Biological Science (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780321976499
Author: Scott Freeman, Kim Quillin, Lizabeth Allison, Michael Black, Emily Taylor, Greg Podgorski, Jeff Carmichael
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 14, Problem 5TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
According to the chromosomal theory of inheritance, chromosomes are the genetic material carriers in an individual. The theory is an extension to the Mendelian laws of inheritance as it recognizes the chromosomes as a paired factor. Law of independent assortment of genes proposed by Mendel states the segregation of different genes independently from one another.
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In fruit flies, eye color is carried on the X chromosome. The allele for red eyes is dominant over its recessive allele, white eyes. -Cross a heterozygous female to a white-eyed male
1st Question to answer ---- How many genotypes are possible among the offspring?
2nd Question to answer ---- How many phenotypes are possible among the offspring?
3rd Question to answer ---- What is the probability of getting a red-eyed male?
4th Question to answer ---- What is the probability of getting a white-eyed male?
5th Question to answer ---- What is the probability of getting a red-eyed female?
6th Question to answer ---- What is the probability of getting a white-eyed female?
7th Question to answer ---- What is the probability of getting a red-eyed offspring?
8th Question to answer ---- What is the probability of getting a white-eyed offspring?
If each gene is located on a specific chromosome and that chromosome has two pairs (homologous chromosomes), how does each chromosome represent one allele and why do you label each chromatid with the same allele?
During meiosis, when crossing-over occurs between two homologous chromosomes, it does not happen at a single point, but rather two points with a stretch of DNA in between.
What are the two junction points called?What is the region between the two points called and what is different about this region compared to how double-stranded DNA usually is?If the region described in b.) is located within a gene and the two homologues have different alleles of this gene, what might happen that is a direct violation of Mendel’s first law? (Describe the process with 2-3 sentences of detail.)
Chapter 14 Solutions
Biological Science (6th Edition)
Ch. 14 - 1. The genes for the trails that Mendel worked...Ch. 14 - 2. CAUTION Why is the pea wrinkled-seed allele a...Ch. 14 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 14 - 4. Mendel’s rules do not correctly predict...Ch. 14 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 14 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 14 - Example Problem Two black female mice are crossed...Ch. 14 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 14 - Prob. 9TYPSSCh. 14 - Prob. 10TYPSS
Ch. 14 - 11. In garden peas, yellow seeds (Y) are dominant...Ch. 14 - Prob. 12TYPSSCh. 14 - The smooth feathers on the back of the neck in...Ch. 14 - SOCIETY As a genetic counselor, you advise couples...Ch. 14 - 15. Suppose you are heterozygous for two genes...Ch. 14 - Suppose a woman with blood type O married a man...Ch. 14 - Prob. 17TYPSSCh. 14 - Society Two mothers give birth to sons at the same...Ch. 14 - Prob. 19TYPSSCh. 14 - QUANTITATIVE Recall that hemophilia is an X-linked...Ch. 14 - Prob. 21PIATCh. 14 - Given the pedigree, what is the most likely mode...Ch. 14 - Prob. 23PIATCh. 14 - QUANTITATIVE If the son with ALD in the third...Ch. 14 - Prob. 25PIATCh. 14 - Prob. 26PIAT
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- Assume that a meiotic-nondisjunction event causes trisomy 8 in a newborn. If two of the three copies of chromosome 8 are absolutely identical, at what point during meiosis did the nondisjunction event take place?arrow_forwardHemophilia and color blindness are both recessive conditions caused by genes on the X chromosome. To calculate the recombination frequency between the two genes, you draw a large number of pedigrees that include grandfathers with both hemophilia and color blindness, their daughters (who presumably have one chromosome with two normal alleles and one chromosome with two mutant alleles), and the daughters sons. Analyzing all the pedigrees together shows that 25 grandsons have both color blindness and hemophilia, 24 have neither of the traits, 1 has color blindness only, and 1 has hemophilia only. How many centimorgans (map units) separate the hemophilia locus from the locus for color blindness?arrow_forwardThe following pedigree shows the pattern of inheritance of red-green color blindness in a family. Females are shown as circles and males as squares; the squares or circles of individuals affected by the trait are filled in black. What is the chance that a son of the third-generation female indicated by the arrow will be color blind if the father is not color blind? If he is color blind?arrow_forward
