The information regarding the conjugation in the molecule is given. The nature of the given molecule as aromatic , antiaromatic or non-aromatic is to be predicted. Concept introduction: The conditions that a molecule must follow to be an aromatic are shown below. The given compound must be cyclic in nature. It must be planar. There must be no sp 3 hybridized carbon in the given compound. The compound must follow Huckel’s rule of aromaticity that is ( 4 n + 2 ) π electron system must be present. If the given compound follows first three conditions but it follows 4 n π electron system, then it is antiaromatic in nature. If the given compound fails to follow any of the above conditions then it is non-aromatic in nature.

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Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Rule that estimates whether a given organic planar ring structure will show an aromatic property. A cyclic ring molecule is said to follow Hückel’s rule if the л-electrons count in a molecule is [4n+2], where n stands for a positive numerical value. It is also called the [4n+2] rule. Hückel's rule, sometimes referred to as the aromaticity rule, is one but not the only criteria to judge a molecule for aromaticity.

Chapter 16, Problem 16.44SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The information regarding the conjugation in the molecule is given. The nature of the given molecule as aromatic, antiaromatic or non-aromatic is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The conditions that a molecule must follow to be an aromatic are shown below.

The given compound must be cyclic in nature.

It must be planar.

There must be no sp3 hybridized carbon in the given compound.

The compound must follow Huckel’s rule of aromaticity that is (4n+2)π electron system must be present.

If the given compound follows first three conditions but it follows 4nπ electron system, then it is antiaromatic in nature. If the given compound fails to follow any of the above conditions then it is non-aromatic in nature.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

An explanation corresponding to the synthesis of molecule with three tert-butyl substituents and reason for not synthesizing unsubstituted compound is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The tendency of a group to increase the electron density of the chain or ring by the transfer of electron density is known as +I effect.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

An explanation corresponding to the possibility of basic character of nitrogen atom in the given molecule and the non-overlapping of lone pair of nitrogen with the double bond to give a total of six electrons in the pi system is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to Lewis concept, the species that can easily accept the electrons is known as an acid and the species that donates the electrons is known as a base.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The information regarding the NMR data corresponding to the given structure is given. An explanation corresponding to the bonding in given compound on the basis of NMR data and similarity between the conclusion based on the NMR data and prediction done in part (a) is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

NMR data reveals the number and type of hydrogen atoms that are present in a given compound.

The number of NMR signal in a compound is equal to number of chemically non-equivalent protons present in that compound. The splitting of NMR signals take place according to N+1 rule, where N is the number of adjacent protons. Protons which are present in same chemical environment, that is between the same group of atoms are known as chemically equivalent protons and in 1H−NMR all chemically equivalent proton generates one signal or one peak, whereas non-equivalent proton generates different signals.

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Students have asked these similar questions

1. Is the molecule below aromatic? If so, circle the atoms that are part of the aromaticity. Also indicate the orbital that each lone pair occupies. .N. H2N

Label the following molecules as aromatic, anti-aromatic, or non-aromatic. For the ones that aren’t aromatic, explain why they are either non-aromatic or anti-aromatic.

a. Consider the structure drawn below. Assuming the structure is planar, would you predict this compound to be aromatic, anti-aromatic, or nonaromatic? (Note: each nitrogen has a lone pair and, as drawn, each gallium has 6 valence electrons.) b. Explain your answer for part a: Which rules of aromaticity does the compound obey or disobey?

Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Rule that estimates whether a given organic planar ring structure will show an aromatic property. A cyclic ring molecule is said to follow Hückel’s rule if the л-electrons count in a molecule is [4n+2], where n stands for a positive numerical value. It is also called the [4n+2] rule. Hückel's rule, sometimes referred to as the aromaticity rule, is one but not the only criteria to judge a molecule for aromaticity.

Chapter 16, Problem 16.44SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The information regarding the conjugation in the molecule is given. The nature of the given molecule as aromatic, antiaromatic or non-aromatic is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The conditions that a molecule must follow to be an aromatic are shown below.

The given compound must be cyclic in nature.

It must be planar.

There must be no sp3 hybridized carbon in the given compound.

The compound must follow Huckel’s rule of aromaticity that is (4n+2)π electron system must be present.

If the given compound follows first three conditions but it follows 4nπ electron system, then it is antiaromatic in nature. If the given compound fails to follow any of the above conditions then it is non-aromatic in nature.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

An explanation corresponding to the synthesis of molecule with three tert-butyl substituents and reason for not synthesizing unsubstituted compound is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The tendency of a group to increase the electron density of the chain or ring by the transfer of electron density is known as +I effect.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

An explanation corresponding to the possibility of basic character of nitrogen atom in the given molecule and the non-overlapping of lone pair of nitrogen with the double bond to give a total of six electrons in the pi system is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to Lewis concept, the species that can easily accept the electrons is known as an acid and the species that donates the electrons is known as a base.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The information regarding the NMR data corresponding to the given structure is given. An explanation corresponding to the bonding in given compound on the basis of NMR data and similarity between the conclusion based on the NMR data and prediction done in part (a) is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

NMR data reveals the number and type of hydrogen atoms that are present in a given compound.

The number of NMR signal in a compound is equal to number of chemically non-equivalent protons present in that compound. The splitting of NMR signals take place according to N+1 rule, where N is the number of adjacent protons. Protons which are present in same chemical environment, that is between the same group of atoms are known as chemically equivalent protons and in 1H−NMR all chemically equivalent proton generates one signal or one peak, whereas non-equivalent proton generates different signals.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Rule that estimates whether a given organic planar ring structure will show an aromatic property. A cyclic ring molecule is said to follow Hückel’s rule if the л-electrons count in a molecule is [4n+2], where n stands for a positive numerical value. It is also called the [4n+2] rule. Hückel's rule, sometimes referred to as the aromaticity rule, is one but not the only criteria to judge a molecule for aromaticity.

Chapter 16, Problem 16.44SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The information regarding the conjugation in the molecule is given. The nature of the given molecule as aromatic, antiaromatic or non-aromatic is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The conditions that a molecule must follow to be an aromatic are shown below.

The given compound must be cyclic in nature.

It must be planar.

There must be no sp3 hybridized carbon in the given compound.

The compound must follow Huckel’s rule of aromaticity that is (4n+2)π electron system must be present.

If the given compound follows first three conditions but it follows 4nπ electron system, then it is antiaromatic in nature. If the given compound fails to follow any of the above conditions then it is non-aromatic in nature.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

An explanation corresponding to the synthesis of molecule with three tert-butyl substituents and reason for not synthesizing unsubstituted compound is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The tendency of a group to increase the electron density of the chain or ring by the transfer of electron density is known as +I effect.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

An explanation corresponding to the possibility of basic character of nitrogen atom in the given molecule and the non-overlapping of lone pair of nitrogen with the double bond to give a total of six electrons in the pi system is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to Lewis concept, the species that can easily accept the electrons is known as an acid and the species that donates the electrons is known as a base.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The information regarding the NMR data corresponding to the given structure is given. An explanation corresponding to the bonding in given compound on the basis of NMR data and similarity between the conclusion based on the NMR data and prediction done in part (a) is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

NMR data reveals the number and type of hydrogen atoms that are present in a given compound.

The number of NMR signal in a compound is equal to number of chemically non-equivalent protons present in that compound. The splitting of NMR signals take place according to N+1 rule, where N is the number of adjacent protons. Protons which are present in same chemical environment, that is between the same group of atoms are known as chemically equivalent protons and in 1H−NMR all chemically equivalent proton generates one signal or one peak, whereas non-equivalent proton generates different signals.

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Rule that estimates whether a given organic planar ring structure will show an aromatic property. A cyclic ring molecule is said to follow Hückel’s rule if the л-electrons count in a molecule is [4n+2], where n stands for a positive numerical value. It is also called the [4n+2] rule. Hückel's rule, sometimes referred to as the aromaticity rule, is one but not the only criteria to judge a molecule for aromaticity.

