The rings that are aromatic among the given bases are to be stated. Concept introduction: The conditions that a molecule must follow to be an aromatic are shown below. The given compound must be cyclic in nature. It must be planar. There must be no sp 3 hybridized carbon in the given compound. The compound must follow Huckel’s rule of aromaticity that is ( 4 n + 2 ) π electron system must be present. If the given compound follows first three conditions but it follows 4 n π electron system, then it is antiaromatic in nature. If the given compound fails to follow any of the above conditions then it is non-aromatic in nature.

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Answer 1

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Definition Definition Rule that estimates whether a given organic planar ring structure will show an aromatic property. A cyclic ring molecule is said to follow Hückel’s rule if the л-electrons count in a molecule is [4n+2], where n stands for a positive numerical value. It is also called the [4n+2] rule. Hückel's rule, sometimes referred to as the aromaticity rule, is one but not the only criteria to judge a molecule for aromaticity.

Chapter 16, Problem 16.43SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The rings that are aromatic among the given bases are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The conditions that a molecule must follow to be an aromatic are shown below.

The given compound must be cyclic in nature.

It must be planar.

There must be no sp3 hybridized carbon in the given compound.

The compound must follow Huckel’s rule of aromaticity that is (4n+2)π electron system must be present.

If the given compound follows first three conditions but it follows 4nπ electron system, then it is antiaromatic in nature. If the given compound fails to follow any of the above conditions then it is non-aromatic in nature.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Nitrogen atoms that are basic in nature in the given bases are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to Lewis concept, the species that can easily accept the electrons is known as an acid and the species that donates the electrons is known as a base.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The possibility of the formation of aromatic tautomers by the given bases is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The constitutional isomers that involve the relocation of protons and are interconvertible into each other are known as tautomers.

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Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Rule that estimates whether a given organic planar ring structure will show an aromatic property. A cyclic ring molecule is said to follow Hückel’s rule if the л-electrons count in a molecule is [4n+2], where n stands for a positive numerical value. It is also called the [4n+2] rule. Hückel's rule, sometimes referred to as the aromaticity rule, is one but not the only criteria to judge a molecule for aromaticity.

Chapter 16, Problem 16.43SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The rings that are aromatic among the given bases are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The conditions that a molecule must follow to be an aromatic are shown below.

The given compound must be cyclic in nature.

It must be planar.

There must be no sp3 hybridized carbon in the given compound.

The compound must follow Huckel’s rule of aromaticity that is (4n+2)π electron system must be present.

If the given compound follows first three conditions but it follows 4nπ electron system, then it is antiaromatic in nature. If the given compound fails to follow any of the above conditions then it is non-aromatic in nature.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Nitrogen atoms that are basic in nature in the given bases are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to Lewis concept, the species that can easily accept the electrons is known as an acid and the species that donates the electrons is known as a base.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The possibility of the formation of aromatic tautomers by the given bases is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The constitutional isomers that involve the relocation of protons and are interconvertible into each other are known as tautomers.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Rule that estimates whether a given organic planar ring structure will show an aromatic property. A cyclic ring molecule is said to follow Hückel’s rule if the л-electrons count in a molecule is [4n+2], where n stands for a positive numerical value. It is also called the [4n+2] rule. Hückel's rule, sometimes referred to as the aromaticity rule, is one but not the only criteria to judge a molecule for aromaticity.

Chapter 16, Problem 16.43SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The rings that are aromatic among the given bases are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The conditions that a molecule must follow to be an aromatic are shown below.

The given compound must be cyclic in nature.

It must be planar.

There must be no sp3 hybridized carbon in the given compound.

The compound must follow Huckel’s rule of aromaticity that is (4n+2)π electron system must be present.

If the given compound follows first three conditions but it follows 4nπ electron system, then it is antiaromatic in nature. If the given compound fails to follow any of the above conditions then it is non-aromatic in nature.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Nitrogen atoms that are basic in nature in the given bases are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to Lewis concept, the species that can easily accept the electrons is known as an acid and the species that donates the electrons is known as a base.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The possibility of the formation of aromatic tautomers by the given bases is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The constitutional isomers that involve the relocation of protons and are interconvertible into each other are known as tautomers.

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Rule that estimates whether a given organic planar ring structure will show an aromatic property. A cyclic ring molecule is said to follow Hückel’s rule if the л-electrons count in a molecule is [4n+2], where n stands for a positive numerical value. It is also called the [4n+2] rule. Hückel's rule, sometimes referred to as the aromaticity rule, is one but not the only criteria to judge a molecule for aromaticity.

Chapter 16, Problem 16.43SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The rings that are aromatic among the given bases are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The conditions that a molecule must follow to be an aromatic are shown below.

The given compound must be cyclic in nature.

It must be planar.

There must be no sp3 hybridized carbon in the given compound.

The compound must follow Huckel’s rule of aromaticity that is (4n+2)π electron system must be present.

