GENETIC ANALYSIS: INTEGRATED - ACCESS
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780135349298
Author: Sanders
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 15, Problem 14P
A major advance in the
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With the use of well-illustrated diagrams, reconstruct the entire cloning process by explaining different stages of the cloning process that involves the following:a. Isolation of target DNA fragments (often referred to as inserts)b. Ligation of inserts into the plasmid, creating recombinant molecules c. Transformation of recombinant plasmids into bacteria or other suitable host for propagationd. Screening/selection of hosts containing the intended recombinant plasmid. For this stage(d), discuss the importance of a second marker that can be used for screening of genomic DNA for colonies containing the pka-1 under the principle of insertional inactivation. This should be properly explained using all the attributes of the plasmid described above.
Practical applications of recombinant DNA technology include the:
1. Efficient production of useful proteins and development of a new type of vaccines
2. Creation of novel genotypes for the synthesis of economically important molecules.
3. Generation of DNA and RNA sequences for use in medical diagnosis.
4. all of the above
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING TECHNIQUE IS NOT USED TO MANIPULATE THE GENOME
1. siRNA
2. ZF (zinc finger)
3. TALE (transcription activator light effector)
4. CRISPR
COMMON DISEASE- COMMON VARIANT HYPOTHESIS STATES THAT
1. common disorders are likely influences by genetic variation that is also common in the population
2. if an SNP produced a deleterious mutation and changes amino acid sequence in 40% of individuals- it will produce disease phenotype in 40% individual
3. A SNP produce little change in gene expression- it will produce slight increase in risk/ manifestation of disease phenotype
4. all of the above
WHAT IS TRUE REGARDING GENE ORGANIZATION IN THE NUCLEUS…
Discuss how the genetic basis of life plays a central role in biotechnology. Further, ethical considerations aside, if DNA-based technologies became widely used, discuss how they might change the way evolution proceeds, as compared with the natural evolutionary mechanisms that have operated for the past 4 billion years.
Chapter 15 Solutions
GENETIC ANALYSIS: INTEGRATED - ACCESS
Ch. 15 - 15.1 What purpose do the bla and lacZ genes serve...Ch. 15 - The human genome is 3109 bp in length. How many...Ch. 15 - 15.3 Ligase catalyzes a reaction between the...Ch. 15 - You have constructed four different libraries: a...Ch. 15 - Using the genomic libraries in Problem 4, you wish...Ch. 15 - The human genome is 3109bp. You wish to design a...Ch. 15 - 15.7 Using animal models of human diseases can...Ch. 15 - 15.8 Compare methods for constructing homologous...Ch. 15 - 15.9 Chimeric genefusion products can be used for...Ch. 15 - 15.10 Why are diseases of the blood simpler...
Ch. 15 - Injection of double-stranded RNA can lead to gene...Ch. 15 - Compare and contrast methods for making transgenic...Ch. 15 - 15.13 It is often desirable to insert cDNAs into a...Ch. 15 - 15.14 A major advance in the s was the development...Ch. 15 - 15.15 The bacteriophage lambda genome can exist in...Ch. 15 - 15.16 The restriction enzymes Xho and Sal cut...Ch. 15 - 15.17 The bacteriophage has a single-stranded DNA...Ch. 15 - 15.18 To further analyze the CRABS CLAW gene (see...Ch. 15 - You have isolated a genomic clone with an EcoR I...Ch. 15 - 15.20 You have identified a cDNA clone that...Ch. 15 - 15.21 You have isolated another cDNA clone of the...Ch. 15 - 15.22 You have identified five genes in S....Ch. 15 - You have generated three transgenic lines of maize...Ch. 15 - 15.24 Bacterial Pseudomonas species often possess...Ch. 15 - 15.25 Two complaints about some transgenic plants...Ch. 15 - 15.26 In Drosophila, lossoffunction Ultrabithorax...Ch. 15 - Prob. 27PCh. 15 - The highlighted sequence shown below is the one...Ch. 15 - Vitamin E is the name for a set of chemically...Ch. 15 - The RAS gene encodes a signaling protein that...Ch. 15 - 15.31 You have cloned a gene for an enzyme that...Ch. 15 - 15.32 About of occurrences of nonautoimmune type...Ch. 15 - Describe how having the Cas 9 gene at a genomic...Ch. 15 - 15.34 Would a gene drive system spread rapidly...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Herbert Boyer and Stanley Cohen pioneered the technique of DNA cloning allowing genes to be transferred from another biological species easily. Their work also gave rise to the development of different recombinant proteins with therapeutic applications like insulin and growth hormone. The former was cloned using Escherichia coli. coli in 1978. With this breakthrough, the first licensed drug produced using recombinant DNAtechnology was human insulin, developed by Genentech, licensed and marketed by Eli Lilly in 1982. Scientists were able to identify and isolate the gene fragment or the gene of interest, in this case, the gene that is responsible for producing insulin. Moreover, they were able to isolate the bacterial DNA of E. coli. The plasmid and DNA fragment were cut using a restriction enzyme. This DNA fragment was inserted into the plasmid using a DNA ligase. When the DNA fragment was then placed into the bacterial DNA, it was then introduced to the host cell (E. coli) and was then…arrow_forward#3) Ligase catalyzes a reaction between the 5' phosphate and the 3' hydroxyl groups at the end of DNA molecules. The enzyme calf intestinal phosphatase catalyzes the removal of the 5' phosphate from DNA molecules. What would be the consequence of treating a cloning vector, before ligation, with calf intestinal phosphatase?arrow_forwardIn conventional PCR applications, a heat-resistant polymerase is used. Why? You want to identify and compare the gene expression profile of several genes in a disease. Will you be able achieve this using Q-PCR technique? Can you identify a potential mutation (the nucleotide change) within a gene sequence using conventional PCR? If not, then what approach you should take?arrow_forward
