8 9 10 11 12 13 14Frequency 12 4 5 3 1 2 1a. What proportion of the sampled wafers had at leastone particle? At least five particles?b. What proportion of the sampled wafers had betweenfive and ten particles, inclusive? Strictly between fiveand ten particles?c. Draw a histogram using relative frequency on thevertical axis. How would you describe the shape of thehistogram?arrow_forward18) What information does the F ratio on the SPSS output for an independent sample t test provide? That is, what assumption does it test?arrow_forwardAccording to a certain government agency for a large country, the proportion of fatal traffic accidents in the country in which the driver had a positive blood alcohol concentration (BAC) is 0.33.Suppose a random sample of 109 traffic fatalities in a certain region results in 47that involved a positive BAC. Does the sample evidence suggest that the region has a higher proportion of traffic fatalities involving a positive BAC than the country at the α=0.05 level of significance?arrow_forward
- In manufacturing processes, it is of interest to know with confidence the proportion of defective parts. Suppose that we want to be reasonably certain that less than 4 % of a company's widgets are defective. To test this, we obtain a random sample of 250 widgets from a large batch. Each of the 250 widgets is tested for defects, and 6 are determined to be defective,based upon the manufacturers standards.using a= 0.01, is this evidence that less than 4% of the company's widgets are defective? State the hypothesis, list and check the conditions, calculate the test statistic, find the p-value, and make a conclusion in a complete sentence related to the scenario.arrow_forward31% of all pygmy softshell tortoises have stripes on their shells. A herpetologist in Cititon collects a sample of 28 pygmy softshell tortoises and finds that 8 of them have stripes on their shells. Is there enough evidence to conclude, at a significance of alpha = 0.05, that the proportion of pygmy softshell tortoises in Cititon with stripes on their shells is less than 31%? What is the claim? What is the null hypothesis? What is the alternative hypothesis? What is the test statistic? What is/are the critical value(s)? Do we reject the null hypothesis? What conclusion do we draw? What is the P-value for the problem above?arrow_forwardFrom a sample of 14 observations, an analyst calculates a t-statistic to test a hypothesis that the population mean is equal to zero. If the analyst chooses a 5% significance level, the appropriate critical value is: A. less than 1.80. B. greater than 2.16. C. between 1.80 and 2.16.arrow_forward
- In low-speed crash tests of five cars, the repair costs were computed for a factory authorizedrepair and an independent repair workshop. The results are listed in Table 2. Is there sufficientevidence to support the claim that the independent workshop has lower repair costs? Use a 0.01significance level.Table 2 car 1 2 3 4 5 authorized repair centre X1 RM797 RM571 RM904 RM1147 RM418 independent workshop X2 RM523 RM488 RM875 RM911 RM297 D=X1 - X2 274 83 29 236 121 D2 = (X1 -X2)2 75076 6889 841 55696 14641arrow_forwardA researcher randomly selects 1000 death certificates and, after interviewing the attending physician, records the following information about the deceased: at the significance of the level of 5%, do these data show that smoking and cause of death are independent? Do you hold any assumptions here? If so, are they satisfied?arrow_forwardA doctor claims that less than 30% of all persons exposed to a certain amount of radiation will feel any ill effects.If in a random sample only 1 of 19 persons exposed to such radiation felt any ill effects,test Ho:p=0.30 against H1:p<0.30 at the 0.05 level of significancearrow_forward
- A researcher randomly assigns college freshmen to either of two experimental conditions. Because both groups consist of college freshmen, someone claims that it is appropriate to use a t test for the two related samples. Comments?arrow_forwardRecently, the annual number of driver deaths per 100,000 for the selected age groups was as follows: Age Number of Driver Deaths per 100,000 16–19 38 20–24 36 25–34 24 35–54 20 55–74 18 75+ 28 Use the 4 steps of hypothesis testing to see if the prediction is significant with a criteria of alpha=.05 on the following data For each age group, pick the midpoint of the interval for the X value. (For the 75+ group, use 80.)arrow_forwardA random survey of enrollment at 10 community colleges across the United States yielded the following figures: 2523; 1707; 5420; 2835; 1129; 5452; 2360; 1448; 2958; and 4110. What is the 99% Error Bound (EBM) of the population mean?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
MATLAB: An Introduction with ApplicationsStatisticsISBN:9781119256830Author:Amos GilatPublisher:John Wiley & Sons Inc
Probability and Statistics for Engineering and th...StatisticsISBN:9781305251809Author:Jay L. DevorePublisher:Cengage Learning
Statistics for The Behavioral Sciences (MindTap C...StatisticsISBN:9781305504912Author:Frederick J Gravetter, Larry B. WallnauPublisher:Cengage Learning
Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World (7th E...StatisticsISBN:9780134683416Author:Ron Larson, Betsy FarberPublisher:PEARSON
The Basic Practice of StatisticsStatisticsISBN:9781319042578Author:David S. Moore, William I. Notz, Michael A. FlignerPublisher:W. H. Freeman
Introduction to the Practice of StatisticsStatisticsISBN:9781319013387Author:David S. Moore, George P. McCabe, Bruce A. CraigPublisher:W. H. Freeman
MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
Statistics
ISBN:9781119256830
Author:Amos Gilat
Publisher:John Wiley & Sons Inc
Probability and Statistics for Engineering and th...
Statistics
ISBN:9781305251809
Author:Jay L. Devore
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Statistics for The Behavioral Sciences (MindTap C...
Statistics
ISBN:9781305504912
Author:Frederick J Gravetter, Larry B. Wallnau
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World (7th E...
Statistics
ISBN:9780134683416
Author:Ron Larson, Betsy Farber
Publisher:PEARSON
The Basic Practice of Statistics
Statistics
ISBN:9781319042578
Author:David S. Moore, William I. Notz, Michael A. Fligner
Publisher:W. H. Freeman
Introduction to the Practice of Statistics
Statistics
ISBN:9781319013387
Author:David S. Moore, George P. McCabe, Bruce A. Craig
Publisher:W. H. Freeman
Mod-01 Lec-01 Discrete probability distributions (Part 1); Author: nptelhrd;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6x1pL9Yov1k;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Discrete Probability Distributions; Author: Learn Something;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m9U4UelWLFs;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Probability Distribution Functions (PMF, PDF, CDF); Author: zedstatistics;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YXLVjCKVP7U;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Discrete Distributions: Binomial, Poisson and Hypergeometric | Statistics for Data Science; Author: Dr. Bharatendra Rai;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lHhyy4JMigg;License: Standard Youtube License