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Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The total number of constitutional isomers that is possible for a unbranched chain of six carbon atoms with a double bond has to be given.
Concept Introduction:
Organic compounds are represented shortly by the molecular formula and structural formula. Each and every compound has its own molecular formula. Compounds can have same molecular formula but not same structural formula.
Isomers are the compounds that have same molecular formula but different structural formula. The main difference lies in the way the atoms are arranged in the structure. Isomers have different chemical and physical properties even when they have same molecular formula. This is known as Isomerism.
If there is difference only in the connectivity of the atoms in the molecule, then it is known as constitutional isomerism. The isomers are known as constitutional isomers. They will have same molecular formula and same
In case of
Skeletal isomers are a type of constitutional isomers which have different carbon‑atom arrangement and have the same functional group in them.
Positional isomers are a type of constitutional isomers which have same carbon‑atom arrangement and have difference in location of functional group in them.
(b)
Interpretation:
The total number of constitutional isomers that is possible for a unbranched chain of six carbon atoms with two double bonds has to be given.
Concept Introduction:
Organic compounds are represented shortly by the molecular formula and structural formula. Each and every compound has its own molecular formula. Compounds can have same molecular formula but not same structural formula.
Isomers are the compounds that have same molecular formula but different structural formula. The main difference lies in the way the atoms are arranged in the structure. Isomers have different chemical and physical properties even when they have same molecular formula. This is known as Isomerism.
If there is difference only in the connectivity of the atoms in the molecule, then it is known as constitutional isomerism. The isomers are known as constitutional isomers. They will have same molecular formula and same functional group, but they differ in the connectivity between the atoms in the molecule.
In case of alkenes, two different constitutional isomers subtypes are possible. They are skeletal isomers and positional isomers.
Skeletal isomers are a type of constitutional isomers which have different carbon‑atom arrangement and have the same functional group in them.
Positional isomers are a type of constitutional isomers which have same carbon‑atom arrangement and have difference in location of functional group in them.
(c)
Interpretation:
The total number of constitutional isomers that is possible for a compound with six carbon atoms in which a methyl group and a double bond is present has to be given.
Concept Introduction:
Organic compounds are represented shortly by the molecular formula and structural formula. Each and every compound has its own molecular formula. Compounds can have same molecular formula but not same structural formula.
Isomers are the compounds that have same molecular formula but different structural formula. The main difference lies in the way the atoms are arranged in the structure. Isomers have different chemical and physical properties even when they have same molecular formula. This is known as Isomerism.
If there is difference only in the connectivity of the atoms in the molecule, then it is known as constitutional isomerism. The isomers are known as constitutional isomers. They will have same molecular formula and same functional group, but they differ in the connectivity between the atoms in the molecule.
In case of alkenes, two different constitutional isomers subtypes are possible. They are skeletal isomers and positional isomers.
Skeletal isomers are a type of constitutional isomers which have different carbon‑atom arrangement and have the same functional group in them.
Positional isomers are a type of constitutional isomers which have same carbon‑atom arrangement and have difference in location of functional group in them.
(d)
Interpretation:
The total number of constitutional isomers that is possible for a compound with six carbon atoms in which two methyl groups and a double bond is present has to be given.
Concept Introduction:
Organic compounds are represented shortly by the molecular formula and structural formula. Each and every compound has its own molecular formula. Compounds can have same molecular formula but not same structural formula.
Isomers are the compounds that have same molecular formula but different structural formula. The main difference lies in the way the atoms are arranged in the structure. Isomers have different chemical and physical properties even when they have same molecular formula. This is known as Isomerism.
If there is difference only in the connectivity of the atoms in the molecule, then it is known as constitutional isomerism. The isomers are known as constitutional isomers. They will have same molecular formula and same functional group, but they differ in the connectivity between the atoms in the molecule.
In case of alkenes, two different constitutional isomers subtypes are possible. They are skeletal isomers and positional isomers.
Skeletal isomers are a type of constitutional isomers which have different carbon‑atom arrangement and have the same functional group in them.
Positional isomers are a type of constitutional isomers which have same carbon‑atom arrangement and have difference in location of functional group in them.
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Chapter 13 Solutions
EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH
- Based on the picture, which of the following functional groups is found in molecules #8? A. Amino B. Phosphate C. Methyl D. Thiolarrow_forwardChoose from the following pairs. Which are constitutional isomers? Pair A Br Br and CH3 CH3 Pair B CH3 CH3 H. C1 H. and `H H H. H. Ci A both pair A and B B neither A nor B A D Вarrow_forwardDescribe the structural similarities and differences of the following pairs. Identify which of these is a structural isomer, and how to identify structural isomers. a. Glucose and Mannose b. Galactose and Fructose c. Ribulose and Xylulose d. ribose and glucosearrow_forward
- For the following peptide: group 3 C-NH, CH, H 40 2 group 1 NH, HO. CH group 4 N. N-H group 2 Which of the bond in the structure is NOT free to rotate? A. Bond 4 B. Bond 3 C. Bond 2 D. Bond 1 O E. None of these 3.arrow_forwardDefine the following terms:a. optical isomerb. isoelectric pointc. peptide bondd. disulfide bridgee. Schiff basearrow_forwardAs you find the correct pairings that maximize the number of hydrogen bonds within pairs, what else do you notice about the structure of the correct pairs?arrow_forward
- Which of the following(s) is/are TRUE? 1 pc A) purines and pyrimidines bond because they form equal number of bonds between them B) purines and pyrimidines bond because they add up to have 3 rings on the "rug" of the "ladder" C) purines are one ringers O D) pyrimidines are one ringers Both A and B are true Both A and C are true Both A and D are true Both B and C are true Both B and D are truearrow_forwardWhich of the following is not true about the properties of a peptide (amide) bond? a.The bond order of the peptide bond is 2 b.The bond is in resonance which makes it (and the 6 atoms around it and included within it) planar c.Delocalization of electrons through the peptide bond contributes to a net dipole for the bond d.Peptide bonds are very, very strongly favored to be in the trans conformation, but proline is an exception because it is more isoenergetic due to its sidechain ring, and can be cis.arrow_forwardThe carbohydrates (CHOs), with a general formula of (CH₂O)n, are rich in hydroxyl groups. This allows the carbohydrates incredibly diversity of structure and function. Match the structural feature with the functional feature allowed. CHOs are useful for fast energy production. CHOs are widely used to mediate molecular recognition events. CHOS are widely used as structural materials. 1. 2. 3. Hydroxyl groups can interact extremely well with water. Hydroxyl groups can be extensively derivatized and functionalized. Hydroxyl groups allow CHOs to form extensive H-bonded networks.arrow_forward
- Which of the following Fischer structure is represented by the given Haworth structure? CH,OH CHO HO-H HFOH H FOH HOH "CH,OH CHOH CHO HOH HO H H OH HFOH CH,OH сно H OH -O- HOH H OH HFOH CH OH HOH HOH HO-H CH,OH D. но- C. A O B Darrow_forwardWhich of the following bonds is/are likely to be polar (choose all that apply)? a. H-H b. O-H c. C-H d. O-Oarrow_forwardA monosaccharide designated as an aldehyde sugar contains (a) a terminal carboxyl group (b) an internal carboxyl group (c) a terminal carbonyl group (d) an internal carbonyl group (e) a terminal carboxyl group and an internal carbonyl grouparrow_forward
- Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781337392938Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. BergPublisher:Cengage Learning
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