Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The labelled bond angles needs to be determined in the given compound 'Halothane' a general anesthetic.
Concept Introduction:
Bond angles can be determined by VSEPR theory based on hybridization but not accurately for certain oxides, metallic compounds and gaseous salts. Valence shell electron pair repulsion theory or VSEPR theory used in chemistry as a model for the prediction of shape of various molecules by knowing the electron pairs on the central atom. There will be repulsion between the electron pairs present on central atom, so to minimize the repulsion they adopt an arrangement with minimum repulsion, thus determining molecule's shape. And by knowing the shape we can easily determine the bond angles.
The following table should be used while determining the shapes:
Number of groups | Number of lone pairs | Shape | Bond angle | |
2 | 2 | 0 | Linear | |
3 | 3 | 0 | Trigonal planar | |
4 | 4 | 0 | Tetrahedral | |
4 | 3 | 1 | Trigonal pyramidal | |
4 | 2 | 2 | Bent |
(b)
Interpretation:
The labelled bond angles needs to be determined in the given compound 'Propene' a petroleum product.
Concept Introduction:
Bond angles can be determined by VSEPR theory based on hybridization but not accurately for certain oxides, metallic compounds and gaseous salts Valence shell electron pair repulsion theory or VSEPR theory used in chemistry as a model for the prediction of shape of various molecules by knowing the electron pairs on the central atom. There will be repulsion between the electron pairs present on central atom, so to minimize the repulsion they adopt an arrangement with minimum repulsion, thus determining molecule's shape. And by knowing the shape we can easily determine the bond angles.
The following table should be used while determining the shapes:
Number of groups | Number of atoms | Number of lone pairs | Shape | Bond angle |
2 | 2 | 0 | Linear | |
3 | 3 | 0 | Trigonal planar | |
4 | 4 | 0 | Tetrahedral | |
4 | 3 | 1 | Trigonal pyramidal | |
4 | 2 | 2 | Bent |
(c)
Interpretation:
The labelled bond angles needs to be determined in the given compound 'Phenol' a petroleum product.
Concept Introduction:
Bond angles can be determined by VSEPR theory based on hybridization but not accurately for certain oxides, metallic compounds and gaseous salts. Valence shell electron pair repulsion theory or VSEPR theory used in chemistry as a model for the prediction of shape of various molecules by knowing the electron pairs on the central atom. There will be repulsion between the electron pairs present on central atom, so to minimize the repulsion they adopt an arrangement with minimum repulsion, thus determining molecule's shape. And by knowing the shape we can easily determine the bond angles.
The following table should be used while determining the shapes:
Number of groups | Number of atoms | Number of lone pairs | Shape | Bond angle |
2 | 2 | 0 | Linear | |
3 | 3 | 0 | Trigonal planar | |
4 | 4 | 0 | Tetrahedral | |
4 | 3 | 1 | Trigonal pyramidal | |
4 | 2 | 2 | Bent |
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EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, & BIOLOGICAL CHEM
- Draw correct line-bond structures for the following moleculesarrow_forwardWhich one of the following covalent compound structures is characterized by the SMALLEST bond angles between pendant hydrogen atoms? H₂O dihydrogen monoxide H-O: H H₂O CH4 NH3 CH₂ carbon tetrahydride H H-C-H H NH₂ nitrogen trihydride H-N-H -I Harrow_forward2. Identify the electron and molecular geometry of each indicated atoms in the compound below. HOarrow_forward
- Give the line structure for each compound.arrow_forwardDraw VSEPR sketches for each compound below. Then, indicate whether the each of the following compounds is polar or nonpolar by drawing molecular dipole moments when appropriate. CHCl3 CH2Cl2 CCl4 H2O CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3arrow_forwardWrite the common (not systematic) name of each organic molecule. structure CH3 CH₂ CH3 CH3 CH-N-CH-CH3 CH3 CH₂ CH3 CH3 CH₂ CH₂-N-CH₂ - CH3 CH3 CH3—CH—NH—CH3 name 0 0 0arrow_forward
- Write the common (not systematic) name of each organic molecule. structure CH₂ CH3 CH3-CH₂-CH₂-N-CH₂-CH₂-CH3 -— CH3 CH3 -CH₂CH₂-N-CH₂-CH₂-CH3 CH2−N−CH2−CH2–CH3 CH3—CH,—NH–CH3 name 0 0 0arrow_forwardChoose the two molecules that are constitutional isomers. m Compound 1 Compound 2 Compound 3 Compound 4 A) Compounds 1 and 2 B) Compounds 1 and 3 C) Compounds 2 and 3 D) Compounds 3 and 4 E) Compounds 2 and 4arrow_forwardThere are at least three different molecules with the formula C3H8O. Draw a Lewis structure for each possible constitutional isomer. Be careful not to duplicate any structures.arrow_forward
- 6. Describe concisely a chemical test to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds.arrow_forwardUsing VSEPR, predict the bond angles about the carbon and nitrogen atoms in each pair of contributing structure. In what way do these bond angles change from one contributing structure to the otherarrow_forwardProvide the formula for each compound.arrow_forward
- Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning