0.22 micrometers

Q: 7- The material used in culture techniques is important because the surface of the vessel serves as…

A: Cell culture is the process by which cells are grown in an artificial environment, often outside of…

Q: 2. How would you expect the staining properties of 24-hour culture of Bacillus subtilis or the other…

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Q: 2. If a bacterium is Gram positive, what can you conclude?

A: Answer: Bacteria : These are the unicellular prokaryotes which cannot be seen through by our naked…

Q: Microorganism A was exposed to different constant temperatures to get the specific D- values.…

A: The Z-VALUE is the boom or decrease in temperature required to lessen or increase the decimal…

Q: 5. The favorable growing conditions of a microbe is at 37°C and pH 6. Which of the following…

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Q: 1.What would happen if an error occurs in a serial dilution?

A: Introduction  Dilution errors are flaws in sample preparation that occur between the time a sample…

Q: Why do we usually dilute cells before counting them in a hemocytometer?

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Q: 1. Surgical instruments are sterilized by heating them, while alcohol is used as disinfectant in…

A: Sterilization is defined as the process by which all microorganisms including viruses, bacteria,…

Q: 4. In standard plate counts, plates that are 'countable' contain between to colonies/plate. What…

A: 4 )      In standard plate counts , plates that are countable contain between 30 to 300  colonies/…

Q: 1. Microorganisms are usually measured using in nanometer and microns. Viruses are about only 0.004…

A: The study of tiny living creatures such as bacteria, viruses, fungus, algae, and protozoa is known…

Q: Urinary Tract Infection

A: 1. Critical threshold refers to transition range when small change in  spatial pattern produces…

Q: 3. One gram of soil was suspended in 9 ml saline and thoroughly mixed. From this suspension, 4…

A: CFU, colony-forming unit, is a unit that is used to determine the number of viable fungi or bacteria…

Q: 3. Why is it important to start a bacterial culture with a single, isolated colony?

A: A bacterial culture is the one which contains nutrient media required for the growth of bacteria.

Q: You have 0.05 ml of kombucha that contains microbes at a concentration of 8.2 x 10^6 CFU/ml. You…

A: Creating proper dilutions and working out the colony-forming units or CFU/ ml is one integral part…

Q: Why is Plasmodium species isolated usually in blood?

A: Plasmodium is a tiny protozoan, female Anopheles mosquito is the vector of this protozoan and picks…

Q: 4. Which media discussed in this exercise would be best for checking a water sample for potential E.…

A: A culture medium otherwise called a growth medium is a liquid or solid medium to support the growth…

Q: 1. What is the mechanism of action of penicillin? 2. Cells treated with penicillin do not die…

A: Penicillin inhibits the cell wall of bacteria by blocking transpeptidase after binding to…

Q: 1. What are the advantages of staining a bacterial preparation before observing it under a…

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Q: 1.Tabulate the similarities and differences between pasteurization and sterilisation, give examples.…

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Q: 1. Is a microscope an absolute necessity for studying microorganisms? Why or why not? 2. What do you…

A: 1:-Naked eyes have limitations to see object, they can't see the object having size less than…

Q: 1. How is UV radiation a good type of control mechanism against microbial growth? Please explain…

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Q: 1. Would a syringe filter with a pore size of 0.22 micrometers be able to completely remove all…

A: Microorganisms can be defined as the type of organisms that are minute and cannot be seen from the…

Q: 6)Which of the following statements is a reason why Acid-Fast Bacteria resist the Gram stain a)…

A: Answer.  Staining is a biochemical technique of adding a class-specific dye to a substrate to…

Q: 1. In addition to nutrients Lowenstein-Jensen (L-J) medium (used to culture Mycobacterium species…

A: As per our guidelines, we are supposed to answer only one question. Kindly repost other question as…

Q: 2. Why was sterile water used? 3. Why shaking the tube is important before diluting?