- In guinea pigs, the allele for black fur (B) is dominant over the allele for brown (b) fur. A black guinea pig is crossed with a brown guinea pig, producing five F1 black guinea pigs and six F1 brown guinea pigs. a. How many copies of the black allele (B) will be present in each cell of an F1 black guinea pig at the following stages: G1, G2, metaphase of mitosis, metaphase I of meiosis, metaphase II of meiosis, and after the second cytokinesis following meiosis? Assume that no crossing over takes place. b. How many copies of the brown allele (b) will be present in each cell of an F1 brown guinea pig at the same stages as those listed in part a? Assume that no crossing over takes place.arrow_forwardthree recessive genes a, b, and c in the model plant Arabidopsis are found to be linked on chromosome 4. A three point test cross is done with a homozygous recessive plant with a heterozygous for all three genes. Following is the number of progenies a b C 65 A B c 56 A B C 1267 a b c 1310 A b C 550 a B c 515 a B C 470 A b c 489 Total = 4,722 Determine the middle locus by your choice of method and after that calculate the map distance between the genes in map unit (m.u.).arrow_forwardYou cross two plants with the genotypes VvWw and vvww, obtaining the following numbers of offspring: 126 VvWw, 29 Vvww, 33 vvWw, 117 vvww. These results are consistent with which of the following? Group of answer choices linkage with 20 map units between the two gene loci sex-linked inheritance with 23% crossing over linkage with 80% crossing over 100% recombination independent assortmentarrow_forward
- An organism has two chromosomes only. Chromosome 1 has its centromere near one end and carries the A-locus. Chromosome 2 has its centromere at the centre and carries the B-locus. Consider a heterozygous with alleles A and B inherited from one parent and alleles a and b from the other parent. What does the following figure represent? a. Metaphase of meiosis I b. Metaphase of meiosis II c. Metaphase of mitosis d. Metaphase of mitosis or meiosis IIarrow_forwardIn humans, the genetic disease cystic fibrosis is caused by a recessive allele (a). The normal (healthy) allele is dominant (A). What is the genotype of someone who has cystic fibrosis? What are the two different genotypes that a healthy person could have? If two people were both heterozygous for the cystic fibrosis gene, what fraction of their children would be likely to have this disease? Hint: Draw a Punnett square to figure it out.arrow_forwardIn tomatoes, red fruit is dominant to yellow fruit, and purple stems are dominant to green stems. Thegenes encoding these traits are on different homologous chromosomes. The progeny from a matingconsisted of 305 red fruit, purple stem plants; 328 red fruit, green stem plants; 110 yellow fruit,purple stem plants; and 97 yellow fruit, green stem plants. What would be the genotypic and phenotypic outcome if each parent was self-fertilized?arrow_forward
- A phenotypically normal boy has 45 chromosomes, but his sister, who has Down syndrome, has 46. Suggest an explanation that explains both children.arrow_forwardThree enzymes are part of a sequential pathway that produces a pigment that makes flowers red. Each enzyme is the gene product of a different locus. If a trihybrid, heterozygous (+/-) for each of the three loci, is selfed, what fraction of the offspring will not be able to produce the red pigment (and will thus have white flowers)? Express your answer as a number between 0 and 1, rounding to 2 decimal places. For example, if you think 1/4 of the offspring will have white flowers, then answer 0.25arrow_forwardThe following pedigree describes the inheritance of Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, an x-linked recessive disease. Affected individuals are shaded. what is the probability, that the indicated child (IV.1) will be affected by Lesch-Nyhan syndrome? show solutionarrow_forward
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