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(a)
Interpretation:
The reason as to why the denaturation of protein occurs when they are extracted from membranes into an aqueous buffer is to be stated.
Concept introduction:
Denaturation of protein is the dissociation of the secondary and tertiary structure of proteins. It is possible through a variety of reagents and reaction conditions. The primary structure remains the same after denaturation. The one common example of denaturation is a coagulation of protein.
(b)
Interpretation:
The explanation for the prevention of the denaturation of protein when they are extracted from membranes with detergents is to be stated.
Concept introduction:
Denaturation of protein is the dissociation of the secondary and tertiary structure of proteins. It is possible through a variety of reagents and reaction conditions. The primary structure remains the same after denaturation. The one common example of denaturation is a coagulation of protein.
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Chapter 27 Solutions
EBK ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- The isoelectric point (pl) of phenylalanine is pH 5.5. Draw the structure of the major form of glutamic acid at pH values of (a) 1 (b) 5.5 (c) 11.0.arrow_forwardAn enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of an ester with a certain activity, but this activity is lost in a 3 M urea solution. What is the most likely explanation for the loss of activity? (A) Urea binds to the active site of the enzyme competitively with the substrate. (B) Urea causes the cleavage of the peptide bonds in the enzyme. (C) Urea causes the enzyme to denature and lose its specific three-dimensional shape. (D) Urea reacts with disulfide bonds in the enzyme.arrow_forwardOH 1. (a) Write the overall reaction scheme of the N-acetyltryosine methyl ester reacting water. The acidic proton is bolded in the N H structure. / N-acetyltyrosine methyl ester pK=10 (b) Based on your sketch, predict whether the N-acetyltryosine methyl ester is more soluble in 0.1 M HCl or 0.1 M NAOH. Justify your reasoning using your reaction above and chemical logic.arrow_forward
- The pKa values for the α-carboxylic acid and the α-amino acid groups is cysteine are 1.092 and 10.78, respectively. The pKa for the titratable −SH side chain in the amino acid is 8.33. Calculate the pI (Isoelectric point) of cysteine.arrow_forward1. (a) What is amino acid? Explain the function (or status) of an amino acid at pH 3 and 9. (b) What is the activation energy of a chemical reaction? Draw and explain an energy diagram of an exothermic reaction in terms of transition state theory.arrow_forward4b) Canavanine is closely related to arginine, and like arginine its side group has a +1 charge when protonated. If you dissolved canavanine in an aqueous solution at pH 10, what would the net charge on a molecule of canavanine be? Please show your work or make it clear how you determined the charge contribution from each ionizable group.arrow_forward
- (b) Describe how the charge of some amino groups in a protein might differ at pH 9.0 and pH 5.0. the charge on the amino group will differ at pH 5 and pH 9 which will depend on the pKa of the amino acid. (c) Describe how the charge of some carboxyl groups in a protein might differ at pH 9.0 and pH 5.0. charge on carboxyl group will differ at pH 5 and pH 9 which will depend on the pKa of the amino acid. (d) Given your answers to parts (b) and (c), what kind of intramolecular interactions in beta-galactosidase are most likely to be affected by a change in pH from 9.0 to 5.0? (e) Could the interactions you mention in part (d) affect the catalytic activity of beta-galactosidase?arrow_forwardWrite the dissociation equilibria and calculate the isoelectric point (pl) of the following amino acids: Leucine, Cysteine, Histidine.arrow_forward(b) Calculate the pH of 0.0005 mol dm-3 ethanoic acid when its pKa = 4.75 and explain the assumptions made in the calculations CH3COOH(aq) CH3COO-(aq) + H+(aq) Ka = pH =arrow_forward
- During the Contact process, sulphur dioxide, SO2 is oxidised to sulphur trioxide, SO3 in the presence of a suitable catalyst. (i) Name the catalyst used in the reaction. (ii) Deduce how the reaction would proceed without the addition of catalyst. (iii) State the reason why sulphur dioxide, SO2 is used in the manufacture of wood pulp.arrow_forwardThere are many organic acids and bases in our cells, and their presence modifies the pH of the fluids inside them. It is useful to be able to assess the pH of solutions of acids and bases and to make inferences from measured values of the pH. A solution of equal concentrations of lactic acid and sodium lactate was found to have pH= 3.08. (a) What are the values of pKa and Ka of lactic acid? (b) What would the pH be if the acid had twice the concentration of the salt?arrow_forwardWhat do you predict the addition of distilled water will have on catalase? Will it increase, decrease, or have no effect on the chemical reaction between hydrogen peroxide and catalase? (arrow_forward
- Principles of Modern ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305079113Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. ButlerPublisher:Cengage Learning
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