Concept explainers
a.
To determine:
The human gene that best matches the query sequence and observes only at the first entry, which corresponds to the first entry under the descriptions.
Introduction:
The genome is the complete DNA set present in the organism. BLAST is a bioinformatic tool used in the analysis of data obtained from DNA sequencing.
b.
To determine:
The exact match and to choose “mouse genomic + transcript” as the database to search.
Introduction:
The match between the sequence of two different organisms shows the evolutionary relationships between them.
c.
To determine:
The gene conserved in the mouse and the way in which it is conserved.
Introduction:
The gene which is same throughout evolution are the conserved genes. The conserved gene is unique.
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Genetics: From Genes to Genomes
- In addition to the standard base-paired helical structures, DNA can form X-shaped hairpin structures called cruciforms in which most bases are involved in Watson–Crick pairs. Such structures tend to occur at sequences with inverted repeats. Draw the cruciform structure formed by the DNA sequence TCAAGTCCACGGTGGACTTGC.arrow_forwardYou have sequenced the genome of the bacterium Salmonella typhimurium and find a protein that is 100 percent identical to a protein in the bacterium Escherichia coli. When you compare nucleotide sequences of the S. typhimurium and E. coli genes, you find that their nucleotide sequences are only 87 percent identical. How would you interpret the observations? Please make sure to select ALL correct answer options. Because genetic code is redundant, changes in the DNA nucleotide sequence can occur without change to its encoded protein. Due to the flexibility in the third positions of most codons, the DNA sequence can accumulate changes without affecting protein structure. Natural selection will eliminate many deleterious amino acid changes. This will reduce the rate of change in the amino acid sequence and lead to sequence conservation of the proteins. Protein sequences are expected to evolve and…arrow_forwardIf the bandicoot genome is 3.62 x 109 base pairs, and the "highly repetitive DNA" fraction is composed entirely of copies of sequence 5'TGCGTGTGTGC3' and its complement, how many copies of this sequence are present in the bandicoot genome?arrow_forward
- The following is the base sequence of DNA that codes for first eight amino acids of the β chain of hemoglobin. The β chain of hemoglobin contains a total of 147 amino acids so this is a small part of the entire gene. DNA Template Strand: TACCACGTGGACTGAGGACTCCTC 1. What is the minimum number of DNA nucleotides in this whole gene? 2. What is the sequence of bases on the strand of DNA that is complementary to the template strand? 3. What mRNA will be formed from the template strand of DNA?arrow_forwardYou were going to sequence a rice DNA fragment whose sequence was only know at one end, as shown below. 5’ AAACGATCGAGTCGCATCCAAAATCGATACCC—unknown region 3’ TTTGCTAGCTCTGCGTAGGTTTTAGCTATGGG—unknown region After several tries, you obtained a beautiful sequencing image as shown here: The worked out well partially because you had designed a primer for sequencing the unknown region according to the following guideline: Tm is 55 – 60°C. Ensures primer had a appropriate melting temperature for PCR ans sequencing. The GC content of the primer is the same as the genome/template (rice = 60%, human/Drosophila = 45-50%). A same nucleotide cannot be more than 2 in a row, e.g. CCC, GGGGG, AAA. The secondary structure of the primer must be none or weak. No primer dimers (The primer anneals to itself). 3’ end is the most important: it should not end in A, preferably ends in GG, GC, CG or CC This website can help you design the primer: http://www.oligoevaluator.com/OligoCalcServlet…arrow_forwardShown below are several next-generation sequencing reads from a sample you have. Which of the following is the most likely candidate for the original linear piece of DNA present in the sample that created the sequence reads shown below? 5' GGGCATTA 3' 5' TACGAACA 3' 5' ATACCGGGC 3' 5' ACCGTACG 3' 5' AACATACC 3' Question 4 options: 5' ATTAACCGTACGAACATACCGGGC 3' 5' GGGCATTATACGAACAATACCGGGC 3' 5' ACCGGGCATTAACCGTACGAACAT 3' 5' AACATACCGGGCATTAACCGTACG 3' 5' GGCATTAACCGTACGAACATACCG 3' 5' ACCGTACGAACATACCGGGCATTA 3'arrow_forward
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