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Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The sixteen possible alkadiene constitutional isomers has to be drawn and IUPAC name has to be given with the formula of
Concept Introduction:
Organic compounds are represented shortly by the molecular formula and structural formula. Each and every compound has its own molecular formula. Compounds can have same molecular formula but not same structural formula.
Isomers are the compounds that have same molecular formula but different structural formula. The main difference lies in the way the atoms are arranged in the structure. Isomers have different chemical and physical properties even when they have same molecular formula. This is known as Isomerism.
If there is difference only in the connectivity of the atoms in the molecule, then it is known as constitutional isomerism. The isomers are known as constitutional isomers. They will have same molecular formula and same
In case of
Skeletal isomers are a type of constitutional isomers which have different carbon‑atom arrangement and have the same functional group in them.
Positional isomers are a type of constitutional isomers which have same carbon‑atom arrangement and have difference in location of functional group in them.
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Chapter 13 Solutions
EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH
- Spermaceti, a fragrant substance isolated from sperm whales, was commonly used in cosmetics until it was banned in 1976 to protect the whales from extinction. Chemically, spermaceti is cetyl palmitate, the ester of palmiticacid with cetyl alcohol (the straight-chain 16-carbon alcohol). Draw the structure of spermaceti.arrow_forwardDraw structures of the following compounds:(a) cis-Hept-3-ene(b) cis-4-Methylpent-2-ene(c) trans-2,5-Dimethylhex-3-enearrow_forwardDraw condensed structural formulas for all products obtained from the complete hydrolysis of the following triacylglycerol.arrow_forward
- Drawn are four isomeric dimethylcyclopropanes. How are the compounds in each pair related (enantiomers, diastereomers, constitutional isomers): A and B; A and C; B and C; C and D?arrow_forwardDraw a Lewis structure for hydroxylamine, NH2OH.arrow_forwardGive at least 10 examples of biological compounds having an alkyne functional group and identify the biochemical importance of each compound.arrow_forward
- What is the IUPAC name of the following compound?arrow_forwardWhat is the systematic IUPAC name of the following compound? (3S,4E)-3-ethyl-3,4-dimethyl-1,4-hexadiene (3S,4Z)-3-ethyl-3,4-dimethyl-1,4-hexadiene (3R,4Z)-3-ethyl-3,4-dimethyl-1,4-hexadiene (3R,4E)-3-ethyl-3,4-dimethyl-1,4-hexadienearrow_forwardDraw the structures of the following compounds. (Includes both new and old names.) 3-cyclopentylhexan-3-olarrow_forward
- The explosive trinitrotoluene (TNT) is made by carrying out three successive nitration reactions on toluene. If these nitrations only occur in the ortho and para positions relative to the methyl group, what is the structure of TNT?arrow_forwardGive one specific sample structure (Fischer Projection or Haworth) of the following carbohydrate derivatives: - Alditols - Deoxy-sugararrow_forwardIn observing a Haworth or cyclohexane-chair representation of alpha-d-glucopyranose, the anomeric carbon can de best identified by: a) the carbon atom which is bonded to the most H atoms b) the carbon atom which is bonded to the least H atoms c) The carbon atom which has its OH group pointing down d) The carbon atom which is bonded to two oxygen atoms Cellulose differs from amylose in that: a) cellulose has 1-6 branches while amylose does not b) amylose has 1-6 branches while cellulose does not c) amylose has alpha glycosidic bonds while cellulose has beta glycosidic bonds d) cellulose contains sulfate while amylose does not. The glycosaminoglycan (mucopolysaccharide) which is not normally associated with joint tissue is: a) heparin b) keratan sulfate c) chondroitin sulfate d) hyaluronic acid In glycoproteins, which amino acid does not bond sugar molecules? a) Asn b) Ser c) Thr d) Gly Which feature do all lipid molecules share in common? a) fatty acid molecules…arrow_forward
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