Chapter 19, Problem 75IP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given starting compounds and selective reagents used to accomplish the target products transformation should be draw and identified.

Concept introduction:

Addition Reaction: It is defined as chemical reaction in which two given molecules combines and forms product. The types of addition reactions are electrophilic addition, nucleophilic addition, free radical additions and cycloadditions. Generally, compounds with carbon-hetero atom bonds favors addition reaction.

Ozonolysis Reaction: It is an oxidative reaction which is used to oxidize the carbon-carbon double and triple bond. Several type organic of reactions where the unsaturated bonds of alkenes, alkynes or azo compounds are cleaved with ozone.

Friedel-Crafts alkylation:  This reaction electrophilic aromatic substitution allows the synthesis of monoacylated $\left(R-CO-C{H}_3\right)$ products from the reaction between arenes and acyl chlorides (or) anhydrides. The obtained products are deactivated and go not undergo a second substitution place.   (or) This type of reaction involves of an aromatic ring with an alkyl halide using strong Lewis acid catalyst $\left(AlC{l}_3\right)$ or anhydrous $FeC{l}_3$ as a catalyst, the alkyl group attaches at the former site of the chlorine atoms.

Grignard Reaction: This is a organometallic reaction in different alkyl, aryl-magnesium halides add to a carbonyl group in an aldehyde and ketone. This reaction is an important for the conversion of carbon-carbon single (-C-C-) bond. Moreover the addition of a reagent to an aster, lactone gives a tertiary alcohol in which will alkyl groups are the same and the addition of a Grignard reagent to a nitrile produces an unsymmetrical ketone.

Acid Catalyzed Hydration Reaction: The reaction involves breaking of π-bonds between carbon-carbon multiple bonds and addition of alcohol to more substituted position of carbon in the molecule.

To identify: The reagents used to accomplish the given transformation.