Concept explainers
a.
Interpretation:
Structure of an L-aldopentose has to be given.
Concept Introduction:
Simplest carbohydrates are known as monosaccharides. They contain three to six carbons generally in a chain form with a carbonyl group present in the terminal or the adjacent carbon atom from the terminal. Monosaccharides that have the carbonyl group at the terminal carbon atom
The number of carbon atoms present in the chain characterize the monosaccharide. They are given below.
- Carbon chain with three carbon atoms is triose.
- Carbon chain with four carbon atoms is tetrose.
- Carbon chain with five carbon atoms is as pentose.
- Carbon chain with six carbon atoms is as hexose.
A carbon atom that is bonded to four different groups is known as a chiral carbon atom. This can rotate the plane polarized light. D- and L- isomers of monosaccharide can be identified by looking into the chiral center that is farther from the carbonyl group. In a Fischer projection, if the
b.
Interpretation:
Structure of a D-aldotetrose has to be given.
Concept Introduction:
Refer part “a.”.
c.
Interpretation:
Structure of a five-carbon alditol has to be given.
Concept Introduction:
Carbohydrates undergo reduction similar to an
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 14 Solutions
Principles of General, Organic, Biological Chemistry
- Fructose, present with glucose in honey, reacts with Benedicts reagent. Circle the structural features that enable fructose to react.arrow_forwardA monosaccharide is __________. a. a simple sugar containing three or more carbons b. a carbohydrate with higher molecular weight than a disaccharide c. made from amine (−NH2) and carboxylic acid (−COOH) functional groups d. a large biological molecule consisting of one or more chains of amino acidsarrow_forwardA monosaccharide that consists of 4 carbon atoms, one of which is part of a aldehyde functional group, is classified as a(n) a). Aldotetrose b). Aldohexose c). Ketotetrose d). Ketohexosearrow_forward
- What is a ketopentose?arrow_forwarda) Draw structural formulas for the two monosaccharides that result when structure III istreated as shown below. (b) Draw the monosaccharide that results when product A from the previous step (Q1a) istreated with Br2/H2O. (c) Draw the monosaccharide that results when product A from the previous step (Q1a) istreated with 1.NaBH4 / 2. H2O.arrow_forwardHow to prepare 0.2% starch suspensionarrow_forward
- Explain how an anomer is created using glucose as an examplearrow_forwardA - Describe the following glycosidic linkage in disaccharide “5”: For example, format your answer like: a(1>3) or B(1>2) B - Describe the following glycosidic linkage in disaccharide “6”: For example, format your answer like: a(1>3) or B(1>2)arrow_forwardBenedict’s solution can be used to distinguish between: a) fructose and glucose b) maltose and lactose c) maltose and amylose d) amylose and amylopectinarrow_forward
- Which one is b-D glucose and which one is a-L glucose ? 2. Which one is b-fructose and which a-L fructose?arrow_forwardWhich statement about saccharides is correct? (A). Alpha anomers are more common than beta anoomers. (B). Two monosaccharides can form a disaccharide and oxygen. (C). Polysaccharides with alpha or beta glycosidic linkages have the different properties. (D). Disaccharides can be cyclic or acyclic.arrow_forward
- World of Chemistry, 3rd editionChemistryISBN:9781133109655Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan L. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Brooks / Cole / Cengage LearningChemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...ChemistryISBN:9781305960060Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. HansenPublisher:Cengage LearningIntroductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approa...ChemistryISBN:9781305079250Author:Mark S. Cracolice, Ed PetersPublisher:Cengage Learning
- General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781285853918Author:H. Stephen StokerPublisher:Cengage LearningOrganic And Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305081079Author:STOKER, H. Stephen (howard Stephen)Publisher:Cengage Learning,