a. To determine: The mechanism that prevents the end-to-end fusion of chromosomes. Introduction: The chromosomes are condensed structures that are formed during the early phases of cell division from the loose network of chromatin thread and then regain their original structure after being divided into daughter cells.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 11, Problem 26P

Summary Introduction

a.

To determine:

The mechanism that prevents the end-to-end fusion of chromosomes.

Introduction:

The chromosomes are condensed structures that are formed during the early phases of cell division from the loose network of chromatin thread and then regain their original structure after being divided into daughter cells.

Summary Introduction

b.

To determine:

The effect of X-rays on the chromosomal fragments.

Introduction:

Meiosis, also known as the reductional division, is the second type of cell division that takes place in eukaryotes. The cell division is marked by a decrease in the chromosome number to half. This type of cell division allows the recombination of the genes on the chromosomes to produce a zygote. The two diploid cells undergo division to produce four haploid daughter cells.

Summary Introduction

c.

To determine:

The reason due to which chromosomal fusion act as a bridge during mitosis.

Introduction:

The mitosis is divided into four stages that are prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Anaphase is the third stage of mitosis where the centromeres split and carry chromosomes to their respective poles through attachment with spindle fibres.

Summary Introduction

d.

To determine:

The events that take place during mitotic anaphase on the chromosomal fragment.

Introduction:

Anaphase is the stage in meiosis and mitosis which is characterized by the separation of the two arms of the chromosomes due to the contraction of spindle fibres and then moves the chromosomes at respective poles from where they can be distributed to separate cells during telophase.

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Students have asked these similar questions

A cytogeneticist is studying the cells from an abnormal female monkey. In some cells, she finds that both X-chromosomes are active (i.e. not packaged into a Barr body), although one of the X-chromosomes appears shorter. She also finds that one of the autosomes are packaged as a Barr body, and she suspects that a translocation event might have been involved. By referring to the mechanism of X-chromosome inactivation, explain the observations made by the scientist

Colchicine is a chemical mutagen that inhibits the spindle formation and prevents anaphase, which retains the cell’s single restitution nucleus (doubled chromosome number). Suppose that an onion (2n=16) is subjected to three consecutive rounds of colchicine treatment, what will be the resulting chromosome number of the treated onion?

● ● Illustrate the chromosome changes in interphase and mitosis using a diploid cell that is 2n=4 (two large and two small chromosomes). Label the circles as G1 and G2 stages of interphase and each phase of mitosis (in order). Draw the chromosome in each circle using the following guidelines. 1) For unreplicated chromosome draw a line (/) and for replicated chromosome draw an X. 2) For simplicity, do not indicate that the chromosomes are decondensed chromatin during interphase. 3) Skip drawing the nuclear membrane or spindle fibers, since we are focusing on the chromosomes. Label genes in the resulting daughter cells as A/a and B/b. (These letters represent genes which are at particular places along the DNA molecule. Each chromosomes can have a thousand genes but we are focusing on these two.) Ask me Qs in class if anythign on this is not clear.

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 11, Problem 26P

Summary Introduction

a.

To determine:

The mechanism that prevents the end-to-end fusion of chromosomes.

Introduction:

The chromosomes are condensed structures that are formed during the early phases of cell division from the loose network of chromatin thread and then regain their original structure after being divided into daughter cells.

Summary Introduction

b.

To determine:

The effect of X-rays on the chromosomal fragments.

Introduction:

Meiosis, also known as the reductional division, is the second type of cell division that takes place in eukaryotes. The cell division is marked by a decrease in the chromosome number to half. This type of cell division allows the recombination of the genes on the chromosomes to produce a zygote. The two diploid cells undergo division to produce four haploid daughter cells.

Summary Introduction

c.

To determine:

The reason due to which chromosomal fusion act as a bridge during mitosis.

Introduction:

The mitosis is divided into four stages that are prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Anaphase is the third stage of mitosis where the centromeres split and carry chromosomes to their respective poles through attachment with spindle fibres.