Chapter 16, Problem 16.44SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The information regarding the conjugation in the molecule is given. The nature of the given molecule as aromatic, antiaromatic or non-aromatic is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The conditions that a molecule must follow to be an aromatic are shown below.

The given compound must be cyclic in nature.

It must be planar.

There must be no sp3 hybridized carbon in the given compound.

The compound must follow Huckel’s rule of aromaticity that is (4n+2)π electron system must be present.

If the given compound follows first three conditions but it follows 4nπ electron system, then it is antiaromatic in nature. If the given compound fails to follow any of the above conditions then it is non-aromatic in nature.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

An explanation corresponding to the synthesis of molecule with three tert-butyl substituents and reason for not synthesizing unsubstituted compound is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The tendency of a group to increase the electron density of the chain or ring by the transfer of electron density is known as +I effect.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

An explanation corresponding to the possibility of basic character of nitrogen atom in the given molecule and the non-overlapping of lone pair of nitrogen with the double bond to give a total of six electrons in the pi system is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to Lewis concept, the species that can easily accept the electrons is known as an acid and the species that donates the electrons is known as a base.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The information regarding the NMR data corresponding to the given structure is given. An explanation corresponding to the bonding in given compound on the basis of NMR data and similarity between the conclusion based on the NMR data and prediction done in part (a) is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

NMR data reveals the number and type of hydrogen atoms that are present in a given compound.

The number of NMR signal in a compound is equal to number of chemically non-equivalent protons present in that compound. The splitting of NMR signals take place according to N+1 rule, where N is the number of adjacent protons. Protons which are present in same chemical environment, that is between the same group of atoms are known as chemically equivalent protons and in 1H−NMR all chemically equivalent proton generates one signal or one peak, whereas non-equivalent proton generates different signals.

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Answer 5

Chapter 16, Problem 16.44SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The information regarding the conjugation in the molecule is given. The nature of the given molecule as aromatic, antiaromatic or non-aromatic is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The conditions that a molecule must follow to be an aromatic are shown below.

The given compound must be cyclic in nature.

It must be planar.

There must be no sp3 hybridized carbon in the given compound.

The compound must follow Huckel’s rule of aromaticity that is (4n+2)π electron system must be present.

If the given compound follows first three conditions but it follows 4nπ electron system, then it is antiaromatic in nature. If the given compound fails to follow any of the above conditions then it is non-aromatic in nature.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

An explanation corresponding to the synthesis of molecule with three tert-butyl substituents and reason for not synthesizing unsubstituted compound is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The tendency of a group to increase the electron density of the chain or ring by the transfer of electron density is known as +I effect.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

An explanation corresponding to the possibility of basic character of nitrogen atom in the given molecule and the non-overlapping of lone pair of nitrogen with the double bond to give a total of six electrons in the pi system is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to Lewis concept, the species that can easily accept the electrons is known as an acid and the species that donates the electrons is known as a base.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The information regarding the NMR data corresponding to the given structure is given. An explanation corresponding to the bonding in given compound on the basis of NMR data and similarity between the conclusion based on the NMR data and prediction done in part (a) is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

NMR data reveals the number and type of hydrogen atoms that are present in a given compound.

The number of NMR signal in a compound is equal to number of chemically non-equivalent protons present in that compound. The splitting of NMR signals take place according to N+1 rule, where N is the number of adjacent protons. Protons which are present in same chemical environment, that is between the same group of atoms are known as chemically equivalent protons and in 1H−NMR all chemically equivalent proton generates one signal or one peak, whereas non-equivalent proton generates different signals.

Answer 6

Chapter 16, Problem 16.44SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The information regarding the conjugation in the molecule is given. The nature of the given molecule as aromatic, antiaromatic or non-aromatic is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The conditions that a molecule must follow to be an aromatic are shown below.

The given compound must be cyclic in nature.

It must be planar.

There must be no sp3 hybridized carbon in the given compound.

