Fluid Mechanics: Fundamentals and Applications
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781259696534
Author: Yunus A. Cengel Dr., John M. Cimbala
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 14, Problem 78P
To determine
(a)
The volume flow rate through the turbine.
To determine
(b)
The optimum rotation rate of the wheel.
To determine
(c)
The output shaft power.
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1. A horizontal jet of water issues from a nozzle 7.5 cm diameter under an effective head of 67.5 m and strikes a fixed vertical plate. Find the dynamic thrust on the plate. Take Cv for the nozzle as unity.
2. Same as in Problem No.1, except that the plate is moving parallel to itself at 6 m/s.
A jet of water with velocity 35 m/s strikes a series of radial curved vane mounted on a wheel which is rotating at 200 rpm. The jet makes an angle 30° with the tangent to the wheel at inlet, and leaves the wheel with a velocity 5 m/s at angle of 140° to the tangent to the wheel at the outlet. The outer and inner radii of the wheel are 70 cm and 35 cm, respectively.
A. Determine the Inlet Vane Angle, in degrees.
A Francis radial-flow hydroturbine has the following dimensions, where location 2 is the inlet and location 1 is the outlet: r2 = 2.00 m, r1 = 1.30 m, b2 = 0.85 m, and b1 = 2.10 m. The runner blade angles are ?2 = 71.4° and ?1 = 15.3° at the turbine inlet and outlet, respectively. The runner rotates at n. = 160 rpm. The volume flow rate at design conditions is 80.0 m3/s. Irreversible losses are neglected in this preliminary analysis. Calculate the angle ?2 through which the wicket gates should turn the flow, where ?2 is measured from the radial direction at the runner inlet. Calculate the swirl angle ?1, where ?1 is measured from the radial direction at the runner outlet. Does this turbine have forward or reverse swirl? Predict the power output (MW) and required net head (m).
Chapter 14 Solutions
Fluid Mechanics: Fundamentals and Applications
Ch. 14 - What is the more common term for an...Ch. 14 - What the primary differences between fans,...Ch. 14 - List at least two common examples of fans, of...Ch. 14 - Discuss the primary difference between a porn...Ch. 14 - Explain why there is an “extra” term in the...Ch. 14 - For a turbine, discuss the difference between...Ch. 14 - Prob. 7CPCh. 14 - Prob. 8PCh. 14 - Prob. 9PCh. 14 - Prob. 10CP
Ch. 14 - There are three main categories of dynamic pumps....Ch. 14 - For each statement about cow cetrifugal the...Ch. 14 - Prob. 13CPCh. 14 - Consider flow through a water pump. For each...Ch. 14 - Write the equation that defines actual (available)...Ch. 14 - Consider a typical centrifugal liquid pump. For...Ch. 14 - Prob. 17CPCh. 14 - Consider steady, incompressible flow through two...Ch. 14 - Prob. 19CPCh. 14 - Prob. 20PCh. 14 - Suppose the pump of Fig. P1 4-19C is situated...Ch. 14 - Prob. 22PCh. 14 - Prob. 23EPCh. 14 - Consider the flow system sketched in Fig. PI 4-24....Ch. 14 - Prob. 25PCh. 14 - Repeat Prob. 14-25, but with a rough pipe-pipe...Ch. 14 - Consider the piping system of Fig. P14—24. with...Ch. 14 - The performance data for a centrifugal water pump...Ch. 14 - For the centrifugal water pump of Prob. 14-29,...Ch. 14 - Suppose the pump of Probs. 14-29 and 14-30 is used...Ch. 14 - Suppose you are looking into purchasing a water...Ch. 14 - The performance data of a water pump follow the...Ch. 14 - For the application at hand, the flow rate of...Ch. 14 - A water pump is used to pump water from one large...Ch. 14 - For the pump and piping system of Prob. 14-35E,...Ch. 14 - A water pump is used to pump water from one large...Ch. 14 - Suppose that the free surface of the inlet...Ch. 14 - Calculate the volume flow rate between the...Ch. 14 - Comparing the results of Probs. 14-39 and 14-43,...Ch. 14 - Prob. 45PCh. 14 - The performance data for a centrifugal water pump...Ch. 14 - Transform each column of the pump performance data...Ch. 14 - 14-51 A local ventilation system (a hood and duct...Ch. 14 - Prob. 52PCh. 14 - Repeat Prob. 14-51, ignoring all minor losses. How...Ch. 14 - Suppose the one- way of Fig. P14-51 malfunctions...Ch. 14 - A local ventilation system (a hood and duct...Ch. 14 - For the duct system and fan of Prob. 14-55E,...Ch. 14 - Repeat Prob. 14-55E, ignoring all minor losses....Ch. 14 - A self-priming centrifugal pump is used to pump...Ch. 14 - Repeat Prob. 14-60. but at a water temperature of...Ch. 14 - Repeat Prob. 14-60, but with the pipe diameter...Ch. 14 - Prob. 63EPCh. 14 - Prob. 64EPCh. 14 - Prob. 66PCh. 14 - Prob. 67PCh. 14 - Prob. 68PCh. 14 - Prob. 69PCh. 14 - Two water pumps are arranged in Series. The...Ch. 14 - The same two water pumps of Prob. 14-70 are...Ch. 14 - Prob. 72CPCh. 14 - Name and briefly describe the differences between...Ch. 14 - Discuss the meaning of reverse swirl in reaction...Ch. 14 - Prob. 75CPCh. 14 - Prob. 76CPCh. 14 - Prob. 77PCh. 14 - Prob. 78PCh. 14 - Prob. 79PCh. 14 - Prob. 80PCh. 14 - Wind ( =1.204kg/m3 ) blows through a HAWT wind...Ch. 14 - Prob. 82PCh. 14 - Prob. 84CPCh. 14 - A Francis radial-flow hydroturbine has the...Ch. 14 - Prob. 87PCh. 14 - Prob. 88PCh. 14 - Prob. 89PCh. 14 - Prob. 90CPCh. 14 - Prob. 91CPCh. 14 - Discuss which dimensionless pump performance...Ch. 14 - Prob. 93CPCh. 14 - Prob. 94PCh. 14 - Prob. 95PCh. 14 - Prob. 96PCh. 14 - Prob. 97PCh. 14 - Prob. 98PCh. 14 - Prob. 99PCh. 14 - Prob. 100EPCh. 14 - Prob. 101PCh. 14 - Calculate the pump specific speed of the pump of...Ch. 14 - Prob. 103PCh. 14 - Prob. 104PCh. 14 - Prob. 105PCh. 14 - Prob. 106PCh. 14 - Prob. 107EPCh. 14 - Prob. 108PCh. 14 - Prob. 109PCh. 14 - Prob. 110PCh. 14 - Prove that the model turbine (Prob. 14-109) and...Ch. 14 - Prob. 112PCh. 14 - Prob. 113PCh. 14 - Prob. 114PCh. 14 - Prob. 115CPCh. 14 - Prob. 116CPCh. 14 - Prob. 117CPCh. 14 - Prob. 118PCh. 14 - For two dynamically similar pumps, manipulate the...Ch. 14 - Prob. 120PCh. 14 - Prob. 121PCh. 14 - Prob. 122PCh. 14 - Calculate and compare the turbine specific speed...Ch. 14 - Prob. 124PCh. 14 - Prob. 125PCh. 14 - Prob. 126PCh. 14 - Prob. 127PCh. 14 - Prob. 128PCh. 14 - Prob. 129PCh. 14 - Prob. 130PCh. 14 - Prob. 131PCh. 14 - Prob. 132PCh. 14 - Prob. 133PCh. 14 - Prob. 134PCh. 14 - Prob. 135PCh. 14 - A two-lobe rotary positive-displacement pump moves...Ch. 14 - Prob. 137PCh. 14 - Prob. 138PCh. 14 - Prob. 139PCh. 14 - Prob. 140PCh. 14 - Which choice is correct for the comparison of the...Ch. 14 - Prob. 142PCh. 14 - In a hydroelectric power plant, water flows...Ch. 14 - Prob. 144PCh. 14 - Prob. 145PCh. 14 - Prob. 146PCh. 14 - Prob. 147PCh. 14 - Prob. 148PCh. 14 - Prob. 149PCh. 14 - Prob. 150PCh. 14 - Prob. 151P
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, mechanical-engineering and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Calculate the diameter of the nozzle (in mm) by a jet of water discharging freely out of a nozzle, fitted to a pipe 300 m long and 100 mm diameter with coefficient of friction as 0·01. The available head at the nozzle is 90 m. a. 372 b. 33 c. 25.4 d. 10.29arrow_forwardA converging elbow turns water through an angle of 135º in a vertical plane. The flow cross-sectional diameter is 400 mm at the elbow inlet, section (1), and 200 mm at the elbow outlet,section (2). The elbow flow passage volume is 0.2 m3between sections (1) and (2). The water volume flowrate is 0.4 m3/s, and the elbow inlet and outlet pressures are 150 kPa(gage) and 90 kPa(gage). The empty elbow mass is 12 kg. Calculate the horizontal and vertical anchoring forces required to hold the elbow in place. Assume: a) Steady, Incompressible, Uniform fluid flow at inlet/ outlet. ρwater= 1000 kg/m3.arrow_forwardComment on the significance of any experimental errors for ORIFICE AND FREE JET FLOWarrow_forward
- Suppose that there is a 4-cm water jet with a velocity of 15 m/s which hits a vertical plate with a mass on 800 kg. This plate is mounted on a track which is nearly frictionless and starts out not moving. when the jet strikes the plate, water leaves by splashing out in the plane of the plate. what is the acceleration of the plate when the jet first hits it? What is the velocity of the plate after 60 seconds? Assume that the momentum correction factor s 1.04.arrow_forwardA jet of water 3 cm in diameter strikes normal to a plate asin Fig. If the force required to hold the plate is 23 N,what is the jet velocity?( a ) 2.85 m/s, ( b ) 5.7 m/s, ( c ) 8.1 m/s, ( d ) 4.0 m/s, ( e ) 23 m/sarrow_forwardA Francis radial-flow hydroturbine is being designed with the following dimensions: r2 = 2.00 m, r1 = 1.42 m, b2 = 0.731 m, and b1 = 2.20 m. The runner rotates at n. = 180 rpm. The wicket gates turn the flow by angle ?2 = 30° from radial at the runner inlet, and the flow at the runner outlet is at angle ?1 = 10° from radial. The volume flow rate at design conditions is 340 m3 /s, and the gross head provided by the dam is Hgross = 90.0 m. For the preliminary design, irreversible losses are neglected. Calculate the turbine specific speed of the turbine. Provide answers in both dimensionless form and in customary U.S. units. Is it in the normal range for a Francis turbine? If not, what type of turbine would be more appropriate?arrow_forward
- A Francis radial-flow hydroturbine is being designed with the following dimensions: r2 = 2.00 m, r1 = 1.42 m, b2 = 0.731 m, and b1 = 2.20 m. The runner rotates at n. = 180 rpm. The wicket gates turn the flow by angle ?2 = 30° from radial at the runner inlet, and the flow at the runner outlet is at angle ?1 = 10° from radial. The volume flow rate at design conditions is 340 m3 /s, and the gross head provided by the dam is Hgross = 90.0 m. For the preliminary design, irreversible losses are neglected. Calculate the inlet and outlet runner blade angles ?2 and ?1, respectively, and predict the power output (MW) and required net head (m). Is the design feasible?arrow_forwardTwo water tanks, each with base area of 1 ft2, are connectedby a 0.5-in-diameter long-radius nozzle as in Fig. .If h = 1 ft as shown for t = 0, estimate the time for h(t) todrop to 0.25 ft.arrow_forwardA horizontal jet of water issues from a nozzle 7.5 cm diameter under an effective head of 67.5 m and strikes a fixed vertical plate. Find the dynamic thrust on the plate. Take Cv for the nozzle as unity.arrow_forward
- In Fig. water exits from a nozzle into atmosphericpressure of 101 kPa. If the fl ow rate is 160 gal/min, what isthe average velocity at section 1?( a ) 2.6 m/s, ( b ) 0.81 m/s, ( c ) 93 m/s, ( d ) 23 m/s, ( e ) 1.62 m/sarrow_forwardWater fl ows steadily through the box in Fig. P3.63. Averagevelocity at all ports is 7 m/s. The vertical momentum forceon the box is 36 N. What is the inlet mass fl ow?arrow_forwardO.S. A vertical orifice is 10 cm. square and has an actual flow of 28 Ips with Cv=0.95, Cv = 0.62 as shown in the figure. If the liquid is oil (s.g. = 0.85), what is the head, h in meter over the orifice is required? In Problem 1, determine the theoretical velocity of the jet Also in Problem 1, determine the theoretical flow (Ips).arrow_forward
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