A: Microbiologists do successive dilutions to generate lowering concentrations of the original sample,…

Q: Although sparse, there is still visible growth of microorganisms in Plate D which is the…

A: Inoculation is defined as the act, process, or occurrence of inoculating, specifically from one…

Q: Some antibiotics show no zone of inhibition against the microbe. How is this possible? Explain how…

A: The zone of inhibition is basically the circular area around the spot of antibiotic in which the…

Q: Staining microorganisms provides a wealth of information about them. A. As a laboratory technician,…

A: Gram staining technique is one of the most common techniques used to distinguish and classify…

Q: 1. In a serial dilution, one initially sets a starting dilution and adds an aliquot portion of it…

A: Serial Dilution is a important procedure to obtain the desired concentration of reagent or serum or…

Q: Why is heating the inoculating loop so important in microbiology? 2. Why is it that moist heat is…

A: Inoculating loop is a simple microbiological tool which is used by microbiologist to transfer a…

Q: After an antimicrobial drugs test, the following results were obtained from a disk-diffusion test…

A: The antibiotic disc diffusion test is usually performed on an agar plate. The agar plate contains a…

Q: Why are the streak plates made from a sample of coconut water incubated at 7°C?

A: Answer: STREAK PLATE METHOD = This is the method to culture bacterial growth in microbiology…

Q: You are interested in the total bacterial load of the bat guano. In order to determine this, you go…

A: For calculation of total bacterial count we choose the solution that usually gives the colony number…

Q: 1. How is UV radiation a good type of control mechanism against microbial growth? Please explain…

A: # According to our guideline we can answer only the first question. Upload the 2nd question…

Q: 1. Answer the questions in the Think About It a. What are some factors used to determine the BSL…

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Q: Filtration does/is NOT...? a) Sterilize heat sensitive liquids b) Kill microbes c) Sterilize…

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Q: 3. You count 116 CFU on a pour plate. The plate was prepared by spreading 0.l mL of a 1:10,000…

A: Answer: CFU : Colony Forming Units is the number of viable bacterial cells per millilitre of a…

Q: (2) how are aseptic technique similar and different in the lab and Healthcare field?Be specific and…

A: Aseptic techniques are very important in healthcare as well as in the laboratory. In surgical…

Q: 2.  you do the Kirby-Bauer test on a hypothetical Staphylococcus species with penicillin and…

A: In Kirby-Bauer testing, bacteria are placed on a plate of solid growth medium and wafers of…

Q: 2. Differentiate antiseptics and disinfectants. Include examples of each in your answer. Indicate…

A: Since you have asked multiple questions, we will solve the first question for you. If you want any…

Q: why is there a need to incubate cultures at room temperature? How can this affect microbes?

A: The most important reason for incubating cultures at room temperatures is that specific bacteria are…

Q: The colonies on a negative MSA plate would appear _____________.   2. "E. Coli and S. epidermidis…

A: MSA stands for Mannitol Salt Agar. The MSA plate is often used for halophilic bacterias. Halophilic…

Q: What is the most common sterilization technique used in laboratories?

A: According to the guidelines we have to answer only first question, rest you can ask separately thank…

Q: . Why not test water samples directly for Salmonella typhosa or other pathogens?

A: Salmonella Typhi bacteria infect the blood and intestine of humans. The disease caused by this…

Q: 3A.) A throat and nasal sample are taken from a patient to determine the type of bacterial infection…

A: Gram staining is a technique utilised to differentiate two large groups of bacteria according to…

Q: 1. Why is it helpful that the transmission compound light microscopes we studied in lab are both…

A: Introduction A microscope is a scientific tool that is used to study items that are too small for…

Q: 6. Which statement is incorrect for the pathogenic= spirochetes? A Stain well with Gram stain…

A: For the first time in history, spirochetes contain endocellular flagella (axial fibrils, also known…

Q: 4. Determine the potential volume change (%) or shrinkage after placing bacteria with an internal…

A: A hypertonic solution has raised solute concentration and caused a net flow of water outside the…

Q: Microorganism A was exposed to different constant temperatures to get the specific D- values.…

A: The z-value is a measure of the change of the D-value with varying temperature, and is a simplified…