Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134604718
Author: William S. Klug, Michael R. Cummings, Charlotte A. Spencer, Michael A. Palladino, Darrell Killian
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 18, Problem 9PDQ
AU-rich elements (AREs) are cis-elements in mRNAs that regulate stability and decay. How is it possible that a single mRNA sequence element can serve to stabilize an mRNA in some cases and lead to its decay in other scenarios?
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AU-rich elements (AREs) are cis-elements in mRNAs that regulate stability and decay. How is it possible that a single mRNA sequence element can serve to stabilize an mRNA in some cases and lead to its decay in other scenarios?
Draw a pre-mRNA with at least 4 exons and 3 introns and draw two possible mature mRNAs that can result from alternative splicing of this RNA.
In eukaryotes there is not a consistent relationship between the length of the coding sequence of a gene and the length of the mature mRNA it encodes, even though one nucleotide in DNA = one nucleotide in pre-mRNA or primary transcript. Explain why this is so.
Chapter 18 Solutions
Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)
Ch. 18 - Some mutations in the tra gene of Drosophila cause...Ch. 18 - Some scientists use the analogy that the...Ch. 18 - Consider the example that actin mRNA localization...Ch. 18 - What is alternative splicing, where does it occur,...Ch. 18 - What role might the expanded tri- and...Ch. 18 - DM1 is characterized by a phenomenon known as...Ch. 18 - HOW DO WE KNOW? In this chapter, we focused on how...Ch. 18 - CONCEPT QUESTION Review the Chapter Concepts list...Ch. 18 - List three types of alternative splicing patterns...Ch. 18 - Consider the CT/CGRP example of alternative...
Ch. 18 - Explain how the use of alternative promoters and...Ch. 18 - Explain how a tissue-specific RNA-binding protein...Ch. 18 - The regulation of mRNA decay relies heavily upon...Ch. 18 - Nonsense-mediated decay is an mRNA surveillance...Ch. 18 - AU-rich elements (AREs) are cis-elements in mRNAs...Ch. 18 - What are processing bodies (P bodies), and what...Ch. 18 - In 1998, future Nobel laureates Andrew Fire and...Ch. 18 - Present an overview of RNA interference (RNAi)....Ch. 18 - RNAi may be directed by small interfering RNAs...Ch. 18 - Prob. 14PDQCh. 18 - In principle, RNAi may be used to fight viral...Ch. 18 - Prob. 16PDQCh. 18 - Prob. 17PDQCh. 18 - Prob. 18PDQCh. 18 - Prob. 19PDQCh. 18 - How is it possible that a given mRNA in a cell is...Ch. 18 - Prob. 21PDQCh. 18 - Prob. 22PDQCh. 18 - Prob. 23PDQCh. 18 - Prob. 24ESPCh. 18 - Prob. 25ESPCh. 18 - Mutations in the low-density lipoprotein receptor...Ch. 18 - RNA helicases are a class of proteins that bind...Ch. 18 - While miRNA response elements (MREs) may be...Ch. 18 - RNAi is currently being tested as a therapeutic...Ch. 18 - The localization and translational control of...Ch. 18 - Explain how the expression of a single gene can be...
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- Compare bacterial and eukaryotic mRNAs, and explain the functional significance of their structural differences.arrow_forwardwhat is the difference between leader mRNA and attenuator sequence? Please explain the function of attenuator sequence in attentuationarrow_forwardThe mRNA formed from the repeating tetranucleotide UUACincorporates only three amino acids, but the use of UAUC incorporates four amino acids. Why?arrow_forward
- How is it possible that a given mRNA in a cell is found throughout the cytoplasm but the protein that it encodes is only found in a few specific regions of the cytoplasm? Cite a few different possibilities.arrow_forwardEukaryotic mRNA has a significantly longer half life than its prokaryotic counterpart. How is this accomplished in eukaryotes? What processes tend to degrade mRNA molecules in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes, and why are these processes needed?arrow_forwardUsing what is known about the location of introns, a methylguanosine cap, and a poly-A tail, the direction of mRNA synthesis, and the cotranscriptional mechanism of RNA processing, propose the chronological order in which each of these modifications occurs to an mRNA: Splicing, Capping, Polyadenylationarrow_forward
- One procedure of obtaining cDNA from mRNA is by using oligo(dT) primers. What are oligo(dT)s? Why does using them make sense based on the processing (or modification) of precursor mRNA to get mature mRNA?arrow_forwardHere is a eukaryotic gene. The numbers given are base pairs of exon and intron. How long in bases will the pre mRNA transcript be? Explain briefly. What is the maximum number of amino acids that could make up the protein product from the final mRNA? Explain briefly.arrow_forwardIntrons are often very large and the cell has devoted mechanisms of eliminating them once they are excised from the pre-mRNA. Following intron excision, what specific ribonucleolytic enzymes or complexes contribute to eliminating the intron RNA immediately after it is excised from the pre-mRNA? Briefly describe the role of each step/enzyme and how it affects its RNA substratearrow_forward
- A eukaryotic cell carrying out transcription and RNA processing is incubated with 32P-labeled ATP. Where will the radioactive isotope appear in mature mRNA if the ATP is labeled at the (a) α position, (b) β position, and (c) γ position?arrow_forwardDuring periods of starvation, translation of only vital mRNAs must occur inside a cell. Explain how eIF2 can mediate both the suppression of translation of non-essential mRNAs and ensure that essential mRNAs continues to be translated.arrow_forwardWhen a eukaryotic gene is cut out of genomic DNA, geneticists have discovered that enabling the strands to hydrogen bond allows them to hybridize one of the gene's strands to the mRNA for that gene. How can you tell whether this gene undergoes alternative splicing by comparing the mRNAs that result?arrow_forward
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