Chapter 19, Problem 51PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For the given set of molecules reactivity effect should be draw and identified.

Concept introduction:

Wittig reaction: This type of process olefination is a chemical reaction of an aldehyde $\left(\text{-CHO}\right)$ or ketone $\left(\text{-C=O}\right)$ with triphenyl phosphonium ylide to give a cis and trans alkene and eliminated triphenylphosphine oxide.

Nucleophilic Substitution reaction: electron rich nucleophiles attack the positive or partially positive charge of an atom and replace a leaving group is called Nucleophilic Substitution reaction.

$S_{N}1$reaction: The $S_{N}1$ reaction is twostep process, leaving group leaves the molecule is first step and forms the more stable carbocation. Further, nucleophile attacks the carbocation and forms the final product in the second step. The rate of the reaction depends on the stability of the carbocation.

$S_{N}2$reaction: The $S_{N}2$ reaction is single step process, leaving group leaves the molecule and nucleophiles attack the molecule is single step process which is simultaneous process.

To find: The reagents for the given molecule

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For the given set of molecules reactivity effect should be draw and identified.

Concept introduction:

Wittig reaction: This type of process olefination is a chemical reaction of an aldehyde $\left(\text{-CHO}\right)$ or ketone $\left(\text{-C=O}\right)$ with triphenyl phosphonium ylide to give a cis and trans alkene and eliminated triphenylphosphine oxide.

Nucleophilic Substitution reaction: electron rich nucleophiles attack the positive or partially positive charge of an atom and replace a leaving group is called Nucleophilic Substitution reaction.

$S_{N}1$reaction: The $S_{N}1$ reaction is twostep process, leaving group leaves the molecule is first step and forms the more stable carbocation. Further, nucleophile attacks the carbocation and forms the final product in the second step. The rate of the reaction depends on the stability of the carbocation.

$S_{N}2$reaction: The $S_{N}2$ reaction is single step process, leaving group leaves the molecule and nucleophiles attack the molecule is single step process which is simultaneous process.

To find: The reagents for the given molecule