Chapter 16.5, Problem 16.4P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Show how the gicven product can be synthesized from the Grignard reagent.

Concept introduction:

Alkyl or aryl magnesium halides (RMgX) are known as Grignard reagent. The Grignard reaction is an organometallic chemical reaction in which the Grignard reagent act as nucleophile and attack electrophilic carbon atom that are present within polar bonds to yield a carbon-carbon bond.

Addition of a Grignard reagent to an aldehyde/ketone followed by protonation will produce an alcohol.

Thus,

Reaction of Grignard reagent with formaldehyde yields primary alcohol. Secondary and tertiary alcohol can be prepared by the reaction of Grignard reagent with any aldehyde (except formaldehyde) and ketone respectively.

An equimolar mixture of the two enantiomers is called racemic mixture and it is optically inactive.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Show how the gicven product can be synthesized from the Grignard reagent.

Concept introduction:

Alkyl or aryl magnesium halides (RMgX) are known as Grignard reagent. The Grignard reaction is an organometallic chemical reaction in which the Grignard reagent act as nucleophile and attack electrophilic carbon atom that are present within polar bonds to yield a carbon-carbon bond.

Addition of a Grignard reagent to an aldehyde/ketone followed by protonation will produce an alcohol.

Thus,

Reaction of Grignard reagent with formaldehyde yields primary alcohol. Secondary and tertiary alcohol can be prepared by the reaction of Grignard reagent with any aldehyde (except formaldehyde) and ketone respectively.

An equimolar mixture of the two enantiomers is called racemic mixture and it is optically inactive.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Show how the gicven product can be synthesized from the Grignard reagent.

Concept introduction:

Alkyl or aryl magnesium halides (RMgX) are known as Grignard reagent. The Grignard reaction is an organometallic chemical reaction in which the Grignard reagent act as nucleophile and attack electrophilic carbon atom that are present within polar bonds to yield a carbon-carbon bond.

Addition of a Grignard reagent to an aldehyde/ketone followed by protonation will produce an alcohol.

Thus,

Reaction of Grignard reagent with formaldehyde yields primary alcohol. Secondary and tertiary alcohol can be prepared by the reaction of Grignard reagent with any aldehyde (except formaldehyde) and ketone respectively.

An equimolar mixture of the two enantiomers is called racemic mixture and it is optically inactive.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Show how the gicven product can be synthesized from the Grignard reagent.

Concept introduction:

Alkyl or aryl magnesium halides (RMgX) are known as Grignard reagent. The Grignard reaction is an organometallic chemical reaction in which the Grignard reagent act as nucleophile and attack electrophilic carbon atom that are present within polar bonds to yield a carbon-carbon bond.

Addition of a Grignard reagent to an aldehyde/ketone followed by protonation will produce an alcohol.

Thus,

Reaction of Grignard reagent with formaldehyde or oxirane yields primary alcohol. Secondary and tertiary alcohol can be prepared by the reaction of Grignard reagent with any aldehyde (except formaldehyde) and ketone respectively.

An equimolar mixture of the two enantiomers is called racemic mixture and it is optically inactive.