Genetics: From Genes to Genomes, 5th edition
Genetics: From Genes to Genomes, 5th edition
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780073525310
Author: Leland H. Hartwell, Michael L. Goldberg, Janice A. Fischer, Leroy Hood, Charles F. Aquadro
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 11, Problem 20P
Summary Introduction

a.

To determine:

The explanation for the results obtained.

Introduction:

The telomerase refers to a ribonucleoprotein that adds a repeat sequence to the 3' end of the telomeres.

Summary Introduction

b.

To determine:

The reason one should be cautious while trying treatments.

Introduction:

The enzyme telomerase is responsible for maintaining the length of the telomeres. The telomerase enzymes add a repetitive guanine-rich sequence to the telomeres.

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a. How do bacteria increase the efficiency of gene expression? Is this possible in eukaryotes? b. A mutation in the promoter of Gene K disrupts an enzyme binding site and results in the loss of Gene K expression. Is this change in gene expression likely happening at the transcriptional or the translational level? Explain. c. Propose three different mutations to prevent initiation, elongation, and termination of bacterial transcription, respectively. Explain how/why each mutation would prevent its respective step. (Hint: mutations can be in genes that encode proteins or regulatory DNA sequences)
Telomerase is an attractive cancer target since 85% - 90% of tumors express telomerase (while normal cells express little to no telomerase). One paradigm in this model is the “cancer stem cell” hypothesis. Cancer stem cells (or tumor-initiating cells with stem-cell like properties) can self-renew, as well as give rise to heterogeneous tumor cell populations (essentially, they are believed to be responsible for the formation and maintenance of the tumor). If these cells are indeed “stem-like” they also divide more slowly, and presumably express telomerase (like normal stem cells).Do you think a treatment strategy that inhibits telomerase would be effective in treating cancer? How does the cancer stem cell hypothesis complicate or compliment these strategies? Justify your answer.
a. How many enhancers were you able to identify with these set of experiments? Explain. b. If you find any enhancer, in what genetic region, number of base pairs upstream from MRPA, are they located? Explain.
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Mitochondrial mutations; Author: Useful Genetics;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GvgXe-3RJeU;License: CC-BY