Fundamentals Of Engineering Thermodynamics
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781119391388
Author: MORAN, Michael J., SHAPIRO, Howard N., Boettner, Daisie D., Bailey, Margaret B.
Publisher: Wiley,
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Chapter 4, Problem 4.66P
To determine
The change in kinetic energy per unit mass of water flowing through the valve.
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Water contained in a closed, rigid tank, initially at 100 lb/in², 800°F, is cooled to a final state where the pressure is 25 lb/in².
Determine the quality at the final state and the change in specific entropy, in Btu/lb-ºR, for the process.
A container of 1.5 Kg of gas is at a temperature and pressure of 293 K and 1 bar respectively. The gas is adiabatically compressed until its temperature and pressure are 450 K, 4.49 bars. Adiabatic processes are processes with no heat transfer. The properties of this gas are cv = 10.3 KJ/(Kg K) and R = 4.158 KJ/(Kg K). Neglect kinetic and potential energy terms.
Use the first law to determine the work into the system.
Calculate the entropy production for this process.
Is this a reversible process?
Consider a piston-cylinder assembly containing 10.0 kg of water. Initially, the gas has a pressure of 20.0 bar and occupies a volume of 1.0 m3. The system undergoes a reversible process in which it is compressed to 100 bar. The pressure volume relationship during this process is given by: PV1.5 = constant.
(a) What is the initial temperature?
(b) Calculate the work done during this process.
(c) Calculate the heat transferred during this process. (d) What is the final temperature?
Chapter 4 Solutions
Fundamentals Of Engineering Thermodynamics
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- 1 kg of water, T1 = 300 ° C, P1 = 200 kPa in a piston-cylinder assembly passes a process to its final state at constant pressure T2 = 150 ° C by throwing heat from its initial state to the surrounding environment. At the end of this process, determine(a) Piston boundary work, (b) The amount of heat discharged from the piston to the surrounding environment, (c) The amount of entropy produced by the piston cylinder (d) The amount of entropy produced by the surrounding environment. (Take the piston cylinder surface temperature 150 ° C!)arrow_forward1 kg of water, T1 = 300 ° C, P1 = 200 kPa in a piston-cylinder assembly passes a process to its final state at constant pressure T2 = 150 ° C by throwing heat from its initial state to the surrounding environment. At the end of this process, determine (a) Piston boundary work, (b) The amount of heat discharged from the piston to the surrounding environment, (c) The amount of entropy produced by the piston cylinder (d) The amount of entropy produced by the surrounding environment. (Take the piston cylinder surface temperature 150 ° C!) witer ! ambient enviroņment 1 kgarrow_forwardRefrigerant 134a at p1 = 30 lbş/in?, T1 = 40°F enters a compressor operating at steady state with a mass flow rate of 250 lb/h and exits as saturated vapor at p2 = 160 lbę/in?. Heat transfer occurs from the compressor to its surroundings, which are at To = 40°F. Changes in kinetic and potential energy can be ignored. The power input to the compressor is 2.5 hp. Determine the heat transfer rate for the compressor, in Btu/hr, and the entropy production rate for the compressor, in Btu/hr-°R.arrow_forward
- During cardiac surgery, a heart-lung machine achieves extracorporeal circulation of the patient's blood using a pump operating at steady state. Blood enters the well-insulated pump at a rate of 5 liters/min. The temperature change of the blood is negligible as it flows through the pump. The pump requires 20 W of power input. Modeling the blood as an incompressible substance with negligible kinetic and potential energy effects, determine the pressure change, in kPa, of the blood as it flows through the pump. a. Determine the pressure change in kPa.arrow_forwardRefrigerant 134a at p₁ = 30 lb/in², T₁ = 40°F enters a compressor operating at steady state with a mass flow rate of 150 lb/h and exits as saturated vapor at p2 = 160 lb/in². Heat transfer occurs from the compressor to its surroundings, which are at To = 40°F. Changes in kinetic and potential energy can be ignored. The power input to the compressor is 1.5 hp. Determine the heat transfer rate for the compressor, in Btu/hr, and the entropy production rate for the compressor, in Btu/hr.°R.arrow_forwardThe entropy change between two specified states is the same whether the process is reversible or irreversible.arrow_forward
- A boiler is used to generate steam. Water enters the boiler, saturated at 60°C at an unknown flow rate. Superheated steam exits at 10 bar and 262°C. The energy input of the boiler is 420 KW. Determine the flow rate of water through the boiler, in kg/hr. Neglect kinetic and potential energy changes.arrow_forwardRefrigerant 134a at p1 = 30 lbe/in?, T1 = 40°F enters a compressor operating at steady state with a mass flow rate of 400 Ib/h and exits as saturated vapor at p2 = 160 Ib/in?. Heat transfer occurs from the compressor to its surroundings, which are at To = 40°F. Changes in kinetic and potential energy can be ignored. The power input to the compressor is 4 hp. Determine the heat transfer rate for the compressor, in Btu/hr, and the entropy production rate for the compressor, in Btu/hr.°R.arrow_forward2- 1 kg of water in a piston-cylinder assembly, T1 = 300 ° C, P1 = 200 kPa, passes a process to its final state at constant pressure T2 = 150 ° C by throwing heat from its initial state to the surrounding environment. At the end of this process, determine (a) Piston boundary work, (b) The amount of heat discharged from the piston to the surrounding environment, (c) The amount of entropy produced by the piston cylinder (d) The amount of entropy produced by the surrounding environment. (Take the piston cylinder surface temperature 150 ° C!)arrow_forward
- In a piston cylinder system, fluid at 0.7 bar occupying 0.05 m³ is compressed reversibly to a pressure of 9.8 bar and specific volume of 0.6 m3 m³/kg according to the law pv" = c. The fluid then expands reversibly according to the law pv² = c to 2.1 bar. A reversible cooling at constant volume then restores the fluid back to initial state. Calculate the value of n in the process. Calculate to 3 d.p.arrow_forwardA fluid at pressure of 3 bar, and with specific volume 0.18 m^3/kg, contained in a cyclinder behind a piston that expands reversibly to a pressure of 0.6 bar according to a law: p= C/v², where c is a constant. Show the expansion process on p-V diagram and calculate the net work done by the fluid on the piston.arrow_forwardRefrigerant 134a at p1 = 30 lb/in?, T1 = 40°F enters a compressor operating at steady state with a mass flow rate of 400 lb/h and exits as saturated vapor at p2 = 160 lb;/in?. Heat transfer occurs from the compressor to its surroundings, which are at To = 40°F. Changes in kinetic and potential energy can be ignored. The power input to the compressor is 4 hp. Determine the heat transfer rate for the compressor, in Btu/hr, and the entropy production rate for the compressor, in Btu/hr-°R.arrow_forward
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What is entropy? - Jeff Phillips; Author: TED-Ed;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YM-uykVfq_E;License: Standard youtube license