GENETIC ANALYSIS: AN INTEG. APP. W/MAS
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781323142790
Author: Sanders
Publisher: Pearson Custom Publishing
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Chapter 12, Problem 13P
Answer the following questions concerning the accuracy of DNA polymerase during replication.
What general mechanism do DNA polymerases use to check the accuracy of
If a DNA replication error is detected by DNA polymerase, how is it corrected?
If a replication error escapes detection and correction, what kind of abnormality is most likely to exist at the site of replication error?
Identify two mechanisms that can correct the kind of abnormality resulting from the circumstances identified in part (c).
If the kind of abnormality identified in part (c) is not corrected before the next DNA replication cycle, what kind of mutation occurs?
DNA mismatch repair can accurately distinguish between the template strand and the newly replicated strand of a DNA duplex. What characteristic of DNA strands is used to make this distinction?
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Students have asked these similar questions
Assume a deletion occurs in a gene that encodes DNA polymerase I and no functional DNA polymerase I is produced. What will be the most likely consequence of this mutation?
The DNA would not exist in a supercoiled state.
There would be no RNA primers laid down.
The DNA will not be able to unwind to initiate replication.
The DNA strands would contain pieces of RNA.
There would be no DNA replication on the leading or lagging strands.
Which of the following is/are true regarding the enzyme primase?
a: primase functions during cellular DNA replication. b: without primase activity, DNA polymerase in our cell can NOT begin synthesizing new nucleotide chains. c: primase uses dNTP building blocks
d: primase is a polymerase enzyme
e: primase functions AFTER DNA helicase activity.
Ps: This has multiple answers. thank you.
Why is the replication of DNA referred to as a semiconservative process? What is the experimental evidence for the semiconservative nature of the process? What experimental results would you expect if replication of DNA were a conservative process?
Chapter 12 Solutions
GENETIC ANALYSIS: AN INTEG. APP. W/MAS
Ch. 12 - 11.1 Identify two general ways chemical mutagens...Ch. 12 - 11.2 Nitrous acid and (BU) alter DNA by different...Ch. 12 - 11.19 Using the adeninethymine base pair in this...Ch. 12 - The partial amino acid sequence of a wild-type...Ch. 12 - 5. Thymine is usually in its normal, common form....Ch. 12 - Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is mutagenic.
What...Ch. 12 - Researchers interested in studying mutation and...Ch. 12 - The effect of base - pair substitution mutations...Ch. 12 - Prob. 9PCh. 12 - 11.10 In numerous population studies of...
Ch. 12 - 11.11 Two different mutations are identified in a...Ch. 12 - 11.22 Many human genes are known to have homologs...Ch. 12 - 11.13 Answer the following questions concerning...Ch. 12 - Prob. 14PCh. 12 - Prob. 15PCh. 12 - Prob. 16PCh. 12 - 11.15 A sample of the bacterium is exposed to...Ch. 12 - 11.16 A strain of is identified as having a null...Ch. 12 - Define gene conversion and contrast it with gene...Ch. 12 - Prob. 20PCh. 12 - Prob. 21PCh. 12 - Prob. 22PCh. 12 - Prob. 23PCh. 12 - Prob. 24PCh. 12 - 25. If homologous recombination did not occur,...Ch. 12 - In this chapter, three features of genes or of DNA...Ch. 12 - Briefly compare the production of DNA double -...Ch. 12 - During mismatch repair, why is it necessary to...Ch. 12 - 11.27 Following the spill of a mixture of...Ch. 12 - A geneticist searching for mutations uses the...Ch. 12 - A wild - type culture of haploid yeast is exposed...Ch. 12 - A fragment of a wild - type polypeptide is...Ch. 12 - Prob. 33PCh. 12 - 11.40 Common baker’s yeast () is normally grown at...Ch. 12 - 11.41 The two gels illustrated below contain...Ch. 12 - Alkaptonuria is a human autosomal recessive...Ch. 12 - 11.33 In an experiment employing the methods of...Ch. 12 - Using your knowledge of DNA repair pathways choose...Ch. 12 - 11.35 Ataxia telangiectasia is a human inherited...Ch. 12 - 40. Two haploid strains of fungus are fused to...
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- What will be the outcome for any resulting protein from this this DNA segment  arrow_forwardWhat factors promote the fidelity of replication during synthesis of the leading strand of DNA? prevention of mismatched nucleotides at the replication fork by topoisomerase Watson-Crick base pairing between the template and leading strand breaks that occur in the leading strand are repaired by DNA ligase removal of the RNA primers between Okazaki fragments by DNA polymerase I removal of wrongly inserted nucleotides by the 3'-exonuclease activity of DNA polymerase IIIarrow_forwardDefine DNA replication/synthesis and semiconservative replication. In addition, describe and/or define the role(s) of each of the following in the process of DNA replication/synthesis: DNA template strand, 5’ and 3’ ends, DNA helicase, DNA polymerase, single-strand binding proteins, topoisomerase, primase, Okazaki fragments, leading strand and lagging strand.arrow_forward
- Explain in not more than 5 sentences. If deoxyribonucleotides that lack the 3’-OH groups are added during the replication process, what do you expect will occur?arrow_forwardBased on what you have learned with respect to various DNA repair pathways, decide the most appropriate pathway that would be used to repair the following types of DNA damage. Explain your reasoning. A change in the DNA sequence caused by a mistake made by DNA polymerase during replication In a fungal species, pyrimidine dimers induced as a result of UV exposure A double-stranded break that occurs during G1 and prevents completion of DNA replicationarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements regarding Nucleotide Excision Repair (NER) and Base Excision Repair (BER) is true? Only NER involves the action of DNA ligase to seal nicks in the DNA backbone. Both NER and BER involve the creation of an apyrimidinic (AP) site. Both NER and BER involve a single DNA strand cleavage by an endonuclease. Only BER requires DNA polymerase. Both NER and BER can be activated by exposure to visible light.arrow_forward
- Match the following descriptions with the enzymes involved in DNA replication. 1. Adds an RNA primer to begin elongation 2. Removes the RNA primer from the beginning of the newly constructed strands 3. Splices lagging strand segments 4. Cleaves the rung of the DNA double helix ladder Description: DNA DNA Helicase Primase Enzyme: Polymerase Ligasearrow_forwardInitiation of replication occurs at an "origin of replication" site that typically includes an AT-rich region. Initiation benefits from these AT-rich regions because: the AT-rich region recruits topoisomerase to begin the process of DNA replication. GC-rich regions are impossible to replicate because of their strong H-bonds. the AT-rich region recruits DNA polymerase to begin the process of DNA replication. adenine-thymine pairs are held together by two H-bonds, making them easier to separate during unwinding. None of the answers is correct.arrow_forwardBriefly discuss the pros and cons of having a nucleoid (as bacteria do) versus a double nuclear membrane surrounding the DNA (as in eukaryotes). List and explain three reasons why DNA replication is very accurate.arrow_forward
- Explain the function of an origin of replication in the replication of DNA, and know how the prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells differ in terms of the number of origins of replication on each chromosome. Explain why replication is different on the two strand at a replication fork, including: how these differences are related to the fact that DNA strands are synthesized in a 5’ to 3’ direction. what is meant by the terms bidirectional replication, and replication bubble. the role of the leading strand, lagging strand, Okazaki fragments, continuous and discontinuous replicationarrow_forwardReplication of a circular DNA molecule can occur by either theta replication or by rolling circle replication. Describe or explain three differences between these two modes of DNA replication. Be VERY specific and accurately describe the differences between the two.arrow_forwardIn terms of the new DNA strands that are generated, what are the differences between replication and conventional polymerase chain reaction?arrow_forward
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