![EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/8220100853180/8220100853180_largeCoverImage.jpg)
Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The time in days has to be calculated for Iodine-125 sample to drop to one-fourth of its original level if half-life of iodine-125 is 60 days.
Concept Introduction:
Radioactive nuclides undergo disintegration by emission of radiation. All the radioactive nuclide do not undergo the decay at a same rate. Some decay rapidly and others decay very slowly. The nuclear stability can be quantitatively expressed by using the half-life.
The time required for half quantity of the radioactive substance to undergo decay is known as half-life. It is represented as
The equation that relates amount of decayed radioactive material, amount of undecayed radioactive material and the time elapsed can be given as,
(b)
Interpretation:
The time in days has to be calculated for Iodine-125 sample to drop to 1/16 of its original level if half-life of iodine-125 is 60 days.
Concept Introduction:
Radioactive nuclides undergo disintegration by emission of radiation. All the radioactive nuclide do not undergo the decay at a same rate. Some decay rapidly and others decay very slowly. The nuclear stability can be quantitatively expressed by using the half-life.
The time required for half quantity of the radioactive substance to undergo decay is known as half-life. It is represented as
The equation that relates amount of decayed radioactive material, amount of undecayed radioactive material and the time elapsed can be given as,
![Check Mark](/static/check-mark.png)
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
![Blurred answer](/static/blurred-answer.jpg)
Chapter 11 Solutions
EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH
- Phosphorus-32, a radioisotope used in leukemia therapy, has a half-life of about 14 days. Approximately what percentage of a sample remains after eight weeks?arrow_forwardRADIATION RBE Alpha particles 10-20 Beta particles 1.0–1.7 Gamma rays 1.0 and X-rays Slow neutrons 4-5 Protons Fast neutrons Heavy ions 20 As a part of proton therapy, you are exposed to 45 mrad of protons. What is your dose in mrem? NOTE: You do NOT have to show your work for this problem. 10arrow_forwardExplain how the type of decay, the half life and the chemical properties make the following radionuclides suitable for the given applications: A single gram of polonium will reach a temperature of 500°C making it useful as a source of heat for space equipment (α emitter, half lives of polonium isotopes range from less than a second to 200 years).arrow_forward
- The half-life of mercury-197 is 64.1 hours. If a patient undergoing a kidney scan is given 5.0 ng of mercury-197, how much will remain after 7 days? After 30 days?arrow_forwardBriefly explain how Beta and Gamma radiation can be detected in a medical setting. 200 words, please can you write it on paper.arrow_forwardMany radioactive isotopes are used in medicine for imaging and treatment purposes. The specific isotopes used depends on the particular organ or body system being studied (for example, Xe-133 is used to image lung function and blood flow.) Technetium-99m is a common radioactive isotope using for a variety of medical applications. It is produced from the decay of Molybdenum-99 and has a half-life of 6.01 hours. What are some of the applications of Tc-99m? While harder to access, another radioactive isotope of technetium, Tc-93, has a half-life of 2.73 hours. If it were easier to harvest, would this be a good substitute for Tc-99m? (remember to explain why for full credit) While Tc-99m has a half-life of 6.01 hours, its decay product has a half-life of 213,000 years. While the medical community considers it to be reasonably safe, within the limits of testing, does this make sense considering both chemical and biological principles? What are possible ways that you might deal with or…arrow_forward
- Polonium is a rare element with 33 radioisotopes. The most common one, 210Po, has 82 protons and 128 neutrons. When 210Po decays, it emits an alpha particle, which is a helium nucleus (2 protons and 2 neutrons). 210Po decay is tricky to detect because alpha particles do not carry very much energy compared to other forms of radiation. For example, they can be stopped by a single sheet of paper or a few inches of air. That is one reason that authorities failed to discover toxic amounts of 210Po in the body of former KGB agent Alexander Litvinenko until after he died suddenly and mysteriously in 2006. What element does an atom of 210Po become after it emits an alpha particle?arrow_forwardIf 6 Gy of 250 kV x-rays kills 30% of tumor cells, and 4 Gy of a neutron beam kills the same percent of tumor cells, the RBE of the neutron beam is equal toarrow_forwardPlease answer the following question in at least 2 paragraphs. Explain why you agree or disagree with each of the following statements: a. We should not worry much about exposure to toxic chemicals because almost any chemical, at a large enough dosage, can cause some harm.arrow_forward
- Epithelial tissue is very sensitive to radiation. List specificstructures that include epithelial tissue likely to bedamaged by radiation.arrow_forwardIn relation to the Doses and Sources of Radiation, give examples of Radioactive sources (non-sealed) in medicine for Medical Imaging.arrow_forwardA sample to be used for medical imaging is labeled with 18F,which has a half-life of 110 min. What percentage of the originalactivity in the sample remains after 300 min?arrow_forward
- Biology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (Mi...BiologyISBN:9781305117396Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa StarrPublisher:Cengage Learning
![Text book image](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781305117396/9781305117396_smallCoverImage.gif)