- A genetics research group has determined the sequence of a rat gene thought to be involved in controlling the fertilising ability of rat sperm. They believe a similar gene may control fertility in humans. Describe how what is known about the rat gene can be applied in PCR to clone the complementary human gene. You should explain the experimental approach taken and how it could confirm that the human gene in question does indeed correspond to the rat gene.arrow_forwardA number of advances have been made in biotechnology. CRISPR/Cas9 one of the most controversial, and has had a lot of media attention in recent years. It is a method by which scientists can precisely edit DNA sequences at exact locations. Benefits obviously include the potential to “repair” mutated genes that cause disease. In fact, preliminary results from one of the earliest clinical trials of CRISPR/Cas9 provide evidence that the technique is safe and feasible to use for treating human diseases. What other potential applications of this application do you see (you can use any organisms to illustrate your answer)? What are the potential dangers or downsides of using this technology? Do you think this technology should be used in gene editing in humans? Explain your stance.arrow_forwardDo all of them True/False 31) The process by which an electrical charge is used to introduce DNA into a cell to produce a transgenic organism is called electroporation.Answer: 32) Reproductive cloning is used to produce large amounts of mammalian proteins from transgenic agricultural animals such as cattle.Answer: 33) In gene addition, homologous recombination is used to remove the original gene and replace it with the cloned gene.Answer: 34) All stem cells have the potential to differentiateAnswer: 35) A bone marrow transplant involves the transfer of multipotent stem cellsAnswer: 36) The fact that in mammalian systems multiple genes may compensate for the loss of a gene is called gene redundancy.Answer:arrow_forward
- You just graduated from college and started working at a biotech startup called Scrofabulous. Your first job assignment is to clone the pig gene for the hormone prolactin. Assume that the pig gene for prolactin has not yet been isolated, sequenced, or mapped; What would be the most useful and economical first step to go about identifying and cloning the pig gene for prolactin? use the amino acid sequence of mouse prolactin to design a pair of degenerate oligonucleotide PCR primers to PCR-amplify the pig prolactin gene. RNAseq the pituitary gland of the pig, the most abundant gene is likely to to be prolactin Conduct a proteome search for peptides that match parts of mouse prolactin protein Sequence the pig genome, then translate the genome to find the gene predicted to encode for prolactin Crystalize the mouse prolactin protein and use Google's DeepMind Al to find the closest amino acid sequence in the pig proteomearrow_forward1. Through observing the sequence of events (A → B → C → D) found below, describe how reproductive cloning is made possible. Your response should consist of 3—5 complete sentences. SENTENCE STARTER: The process of cloning may look quite tricky, but it can actually be broken down into 4 individual steps. In step A, the cells of the organism we want to be cloned are isolated and the… 2. What is an ADVANTAGE of engaging in cloning practices similar to the one highlighted above? What reason might a farmer, livestock owner, or someone else use as justification for cloning? 3. What is a DISADVANTAGE (or potential drawback) of cloning plants, livestock, or pets?arrow_forwardDiscuss three important advances that have resulted from gene cloning.arrow_forward
- You isolate genomic DNA from brain cells and heart cells and use PCR to amplify the promoter region of gene A, known to be methylated under certain circumstances. To determine which cell type has methylation in this region, you treat the DNA with sodium bisulfite, sequence the regions from both brain and heart cells, and compare to the untreated sequence, as shown below. Untreated: ATCCGGCGACG Brain: ATCCGGCGACG Heart: ATCTGGTGACG Given these results, which cell type would you expect to transcribe MORE "A" mRNA?arrow_forwardShort tandem repeats (STR) profiling is based on O A. the fact that many foods are being genetically modified and this test allows food health officials to identify the transgenic ones. O B. the fact that you can clone mammals through fusion of one somatic (non-sex) cell with an egg cell whose nucleus has been removed O C. the fact that one strand of DNA can be turned into millions of identical copies by a process that heats and cools DNA and builds it using DNA polymerase and primers. OD. the fact that people's DNA is filled with short sequences, like "TCAT" that are found in different numbers in each person.arrow_forwardfomP is responsible for the chemical transformation of microplastics into ultra-efficient insulation. You take an arctic seawater sample and extract the DNA. 1. First you need to locate the gene on the bacterial chromosome. What procedure(s) would you use to identify and locate the gene? Explain how it/theywork(s). 2. Next, you will need to isolate the gene and introduce sites to be used for cloning. What would you use to make many copies of this gene? What will you need? How does it work on a molecular level?arrow_forward
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