If the given compound follows first three conditions but it follows 4nπ electron system, then it is antiaromatic in nature. If the given compound fails to follow any of the above conditions then it is non-aromatic in nature.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Nitrogen atoms that are basic in nature in the given bases are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to Lewis concept, the species that can easily accept the electrons is known as an acid and the species that donates the electrons is known as a base.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The possibility of the formation of aromatic tautomers by the given bases is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The constitutional isomers that involve the relocation of protons and are interconvertible into each other are known as tautomers.

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Answer 5

Chapter 16, Problem 16.43SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The rings that are aromatic among the given bases are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The conditions that a molecule must follow to be an aromatic are shown below.

The given compound must be cyclic in nature.

It must be planar.

There must be no sp3 hybridized carbon in the given compound.

The compound must follow Huckel’s rule of aromaticity that is (4n+2)π electron system must be present.

If the given compound follows first three conditions but it follows 4nπ electron system, then it is antiaromatic in nature. If the given compound fails to follow any of the above conditions then it is non-aromatic in nature.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Nitrogen atoms that are basic in nature in the given bases are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to Lewis concept, the species that can easily accept the electrons is known as an acid and the species that donates the electrons is known as a base.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The possibility of the formation of aromatic tautomers by the given bases is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The constitutional isomers that involve the relocation of protons and are interconvertible into each other are known as tautomers.

Answer 6

Chapter 16, Problem 16.43SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The rings that are aromatic among the given bases are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The conditions that a molecule must follow to be an aromatic are shown below.

The given compound must be cyclic in nature.

It must be planar.

There must be no sp3 hybridized carbon in the given compound.

The compound must follow Huckel’s rule of aromaticity that is (4n+2)π electron system must be present.

If the given compound follows first three conditions but it follows 4nπ electron system, then it is antiaromatic in nature. If the given compound fails to follow any of the above conditions then it is non-aromatic in nature.

Answer 7

Chapter 16, Problem 16.43SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The rings that are aromatic among the given bases are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The conditions that a molecule must follow to be an aromatic are shown below.

The given compound must be cyclic in nature.

It must be planar.

There must be no sp3 hybridized carbon in the given compound.

The compound must follow Huckel’s rule of aromaticity that is (4n+2)π electron system must be present.

If the given compound follows first three conditions but it follows 4nπ electron system, then it is antiaromatic in nature. If the given compound fails to follow any of the above conditions then it is non-aromatic in nature.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Nitrogen atoms that are basic in nature in the given bases are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to Lewis concept, the species that can easily accept the electrons is known as an acid and the species that donates the electrons is known as a base.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Nitrogen atoms that are basic in nature in the given bases are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to Lewis concept, the species that can easily accept the electrons is known as an acid and the species that donates the electrons is known as a base.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The possibility of the formation of aromatic tautomers by the given bases is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The constitutional isomers that involve the relocation of protons and are interconvertible into each other are known as tautomers.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The possibility of the formation of aromatic tautomers by the given bases is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The constitutional isomers that involve the relocation of protons and are interconvertible into each other are known as tautomers.

Answer 12

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Answer 13

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Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 16.2 - Prob. 16.1P Ch. 16.2 - Prob. 16.2P Ch. 16.2 - a. Draw the resonance forms of benzene,...Ch. 16.2 - Show the product of the Diels-Alder dimerization...Ch. 16.4 - Prob. 16.5P Ch. 16.6 - Make a model of cyclooctatetraene in the tub...Ch. 16.6 - Prob. 16.7P Ch. 16.6 - Prob. 16.8P Ch. 16.7 - Prob. 16.9P Ch. 16.8A - a. Draw the molecular orbitals for the...

Solution Summary: The author explains the conditions that a molecule must follow to be an aromatic. The lone pair of nitrogen of cytosine is involved in delocalization.

Concept explainers

Interpretation:

Nitrogen atoms that are basic in nature in the given bases are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to Lewis concept, the species that can easily accept the electrons is known as an acid and the species that donates the electrons is known as a base.

Interpretation:

The possibility of the formation of aromatic tautomers by the given bases is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The constitutional isomers that involve the relocation of protons and are interconvertible into each other are known as tautomers.

Want to see the full answer?

Chapter 16 Solutions

Solution Summary: The author explains the conditions that a molecule must follow to be an aromatic. The lone pair of nitrogen of cytosine is involved in delocalization.

Concept explainers

Interpretation: Nitrogen atoms that are basic in nature in the given bases are to be stated. Concept introduction: According to Lewis concept, the species that can easily accept the electrons is known as an acid and the species that donates the electrons is known as a base.

Interpretation: The possibility of the formation of aromatic tautomers by the given bases is to be predicted. Concept introduction: The constitutional isomers that involve the relocation of protons and are interconvertible into each other are known as tautomers.

Want to see the full answer?

Chapter 16 Solutions

Interpretation:

Nitrogen atoms that are basic in nature in the given bases are to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to Lewis concept, the species that can easily accept the electrons is known as an acid and the species that donates the electrons is known as a base.

Interpretation:

The possibility of the formation of aromatic tautomers by the given bases is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The constitutional isomers that involve the relocation of protons and are interconvertible into each other are known as tautomers.