Concept introduction:
Cost Volume Profit (CVP) Analysis:
The Cost Volume Profit analysis is the analysis of the relation between cost, volume, and profit of a product. It analyzes the cost and profits at the different level of production, in order to determine the breakeven point and required the level of sales to earn the desired profit.
Contribution margin means the margin that is left with the company after recovering variable cost out of revenue earned by selling smart phones. The formula for contribution margin is as follows:
Contribution margin = Sales - Variable cost.
Similarly contribution margin ratio = Contribution/sales
Degree of operating leverage:
The Degree of operating leverage shows the relation between change in net operating income and change in sales. The formulas for degree of operating leverage are as follows:
To calculate:
The Degree of operating leverage
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Managerial Accounting - With Access
- Salvador Manufacturing builds and sells snowboards, skis and poles. The sales price and variable cost for each follows: Their sales mix is reflected in the ratio 7:3:2. If annual fixed costs shared by the three products are $196,200, how many units of each product will need to be sold in order for Salvador to break even?arrow_forwardContribution Margin Ratio, Break-Even Sales, Operating Leverage Elgart Company produces plastic mailboxes. The projected income statement for the coming year follows: Required: 1. Compute the contribution margin ratio for the mailboxes. 2. How much revenue must Elgart earn in order to break even? 3. What is the effect on the contribution margin ratio if the unit selling price and unit variable cost each increase by 15%? 4. CONCEPTUAL CONNECTION Suppose that management has decided to give a 4% commission on all sales. The projected income statement does not reflect this commission. Recompute the contribution margin ratio, assuming that the commission will be paid. What effect does this have on the break-even point? 5. CONCEPTUAL CONNECTION If the commission is paid as described in Requirement 4, management expects sales revenues to increase by 80,000. How will this affect operating leverage? Is it a sound decision to implement the commission? Support your answer with appropriate computations.arrow_forwardManatoah Manufacturing produces 3 models of window air conditioners: model 101, model 201, and model 301. The sales price and variable costs for these three models are as follows: The current product mix is 4:3:2. The three models share total fixed costs of $430,000. Calculate the sales price per composite unit. What is the contribution margin per composite unit? Calculate Manatoahs break-even point in both dollars and units. Using an income statement format, prove that this is the break-even point.arrow_forward
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- Manufacturing builds and sells switch harnesses for glove boxes. The sales price and variable cost for each follows: Their sales mix is reflected in the ratio 4:4:1. If annual fixed costs shared by the three products are $1 8840 how many units of each product will need to be sold in order forJj to break even?arrow_forwardLotts Company produces and sells one product. The selling price is 10, and the unit variable cost is 6. Total fixed cost is 10,000. Required: 1. Prepare a CVP graph with Units Sold as the horizontal axis and Dollars as the vertical axis. Label the break-even point on the horizontal axis. 2. Prepare CVP graphs for each of the following independent scenarios: (a) Fixed cost increases by 5,000, (b) Unit variable cost increases to 7, (c) Unit selling price increases to 12, and (d) Fixed cost increases by 5,000 and unit variable cost is 7.arrow_forwardGrand Canyon Manufacturing Inc. produces and sells a product with a price of 100 per unit. The following cost data have been prepared for its estimated upper and lower limits of activity: Overhead: Selling and administrative expenses: Required: 1. Classify each cost element as either variable, fixed, or semi-variable. (Hint: Recall that variable expenses must go up in direct proportion to changes in the volume of activity.) 2. Calculate the break-even point in units and dollars. (Hint: First use the high-low method illustrated in Chapter 4 to separate costs into their fixed and variable components.) 3. Prepare a break-even chart. 4. Prepare a contribution income statement, similar in format to the statement appearing on page 540, assuming sales of 5,000 units. 5. Recompute the break-even point in units, assuming that variable costs increase by 20% and fixed costs are reduced by 50,000.arrow_forward
- Tim-Buck-Il rents jet skis at a beach resort. There are three models available to rent: Junior, Adult, and Expert. The rental price and variable costs for these three models are as follows: The current product mix is 5:4:1. The three models share total fixed costs of $1 14,750 A. Calculate the sales price per composite unit. B. What is the contribution margin per composite unit? C. Calculate Tim-Buck-IIs break-even point in both dollars and units. D. Using an income statement format, prove that this is the break-even point.arrow_forwardMorris Industries manufactures and sells three products (AA, BB, and CC). The sales price and unit variable cost for the three products are as follows: Their sales mix s reflected as a ratio of 5:3:2. Annual fixed costs shared by the three products are $25,000 per year. What are total variable costs for Morris with their current product mix? Calculate the number of units of each product that will need to be sold in order for Morris to break even. What is their break-even point in sales dollars? Using an income statement format, prove that this is the break-even point.arrow_forwardBusy-Bee Baking Company produces a variety of breads. The average price of a loaf of bread is 1. Costs are as follows: Other data: Required: 1. Compute the break-even point in units using conventional analysis. 2. Compute the break-even point in units using activity-based analysis. 3. Suppose that Busy-Bee could reduce the setup cost by 100 per setup and could reduce the number of maintenance hours needed to 1,000. How many units must be sold to break even in this case? (Round answer up to whole units.)arrow_forward
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