Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134604718
Author: William S. Klug, Michael R. Cummings, Charlotte A. Spencer, Michael A. Palladino, Darrell Killian
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 18, Problem 25ESP
Summary Introduction
To determine: The effect of changes in splicing on RNAs and function of a tumor-suppressor gene.
Introduction: The splicing of RNA refers to a method of RNA processing where a precursor messenger RNA gets transformed into a mature messenger RNA. The process of splicing excise introns from the exons during the process of splicing.
Summary Introduction
To determine: The ways by which the loss of splicing specificity can be associated with cancer.
Introduction: During the process of splicing the removal of introns from the pre-mRNA occurs, whereas the exons remain together and form mature mRNA. The encoding of the protein is only done by the exons.
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Chapter 18 Solutions
Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)
Ch. 18 - Some mutations in the tra gene of Drosophila cause...Ch. 18 - Some scientists use the analogy that the...Ch. 18 - Consider the example that actin mRNA localization...Ch. 18 - What is alternative splicing, where does it occur,...Ch. 18 - What role might the expanded tri- and...Ch. 18 - DM1 is characterized by a phenomenon known as...Ch. 18 - HOW DO WE KNOW? In this chapter, we focused on how...Ch. 18 - CONCEPT QUESTION Review the Chapter Concepts list...Ch. 18 - List three types of alternative splicing patterns...Ch. 18 - Consider the CT/CGRP example of alternative...
Ch. 18 - Explain how the use of alternative promoters and...Ch. 18 - Explain how a tissue-specific RNA-binding protein...Ch. 18 - The regulation of mRNA decay relies heavily upon...Ch. 18 - Nonsense-mediated decay is an mRNA surveillance...Ch. 18 - AU-rich elements (AREs) are cis-elements in mRNAs...Ch. 18 - What are processing bodies (P bodies), and what...Ch. 18 - In 1998, future Nobel laureates Andrew Fire and...Ch. 18 - Present an overview of RNA interference (RNAi)....Ch. 18 - RNAi may be directed by small interfering RNAs...Ch. 18 - Prob. 14PDQCh. 18 - In principle, RNAi may be used to fight viral...Ch. 18 - Prob. 16PDQCh. 18 - Prob. 17PDQCh. 18 - Prob. 18PDQCh. 18 - Prob. 19PDQCh. 18 - How is it possible that a given mRNA in a cell is...Ch. 18 - Prob. 21PDQCh. 18 - Prob. 22PDQCh. 18 - Prob. 23PDQCh. 18 - Prob. 24ESPCh. 18 - Prob. 25ESPCh. 18 - Mutations in the low-density lipoprotein receptor...Ch. 18 - RNA helicases are a class of proteins that bind...Ch. 18 - While miRNA response elements (MREs) may be...Ch. 18 - RNAi is currently being tested as a therapeutic...Ch. 18 - The localization and translational control of...Ch. 18 - Explain how the expression of a single gene can be...
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- Alternative splicing takes place in more than 95% of the human protein-encoding genes with multiple exons. Researchers have found that how a pre-mRNA is spliced is affected by the pre-mRNA’s promoter sequence (D. Auboeuf et al. 2002. Science 298:416–419). In addition, factors that affect the rate of elongation by the RNA polymerase during transcription affect the type of splicing that takes place. These findings suggest that the process of transcription affects splicing. Propose one or more mechanisms that would explain how transcription might affect alternative splicing.arrow_forwardGene X codes for a protein in eukaryotes. A mutated eukaryotic cell contains an altered base-pair in an intron of gene X. Which would be the most likely effect of this mutation on the biomolecules in the cell? The amount of pre-mRNA transcribed from gene X would be less than normal. The amount of functional protein corresponding to gene X would be less than normal. The ability of snRNAs to form a spliceosome would be diminished. The breakdown of mature mRNA corresponding to gene X would be fasterarrow_forward. Another class of suppressor mutations, not describedin the chapter, are mutations that suppress missensemutations.a. Why would bacterial strains carrying such missense suppressor mutations generally grow moreslowly than strains carrying nonsense suppressormutations?b. What other kinds of mutations can you imagine ingenes encoding components needed for gene expression that would suppress a missense mutationin a protein-coding gene?arrow_forward
- A. Do you have any mature transcripts that show alternative splicing? If so, give an example by naming two transcripts that differ in this way. If your gene does not have this difference, write "no". B. Do you have any transcripts that have an alternative transcription start sites? If so, give an example by naming two transcripts that differ in this way. If your gene does not have this difference, write "no". C. Do you have any transcripts that have an alternative termination sites? If so, give an example by naming two transcripts that differ in this way. If your gene does not have this difference, write "no".arrow_forwardIn response to potentially toxic substances (e.g., high levels of iron), eukaryotic cells often use translational or posttranslational regulatory mechanisms to prevent cell death, rather than using transcriptional regulatory mechanisms. Explain why.arrow_forwardThe yeast gene SER3, whose product has a role in serine biosynthesis, is repressed during growth in nutrient-rich medium, so little transcription takes place, and little SER3 enzyme is produced, under these conditions. In an investigation of the repression of the SER3 gene, a region of DNA upstream of SER3 was found to be heavily transcribed when SER3 is repressed ). Within this upstream region is a promoter that stimulates the transcription of an RNA molecule called SRG1 RNA (for SER3 regulatory gene 1). This RNA molecule has none of the sequences necessary for translation. Mutations in the promoter for SRG1 result in the disappearance of SRG1 RNA, and these mutations remove the repression of SER3. When RNA polymerase binds to the SRG1 promoter, the polymerase travels downstream, transcribing the SGR1 RNA, and passes through and transcribes the promoter for SER3. This activity leads to the repression of SER3. Propose a possible explanation for how the transcription of SGR1 might…arrow_forward
- You are interested in studying a novel gene that appears to be involved in cancer. There is no information about the function of this gene. What would you do to obtain the cDNA for this gene? How would you express this gene and what expression systems might you utilize to study its function and why? How would determine the subcellular localization of this gene in eukaryotic cells? What are alternative methods in case one doesn't work? How would you purify and determine the 3-dimensional structure of this protein?arrow_forwardTroponin is a complex composed of Troponin C (TnC), Troponin I (TnI), and Troponin T (TnT); the complex is found in skeletal and cardiac muscle, but not smooth muscle. Two "isoforms" of TnI and two "isoforms" of TnT are expressed in human skeletal muscle tissue. Q:The isoforms of TnI in the sentence above mean: A:One single TnI gene encodes two different TnI proteins as a result of alternative splicing of the TnI pre-mRNA. B:There are two different TnI genes, each produces a TnI protein.arrow_forwardWhat is a potential link between prostate cancer and miRNA-101?arrow_forward
- Which protein subunit specifically binds to the promoter region in prokaryotic cells? α β ω β' σarrow_forwardConsider the Rho-dependent terminator sequence 5’CCCAGCCCGCCUAAUGAGCGGCCUUUUUUUU-3’. What affect would a point mutation at any one of the bolded and underlined nucleotides disrupt termination of transcription? Group of answer choices Mutation in one of these nucleotides would disrupt base pairing, preventing the formation of the hairpin and disrupting termination. Mutation in one of these nucleotides would have no affect on base pairing, so the termination hairpin is formed and termination proceeds. Mutation in one of these nucleotides would not disrupt base pairing, but would prevent the formation of the hairpin and disrupt termination. Mutation in one of these nucleotides would disrupt base pairing, but not affect the formation of the hairpin and termination proceeds.arrow_forwardWhat are the functions of transcriptional activator proteins and repressor proteins? Explain how they work at the molecular level.arrow_forward
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