The compound must follow Huckel’s rule of aromaticity that is (4n+2)π electron system must be present.

If the given compound follows first three conditions but it follows 4nπ electron system, then it is antiaromatic in nature. If the given compound fails to follow any of the above conditions then it is non-aromatic in nature.

Answer 7

Chapter 16, Problem 16.44SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The information regarding the conjugation in the molecule is given. The nature of the given molecule as aromatic, antiaromatic or non-aromatic is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The conditions that a molecule must follow to be an aromatic are shown below.

The given compound must be cyclic in nature.

It must be planar.

There must be no sp3 hybridized carbon in the given compound.

The compound must follow Huckel’s rule of aromaticity that is (4n+2)π electron system must be present.

If the given compound follows first three conditions but it follows 4nπ electron system, then it is antiaromatic in nature. If the given compound fails to follow any of the above conditions then it is non-aromatic in nature.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

An explanation corresponding to the synthesis of molecule with three tert-butyl substituents and reason for not synthesizing unsubstituted compound is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The tendency of a group to increase the electron density of the chain or ring by the transfer of electron density is known as +I effect.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

An explanation corresponding to the synthesis of molecule with three tert-butyl substituents and reason for not synthesizing unsubstituted compound is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The tendency of a group to increase the electron density of the chain or ring by the transfer of electron density is known as +I effect.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

An explanation corresponding to the possibility of basic character of nitrogen atom in the given molecule and the non-overlapping of lone pair of nitrogen with the double bond to give a total of six electrons in the pi system is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to Lewis concept, the species that can easily accept the electrons is known as an acid and the species that donates the electrons is known as a base.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

An explanation corresponding to the possibility of basic character of nitrogen atom in the given molecule and the non-overlapping of lone pair of nitrogen with the double bond to give a total of six electrons in the pi system is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

According to Lewis concept, the species that can easily accept the electrons is known as an acid and the species that donates the electrons is known as a base.

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The information regarding the NMR data corresponding to the given structure is given. An explanation corresponding to the bonding in given compound on the basis of NMR data and similarity between the conclusion based on the NMR data and prediction done in part (a) is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

NMR data reveals the number and type of hydrogen atoms that are present in a given compound.

The number of NMR signal in a compound is equal to number of chemically non-equivalent protons present in that compound. The splitting of NMR signals take place according to N+1 rule, where N is the number of adjacent protons. Protons which are present in same chemical environment, that is between the same group of atoms are known as chemically equivalent protons and in 1H−NMR all chemically equivalent proton generates one signal or one peak, whereas non-equivalent proton generates different signals.

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The information regarding the NMR data corresponding to the given structure is given. An explanation corresponding to the bonding in given compound on the basis of NMR data and similarity between the conclusion based on the NMR data and prediction done in part (a) is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

NMR data reveals the number and type of hydrogen atoms that are present in a given compound.

The number of NMR signal in a compound is equal to number of chemically non-equivalent protons present in that compound. The splitting of NMR signals take place according to N+1 rule, where N is the number of adjacent protons. Protons which are present in same chemical environment, that is between the same group of atoms are known as chemically equivalent protons and in 1H−NMR all chemically equivalent proton generates one signal or one peak, whereas non-equivalent proton generates different signals.

Answer 14

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Answer 15

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Answer 16

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Answer 17

Ch. 16.2 - Prob. 16.1P Ch. 16.2 - Prob. 16.2P Ch. 16.2 - a. Draw the resonance forms of benzene,...Ch. 16.2 - Show the product of the Diels-Alder dimerization...Ch. 16.4 - Prob. 16.5P Ch. 16.6 - Make a model of cyclooctatetraene in the tub...Ch. 16.6 - Prob. 16.7P Ch. 16.6 - Prob. 16.8P Ch. 16.7 - Prob. 16.9P Ch. 16.8A - a. Draw the molecular orbitals for the...

Solution Summary: The author explains the conditions that a molecule must follow to be an aromatic, antiaromatic, or non-aromatic. The synthesis of the compound with three tert -butyl substituents

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