Becker's World of the Cell (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780321934925
Author: Jeff Hardin, Gregory Paul Bertoni
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 20, Problem 20.4PS
Attenuation in 25 or Fewer Words. Complete each of the following statements about attenuation of the trp operon of E. coli in 25 or fewer words.
(a) The leader sequence can be considered to be a conditional terminator because …
(b) When the gene product of the operon is not needed, the 5′ end of the mRNA forms a secondary structure that …
(c) Implicit in our understanding of the mechanism of attenuation is the assumption that ribosomes follow RNA polymerase very closely. This “tailgating” is essential to the model because …
(d) Measurements of rates of synthesis indicate that translation normally proceeds faster than transcription. This supports the proposed mechanism for attenuation because …
(e) If the operon encoding the enzymes in the biosynthetic pathway for amino acid X is subject to this type of attenuation, the leader sequence probably encodes a polypeptide that …
(f) Attenuation makes sense as a mechanism for regulating operons that enzymes involved in amino acid biosynthesis because …
(g) Attenuation of this type is not a likely mechanism for regulating gene expression in eukaryotes because …
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35. The genes shown are from the lac operon system of E.coli. The symbols a, b and c represent the repressor (I) gene, the operator (O) region, and the structural gene (Z) for β-galactosidase, although not in that order. Furthermore, the symbols written in the genotypes are not necessarily the actual sequence in the lac operon.
Chapter 20 Solutions
Becker's World of the Cell (9th Edition)
Ch. 20 - Suppose you are analyzing a haploid E. coli strain...Ch. 20 - How do epigenetic changes, such as DNA...Ch. 20 - Compare the basic state of a gene in bacteria...Ch. 20 - Prob. 1QCh. 20 - Prob. 20.4CCCh. 20 - Prob. 20.1PSCh. 20 - The Pickled Prokaryote. Pickelensia hypothetica is...Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.3PSCh. 20 - Attenuation in 25 or Fewer Words. Complete each of...Ch. 20 - Prob. 20.5PS
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- Question:- Describe what a core promoter in and the different types. Describe the motifs that could be found in a core promoter and their proposed function?arrow_forwardProtein expression: Given that we control the composition of the medium in which we grow our bacteria, are there any additional advantages of recombinant expression of proteins compared to using chemical synthesis?arrow_forward32. In class, I compared how the Lac operon operates like a car's gas pedal and brakes. Describe this comparison further by discussing individual elements of the Lac operon and connecting them to function of a car's gas pedal and brakes.arrow_forward
- Plz answer ASAP. I will thumb up You are studying the regulation of the lactose operon in Escherichia coli, by measuring expression of the lacZ gene (i.e production of beta-galactosidase).(a) You identify several loss-of-function mutations in which lacZ is never expressed, in the presence and absence of glucose and lactose. What components of the lac operon could be mutated to produce this phenotype? List all possibilities.arrow_forwardTrue/False: In general, weak promoters that support active transcription have -10 and -35 boxes that are close to the consensus sequences and a spacer between the two boxes that is 17 +/- 1 bp.arrow_forwardRNA transcription reach low error rate under non-equilibrium steady state, what is the energy source to drive transcription ?arrow_forward
- How many sites? A researcher has isolated a restriction endonuclease that cleaves at only one particular 10-base-pair site. Would this enzyme be useful in protecting cells from viral infections, given that a typical viral genome is 50,000 base pairs long? Explainarrow_forwardTranscription AttenuationHow would transcriptionof the E. coli trp operon be affected by the following manipulations of the leader region of the trp mRNA?(a) Increasing the distance (number of bases) betweenthe leader peptide gene and sequence 2(b) Increasing the distance between sequences 2 and 3(c) Removing sequence 4(d) Changing the two Trp codons in the leader peptidegene to His codons(e) Eliminating the ribosome-binding site for the genethat encodes the leader peptide(f) Changing several nucleotides in sequence 3 so thatit can base-pair with sequence 4 but not with sequence 2arrow_forwardMRNA- based therapeutics The following questions: Which research group has initially developed the technology? What was the purpose behind the invention of the technology? What type of questions could be answered with the technology? What are the applications of the technology? Are there any clinical trials associated with the method? What is the mechanism of action for the technology?arrow_forward
- The trp operon vs. the lac operon: Which one of these is activated in the presence of a substance, and which is activated in the absence, and why the difference? In other words, what if the cell could think, what would be its rationale for why one is activated in the presence and the other in the absence of something? (Ignore the effects of glucose in the lac operon.)arrow_forward20. in differential translation, a different transcript may be recovered depending on which TATA box is used true or falsearrow_forwardexplanation summary You now add tryptophan to the cell. What would happen to the bacterial cell and its trp operon?arrow_forward
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