Summary Introduction

d.

To determine:

The events that take place during mitotic anaphase on the chromosomal fragment.

Introduction:

Anaphase is the stage in meiosis and mitosis which is characterized by the separation of the two arms of the chromosomes due to the contraction of spindle fibres and then moves the chromosomes at respective poles from where they can be distributed to separate cells during telophase.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 11, Problem 26P

Summary Introduction

a.

To determine:

The mechanism that prevents the end-to-end fusion of chromosomes.

Introduction:

The chromosomes are condensed structures that are formed during the early phases of cell division from the loose network of chromatin thread and then regain their original structure after being divided into daughter cells.

Summary Introduction

b.

To determine:

The effect of X-rays on the chromosomal fragments.

Introduction:

Meiosis, also known as the reductional division, is the second type of cell division that takes place in eukaryotes. The cell division is marked by a decrease in the chromosome number to half. This type of cell division allows the recombination of the genes on the chromosomes to produce a zygote. The two diploid cells undergo division to produce four haploid daughter cells.

Summary Introduction

c.

To determine:

The reason due to which chromosomal fusion act as a bridge during mitosis.

Introduction:

The mitosis is divided into four stages that are prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Anaphase is the third stage of mitosis where the centromeres split and carry chromosomes to their respective poles through attachment with spindle fibres.

Summary Introduction

d.

To determine:

The events that take place during mitotic anaphase on the chromosomal fragment.

Introduction:

Anaphase is the stage in meiosis and mitosis which is characterized by the separation of the two arms of the chromosomes due to the contraction of spindle fibres and then moves the chromosomes at respective poles from where they can be distributed to separate cells during telophase.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 11, Problem 26P

Summary Introduction

a.

To determine:

The mechanism that prevents the end-to-end fusion of chromosomes.

Introduction:

The chromosomes are condensed structures that are formed during the early phases of cell division from the loose network of chromatin thread and then regain their original structure after being divided into daughter cells.

Summary Introduction

b.

To determine:

The effect of X-rays on the chromosomal fragments.

Introduction:

Meiosis, also known as the reductional division, is the second type of cell division that takes place in eukaryotes. The cell division is marked by a decrease in the chromosome number to half. This type of cell division allows the recombination of the genes on the chromosomes to produce a zygote. The two diploid cells undergo division to produce four haploid daughter cells.

Summary Introduction

c.

To determine:

The reason due to which chromosomal fusion act as a bridge during mitosis.

Introduction:

The mitosis is divided into four stages that are prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Anaphase is the third stage of mitosis where the centromeres split and carry chromosomes to their respective poles through attachment with spindle fibres.

Summary Introduction

d.

To determine:

The events that take place during mitotic anaphase on the chromosomal fragment.

Introduction:

Anaphase is the stage in meiosis and mitosis which is characterized by the separation of the two arms of the chromosomes due to the contraction of spindle fibres and then moves the chromosomes at respective poles from where they can be distributed to separate cells during telophase.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 5

Chapter 11, Problem 26P

Summary Introduction

a.

To determine:

The mechanism that prevents the end-to-end fusion of chromosomes.

Introduction:

The chromosomes are condensed structures that are formed during the early phases of cell division from the loose network of chromatin thread and then regain their original structure after being divided into daughter cells.

Summary Introduction

b.

To determine:

The effect of X-rays on the chromosomal fragments.

Introduction:

Meiosis, also known as the reductional division, is the second type of cell division that takes place in eukaryotes. The cell division is marked by a decrease in the chromosome number to half. This type of cell division allows the recombination of the genes on the chromosomes to produce a zygote. The two diploid cells undergo division to produce four haploid daughter cells.

Summary Introduction

c.

To determine:

The reason due to which chromosomal fusion act as a bridge during mitosis.

Introduction:

The mitosis is divided into four stages that are prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Anaphase is the third stage of mitosis where the centromeres split and carry chromosomes to their respective poles through attachment with spindle fibres.

Summary Introduction

d.

To determine:

The events that take place during mitotic anaphase on the chromosomal fragment.

Introduction:

Anaphase is the stage in meiosis and mitosis which is characterized by the separation of the two arms of the chromosomes due to the contraction of spindle fibres and then moves the chromosomes at respective poles from where they can be distributed to separate cells during telophase.

Answer 6

Chapter 11, Problem 26P

Summary Introduction

a.

To determine:

The mechanism that prevents the end-to-end fusion of chromosomes.

Introduction:

The chromosomes are condensed structures that are formed during the early phases of cell division from the loose network of chromatin thread and then regain their original structure after being divided into daughter cells.

Answer 7

Chapter 11, Problem 26P

Summary Introduction

a.

To determine:

The mechanism that prevents the end-to-end fusion of chromosomes.

Introduction:

The chromosomes are condensed structures that are formed during the early phases of cell division from the loose network of chromatin thread and then regain their original structure after being divided into daughter cells.

Answer 8

Summary Introduction

b.

To determine:

The effect of X-rays on the chromosomal fragments.

Introduction:

Meiosis, also known as the reductional division, is the second type of cell division that takes place in eukaryotes. The cell division is marked by a decrease in the chromosome number to half. This type of cell division allows the recombination of the genes on the chromosomes to produce a zygote. The two diploid cells undergo division to produce four haploid daughter cells.

Answer 9

Summary Introduction

b.

To determine:

The effect of X-rays on the chromosomal fragments.

Introduction:

Meiosis, also known as the reductional division, is the second type of cell division that takes place in eukaryotes. The cell division is marked by a decrease in the chromosome number to half. This type of cell division allows the recombination of the genes on the chromosomes to produce a zygote. The two diploid cells undergo division to produce four haploid daughter cells.

Answer 10

Summary Introduction

c.

To determine:

The reason due to which chromosomal fusion act as a bridge during mitosis.

Introduction:

The mitosis is divided into four stages that are prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Anaphase is the third stage of mitosis where the centromeres split and carry chromosomes to their respective poles through attachment with spindle fibres.

Answer 11

Summary Introduction

c.

To determine:

The reason due to which chromosomal fusion act as a bridge during mitosis.

Introduction:

The mitosis is divided into four stages that are prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Anaphase is the third stage of mitosis where the centromeres split and carry chromosomes to their respective poles through attachment with spindle fibres.

Answer 12

Summary Introduction

d.

To determine:

The events that take place during mitotic anaphase on the chromosomal fragment.

Introduction:

Anaphase is the stage in meiosis and mitosis which is characterized by the separation of the two arms of the chromosomes due to the contraction of spindle fibres and then moves the chromosomes at respective poles from where they can be distributed to separate cells during telophase.

Answer 13

Summary Introduction

d.

To determine:

The events that take place during mitotic anaphase on the chromosomal fragment.

Introduction:

Anaphase is the stage in meiosis and mitosis which is characterized by the separation of the two arms of the chromosomes due to the contraction of spindle fibres and then moves the chromosomes at respective poles from where they can be distributed to separate cells during telophase.

Answer 14

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Answer 15

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Answer 16

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Answer 17

Ch. 11 - For each of the terms in the left column, choose...Ch. 11 - Many proteins other than histones are found...Ch. 11 - What difference is there in the compaction of...Ch. 11 - What is the role of the core histones in...Ch. 11 - a. About how many molecules of histone H2A would...Ch. 11 - The enzyme micrococcal nuclease can cleave...Ch. 11 - a. What letters are used to represent the short...Ch. 11 - About 2000 G bands are visible in a...Ch. 11 - Suppose you performed a fluorescence in situ...Ch. 11 - Which of the following would be suggested by a...

Solution Summary: The author explains the mechanism that prevents the end-to-end fusion of chromosomes in eukaryotes.

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